दाय
यन्त्रोपारोपितकोशांशः सम्पाद्यताम्
कल्पद्रुमः सम्पाद्यताम्
 पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
दाय, ऋ ङ दाने । इति कविकल्पद्रुमः ॥ (भ्वां- आत्मं-सकं-सेट् ।) ऋ, अददायत् । ङ, दायते । इति दुर्गादासः ॥
दायः, पुं, (दीयते इति । दा दाने + घञ् । “आतो युक्चिण्कृतोः ।” ७ । ३ । ३३ । इति युक् ।) यौतुकादिदेयधनम् । (यथा, महाभारते । २ । ५१ । १ । “दायन्तु विविधं तस्मै शृणु मे गदतोऽनघ ! । यज्ञार्थं राजभिर्दत्तं महान्तं घनसञ्चयम् ॥”) कन्यादानकाले जामात्रादिभ्यो व्रतभिक्षादौ ब्राह्मणादिभ्यश्च यद्द्रव्यं दीयते तत् । इति भरतः ॥ तत्पर्य्यायः । हरणम् २ । इत्यमरः । २ । ८ । २८ ॥ सोल्लुण्ठभाषणम् । विभक्तव्य- पितृद्रव्यम् । (यथा, मनुः । ९ । १६४ । “औरसो विभजन् दायं पित्र्यं पञ्चममेव वा ॥” विभागार्हधनमात्रम् । यथा, तत्रैव । ९ । ७७ । “संवत्सरं प्रतीक्षेत द्विषन्तीं योषितं पतिः । ऊर्द्ध्वं संवत्सरात्त्वेनां दायं हृत्वा न संवसेत् ॥” दा दाने + भावे घञ् ।) दानम् । इति मेदिनी । ये, ३० ॥ (यथा, मनुः । ८ । १९९ । “अस्वामिना कृतो यस्तु दायो विक्रय एव वा । अकृतः स तु विज्ञेयो व्यवहारे यथा स्थितिः ॥”) स्थानम् । (दो छेदे + घञ् ।) खण्डनम् । इति शब्दरत्नावली ॥ लयः । इत्यजयपालः ॥ (ददा- तीति । दा + “श्याद्ब्यधेति ।” ३ । १ । १४१ । इति णः । दातरि, त्रि । इति व्याकरणम् ॥)
वाचस्पत्यम् सम्पाद्यताम्
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पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
दाय¦ दाने भ्वा॰ आत्म॰ सक॰ सेट्। दायते अदायिष्ट अदा-यिढ्वम् अदायिध्वम्। ऋदित् णिच् अददायत--त।
दाय¦ पु॰ दा--दाने भावे घञ्।
१ दाने
“मिथोदायः कृतोयेन गृहीतो मिथ एव वा। मिथ एव प्रदातव्यो यथादायस्तथा ग्रहः। अस्वामिना कृतो यस्तु दायो विक्रयएव वा” मनुः। दीङ्ंक्षये भावे धञ्।
२ लये अजयपालः
३ स्थाने मेदि॰। दो--खण्डने भावे घञ्।
४ खण्डने शब्द-रत्ना॰
५ सोल्लुण्ठनभाषणे मेदि॰। तस्य परोक्तस्य खण्ड-नरूपत्वात् तथात्वम्। दा--दाने कर्मणि घञ्।
६ देयेधनादौ
“ते तत्र विविधान् दायान् विजयार्थं नरेश्वराः” भा॰ आ॰
१८
४ अ॰।
“संस्थाः स्युश्चारसंस्थित्यै दत्त-दायाः शुभाशयाः” काम॰ नीति॰
“दायन्तु विविधं तस्मैशृणु मे गदतोऽनघ! यज्ञार्थं राजभिर्द्दत्तं महान्तं धनसञ्चयम्” भा॰ स॰
५१ अ॰।
७ विवाहकाले कन्यायै दीय-माने यौतुकादिधने कन्यादानकाले जामात्रादिभ्यो
८ देयेधने व्रतान्तभिक्षादौ समावृत्तब्रह्मचारिभ्यो
९ दीयमानेधने च
१० विभागार्हपित्रादिधने च दायभागशब्देदृश्यम्।
शब्दसागरः सम्पाद्यताम्
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पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
दाय (ऋ) दायृ¦ r. 1st cl. (दायते) To give. भ्वा० आ० सक० सेट् |
दाय¦ m. (-यः)
1. Gift, donation.
2. A special gift, as a nuptial present, alms to a student at his initiation, &c.
3. Portion, inheritance.
4. Loss, destruction.
5. Breaking, dividing.
6. A place, a site.
7. Irony. E. दा to give, in the passive form, affix ण; that which is given; or दो to cut, &c. that which is divided. or दाय् to give, affix कर्मणि भावे वा घञ् |
Apte सम्पाद्यताम्
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पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
दायः [dāyḥ], [दा भावे-घञ्]
A gift, present, donation; रहसि रमते प्रीत्या दायं ददात्यनुवर्तते Māl.3.2; प्रीतिदायः Māl.4; Ms.8.199.
A nuptial present (given to the bride or the bridegroom).
Share, portion, inheritance, patrimony; अनपत्यस्य पुत्रस्य माता दायमवाप्नुयात् Ms.9.217, 77,164,23.
A part or share in general.
Delivering, handing over.
Dividing, distributing.
Loss, destruction.
Irony.
Site, place.
Alms given to a student at his initiation, &c.
A relative or a kinsman; तेलङ्गदायसहिता निष्पेतुरहिते तदा Parṇāl.5. 79. -Comp. -अपवर्तनम् forfeiture of inheritance; Ms.9.79. -अर्ह a. claiming inheritance. -आदः [दायमादत्ते, आदा-क]
one entitled to a share of patrimony; an heir; पुमान् दायादो$दायादा स्त्री Nir.; Y.2.118; Ms.8.16.
a son; दितेर्द्वावेव दायादौ दैत्यदानववन्दितौ Bhāg.6.18.11.
a relative, kinsman, near or remote; स्थितः प्रास्तस्य दायादैर्भ्रातुर्ज्येष्ठस्य शासने Ki.11.45; a distant descendant; अयमिक्ष्वाकुदायादः Rām.1.6.2.
a claimant or pretender in general; गवां गोषु वा दायादः Sk.
आदा, दी an heiress.
a daughter.
आद्यम् inheritance; Ms.11. 184.
the state of being an inheritor. -कालः the time of the partition of an inheritance.
बन्धुः a partner in the inheritance.
a brother. -भागः division of property among heirs, partition (of inheritance); दायभागं निबोधत Ms.9.13. -विभागः division of property.-हरः a receiver of inheritance, an heir.
Monier-Williams सम्पाद्यताम्
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पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
दाय mfn. ( Pa1n2. 3-1 , 139 ; 141) giving , presenting(See. शत-, गो-)
दाय m. gift , present , donation MBh. R. etc.
दाय m. nuptial fee L. (See. सु-)
दाय m. gift at the ceremony of initiation W.
दाय m. handing over , delivery Mn. viii , 165
दाय n. game , play Pan5cad.
दाय m. share , portion , inheritance RV. TS. etc. ( दायाद् उपा-गत, obtained through inheritance , Mit. ; दायम् उपै-ति पितुस्, he obtains his father's inheritance Br. )
दाय m. division , part( ifc. = fold See. शत-)
दाय m. dismembering , destruction L.
दाय m. irony L.
दाय m. place , site L.
Vedic Index of Names and Subjects सम्पाद्यताम्
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पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
Dāya occurs in the Rigveda[१] only in the sense of ‘reward’ of exertion (śrama), but later it means ‘inheritance’--that is, a father's property which is to be divided among his sons either during his lifetime or after his death. The passages all negative the idea that the property of the family was legally family property: it is clear that it was the property of the head of the house, usually the father, and that the other members of the family only had moral claims upon it which the father could ignore, though he might be coerced by his sons if they were physically stronger.
Thus Manu is said in the Taittirīya Saṃhitā[२] to have divided his property among his sons. He omitted Nābhānediṣṭha, whom he afterwards taught how to appease the Aṅgirases, and to procure cows. This is a significant indication that the property he divided was movable property, rather than land (Urvarā). In the Aitareya Brāhmaṇa[३] the division is said to have been made during Manu's lifetime by his sons, who left only their aged father to Nābhānediṣṭha. According to the Jaiminīya Brāhmaṇa,[४] again, four sons divided the inheritance while their old father, Abhipratārin, was still alive. It is, of course, possible to regard Dāya as denoting the heritable property of the family, but the developed patria potestas of the father, which was early very marked, as shown by the legend of Śunaḥśepa, is inconsistent with the view that the sons were legally owners with their father, unless and until. they actually insisted on a division of the property.[५] Probably-there is no evidence of any decisive character--land was not divided at first, but no doubt its disposal began to follow the analogy of cattle and other movable property as soon as the available supply of arable land became limited.
As for the method of division, it is clear from the Taittirīya Saṃhitā[६] that the elder son was usually preferred; perhaps this was always the case after death. During the father's lifetime another might be preferred, as appears from a passage of the Pañcaviṃśa Brāhmaṇa.[७] Women were excluded from partition or inheritance, according to the Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa[८] and the Nirukta.[९] They were, no doubt, supported by their brothers; but if they had none they might be reduced to prostitution.[१०] Detailed rules of inheritance appear in the Sūtras.[११]
The heir is called Dayada,[१२] ‘receiver (ā-da) of inheritance.’
- ↑ x. 114, 10.
- ↑ iii. 1, 9, 4 et seq. Cf. Muir, Sanskrit Texts, 1^2, 191-194;
Lévi, La Doctrine du Sacrifice, 67, 68. - ↑ v. 14.
- ↑ iii. 156 (Journal of the American Oriental Society, 26, 61, 62).
- ↑ The same question has been raised as to the origin of English or Teutonic property in land generally. Against any idea even of family ownership in a strict sense of the word, see Fustel de Coulanges, Recherches sur quelques Problèmes d'Histoire, 322 et seq.;
Ashley, in Fustel de Coulanges, Origin of Property in Land, xvi-xxi;
Pollock and Maitland, History of English Law, 2, 237 et seq. The older view, which accepted family and communal ownership, represented in different forms by Maine (Village Communities in the East and West), Stubbs, Green, and others, is defended in a new form by Vinogradoff, Villanage in England. See also Keith, Journal of the African Society, 6, 201 et seq. Jolly, Recht und Sitte, 93-96, does not accept the communal ownership of land, but, ibid., 80, is inclined to believe in the joint ownership of a family. He admits that this is inconsistent with the strict rule of patria potestas, which still exists in Bengal;
Baden Powell, Village Communities in India, 133 et seq., doubts the existence in early India of such a patria potestas. But the facts seem clearly to show that there was such a power, and that the father owned the property. His sons, as they grew up, came to claim the property, and he might have to divide it;
hence the idea naturally developed that every child on birth had a legal share in the property. No doubt also from the first the right to part with land was one which grown-up sons and the rest of the community could object to, once the village had acquired a fixed existence. This would account adequately for the later system. Cf. also pp. 100, n. 19;
336, n. 7, and Rājanya. - ↑ ii. 5, 2, 7.
- ↑ xvi. 4, 4.
- ↑ iv. 4, 2, 13.
- ↑ iii. 4.
- ↑ Cf. Ztrī.
- ↑ Inheritance is also alluded to in the Aitareya Brāhmaṇa, vii. 17;
Śāṅkhāyana Śrauta Sūtra, xv. 27, 3;
Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa, i. 7, 2, 22;
iii. 2, 1, 18. For the Sūtra rules, see Jolly, Recht und Sitte, 80 et seq. - ↑ Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa, xii. 4, 3, 9;
Nirukta, iii. 4;
metaphorically, Av. v. 18, 6, 14.