सिन्धु

यन्त्रोपारोपितकोशांशः

कल्पद्रुमः

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

सिन्धु वारः, पुं, (सिन्धु मपि वृणोति गत्येति ॥ वृ + अण् ।) हयोत्तमः । इति त्रिकाण्डशेषः ॥ (सिन्धुं मदजलमपि वारयति तिरस्करोति तिक्तरसेन । वृ + णिच् + अण् ।) सिन्धुवार- वृक्षः । इत्यमरः । २ । ४ । ६८ ॥ यथा, -- “विसुन्धकः सिन्धु वारः सिन्धुकं सुरसोऽपि च । तथेन्द्रसुरसस्त्विन्द्रसुरिसः सिन्धु वारितः । निर्गुण्डीन्द्राणिकेन्द्राणी सुरसा सिन्धुवारकः ॥” इति शब्दरत्नावली ॥ अस्य गुणाः । “सिन्धुवारो विषश्लेष्मव्रणकुष्ठक्षयापहः ।” इति राजवल्लभः ॥

अमरकोशः

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

सिन्धु पुं।

समुद्रः

समानार्थक:समुद्र,अब्धि,अकूपार,पारावार,सरित्पति,उदन्वत्,उदधि,सिन्धु,सरस्वत्,सागर,अर्णव,रत्नाकर,जलनिधि,यादःपति,अपाम्पति

1।10।1।2।3

समुद्रोऽब्धिरकूपारः पारावारः सरित्पतिः। उदन्वानुदधिः सिन्धुः सरस्वान्सागरोऽर्णवः॥

अवयव : तरङ्गः,महातरङ्गः,अब्ध्यम्बुविकृतिः

 : समुद्रविशेषः, क्षारसमुद्रः

पदार्थ-विभागः : , द्रव्यम्, पृथ्वी, अचलनिर्जीवः, स्थानम्, प्राकृतिकस्थानम्

सिन्धु स्त्री।

नदी

समानार्थक:नदी,सरित्,तरङ्गिणी,शैवलिनी,तटिनी,ह्रादिनी,धुनी,स्रोतस्विनी,द्वीपवती,स्रवन्ती,निम्नगा,आपगा,कूलङ्कषा,निर्झरिणी,रोधोवक्रा,सरस्वती,भोगवती,सिन्धु,वाहिनी

3।3।101।1।1

देशे नदविशेषेऽब्धौ सिन्धुर्ना सरिति स्त्रियाम्. विधा विधौ प्रकारे च साधू रम्येऽपि च त्रिषु॥

 : देवगङ्गा, नरकस्थ_नदी, गङ्गा, यमुना, नर्मदा, गौरीविवाहे_कन्यादानोदकाज्जातनदी, कार्तवीर्यावतारित_नदी, शतद्रुः, पापमोचिनी, नदविशेषः, कृत्रिमस्वल्पनदी, शरावती_नदी, वेत्रवती_नदी, चन्द्रभागा_नदी, सरस्वती_नदी, कावेरी_नदी, नदीसङ्गमः, नदीभेदः

पदार्थ-विभागः : , द्रव्यम्, पृथ्वी, अचलनिर्जीवः, स्थानम्, प्राकृतिकस्थानम्

सिन्धु पुं।

नदविशेषः

समानार्थक:शोण,हिरण्यवाह,सरस्वत्,सिन्धु

3।3।101।1।1

देशे नदविशेषेऽब्धौ सिन्धुर्ना सरिति स्त्रियाम्. विधा विधौ प्रकारे च साधू रम्येऽपि च त्रिषु॥

पदार्थ-विभागः : , द्रव्यम्, पृथ्वी, अचलनिर्जीवः, स्थानम्, प्राकृतिकस्थानम्

सिन्धु पुं।

देशः

समानार्थक:सिन्धु

3।3।101।1।1

देशे नदविशेषेऽब्धौ सिन्धुर्ना सरिति स्त्रियाम्. विधा विधौ प्रकारे च साधू रम्येऽपि च त्रिषु॥

पदार्थ-विभागः : , द्रव्यम्, पृथ्वी, अचलनिर्जीवः, स्थानम्, प्राकृतिकस्थानम्

वाचस्पत्यम्

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

सिन्धु¦ पु॰ स्यन्द--उ सम्प्रसारणं दस्य धश्च।

१ समुद्रे अमरः

२ रक्तचेलिलतायां

३ नदभेदे मेदि॰

४ गजमदे हेमच॰।

५ सिन्धुवारवृक्षे शब्दच॰।

६ श्वेतटङ्कणे राजनि॰।

७ रागभेदे सङ्गीत॰।

८ नद्यां स्त्री मेदि॰

९ नदीभेदेराजनि॰।
“शतद्रोर्विपाशायुजः सिन्धुनद्याः सुशीतंलघु स्वादु सर्वामयघ्नम्। जलं निर्मलं दीपनं पाचनञ्चप्रदत्ते बलं बुद्धिमेधायुषञ्च” राजनि॰ तज्जलगुणाः।

१० नैरृतीस्थे देशभेदे पु॰ कूर्मविभागशब्दे

२१

६

८ पृ॰ दृश्यम्। सोऽभिजनोऽस्य तस्य राजा वा अण्। सैन्धव पित्रादि-क्रमेण तद्देशवासिनि तन्नृपे च। बहुषु अणो लुक्।

शब्दसागरः

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

सिन्धु¦ m. (-न्धुः)
1. The ocean, the sea.
2. The Indus.
3. The country along the INDUS or SINDH.
4. The juice that exudes from an ele- phant's temples.
5. An elephant.
6. A division of a Ra4ga or musical mode.
7. A small tree, (Vitex negundo.) f. (-न्धुः) A river in general. E. स्यन्द् to trickle or flow, उ Una4di aff., the form irr.

Apte

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

सिन्धुः [sindhuḥ], [स्यन्द्-द्-अद् संप्रसारणं दस्य धश्च Tv.; Uṇ.1.11]

The sea, ocean; तावत् त्रिभुवनं सद्यः कल्पान्तैधितसिन्धवः Bhāg. 3.11.3.

The Indus.

The country around the Indus.

N. of a river in Mālavā; वेणीभूतप्रतनुसलिला तामतीतस्य सिन्धुः Me.29 (where Malli.'s remark सिन्धुर्नाम नदी तु कुत्रापि नास्ति is gratuitous); पारासिन्धुसंभेदमवगाह्य नगरी- मेव प्रविशावः Māl.4. 9/1 (see Dr. Bhāndārkar's note ad loc.).

The water ejected from an elephant's trunk.

The juice exuding from the temples of an elephant.

An elephant.

N. of Varuṇa.

White borax.

A kind of musical mode (राग). -pl. The inhabitants of the Sindhu country. -f.

A great river or river in general; पिबत्यसौ पाययते च सिन्धूः R.13.9; Me.48; Ś.5.21; Ku.3.6;5.85.

The river Sindhu. -Comp. -उत्थम्, -उपलम् rock-salt. -कन्या N. of Lakshmī -कफः cuttle-fish bone. -खेलः the country Sindha. -ज, -जन्मन्a.

aquatic.

river-born.

Sea-born, born in theSindha country. (-जः) the moon. (-जम्) rock-salt.-जा f. N. of Lakṣmī. -नन्दनः, -पुत्रः the moon. -नाथः the ocean. -पर्णी, -वेषणम् Gmelina Arborea (Mar. थोरशिवणी). -पिबः N. of Agastya. -पुष्पः a conch-shell.-मन्थजम् rock-salt. -राजः, -पतिः N. of Jayadratha; Ve.3. -लवणम् rock-salt. -वारः a horse of good breed (brought from Sindha or Persia). -शयनः N. of Viṣṇu.-सङ्गमः confluence of rivers; (also with the ocean).-सागरः the country between the mouths of the Indus and the sea. -सौवीराः N. of a people inhabiting the country round the Indus.

Monier-Williams

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

सिन्धु m. and f. (prob. fr. 1. सिध्, " to go ") a river , stream ( esp. the इन्दुs , and in this sense said to be the only river regarded as m. See. -नद, col. 2) RV. etc.

सिन्धु m. flood , waters (also in the sky) RV. AV.

सिन्धु m. ocean , sea RV. etc.

सिन्धु m. a symbolical term for the number 4(See. 1. समुद्र) Gan2it.

सिन्धु m. N. of वरुण(as god of the ocean) MW.

सिन्धु m. the moisture of the lips Kum.

सिन्धु m. water ejected from an elephant's trunk(= वमथु) L.

सिन्धु m. the exudation from an elephant's temples L.

सिन्धु m. the country around the इन्दुs (commonly called Sindh ; pl. " the inhabitants of Sindh ") MBh. Ka1v. etc.

सिन्धु m. a king of Sindh (?) Cat.

सिन्धु m. N. of विष्णुRV. MBh.

सिन्धु m. white or refined borax(= श्वेत-टङ्कण) L.

सिन्धु m. = सिन्धुकL.

सिन्धु m. (in music) a partic. राग, Sam2gi1tas.

सिन्धु m. N. of a king of the गन्धर्वs R.

सिन्धु m. of a serpent-demon Buddh.

सिन्धु m. of various men Ra1jat.

Purana index

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

(I)--a R. in भारत vars2a: The region round about fell into the hands of व्रात्यस् and others; फलकम्:F1:  भा. V. १९. १८; XII. 1. ३९; वा. ४५. ९७.फलकम्:/F a महानदी: falls into the western ocean: fit for श्राद्ध. फलकम्:F2:  Ib. ४७. ३९; ६९. २४१; ७७. ५६, ११३; १०८. ७९.फलकम्:/F

(II)--(च्)। Its king was Jayadratha, who was a contemporary of जरासन्ध: was stationed on the east of Gomanta during the siege. भा. X. ५२. ११ [6]. [page३-601+ ३२]

(III)--a क्षेत्रम् in प्रयागा. M. ११०. 1.

(IV)--one of the three branches of the गन्गा from the पारियात्र hill flowing to the north; फलकम्:F1:  M. ११४. २०; १२१. ४०; Br. II. १६. २४, २७.फलकम्:/F in the chariot of त्रिपुरारि; फलकम्:F2:  M. १३३. २३; १६३. ६२.फलकम्:/F flows through the kingdoms of Darada, काश्मीर, गान्धार and others: falls into the western ocean; फलकम्:F3:  Br. II. १८. ४१, ४६-7; III. १३. १२१.फलकम्:/F noted for Padma elephants; फलकम्:F4:  Ib. III. 7. ३५८.फलकम्:/F north and south of, unfit for श्राद्ध; फलकम्:F5:  Ib. III. १४. ३३ and ८१.फलकम्:/F confluence of, with the sea holy. फलकम्:F6:  Ib. III. १३. ५७.फलकम्:/F

Purana Encyclopedia

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

Sindhu : m., f.: Name of a river.


A. Location: In the west (2. 29. 2, 8); listed twice by Saṁjaya among the rivers of the Bhāratavarṣa; people used its water for drinking 6. 10. 13, 20; the river Gaṅgā, after descending from Brahmaloka, was first established on the Hiraṇyaśṛṅga mountain; from there it began to flow in seven streams, of which Sindhu was the seventh (tatra tripathagā devī…saptadhā pratipadyate/…sindhuś ca saptamī) 6. 7. 44-45; the Bāhlīka (Āraṭṭa) country lies within the region of the five rivers with Sindhu as the sixth flowing through it (pañcānāṁ sindhuṣaṣṭhānāṁ nadīnāṁ ye 'ntarāśritāḥ/tān…bāhlīkān parivarjayet) 8. 30. 11; (sindhuṣaṣṭhā bahirgatāḥ//āraṭṭā nāma te deśāḥ) 8. 30. 35-36; (pañca nadyo vahanty etā yatra niḥsṛtya parvatāt/āraṭṭā nāma bāhlīkāḥ) 8. 30. 43; the rivers which flow through the Kāśmīramaṇḍala reach Sindhu (kāśmīramaṇḍale nadyo yāḥ patanti mahānadam/tā nadīḥ sindhum āsādya) 13. 26. 8.


B. Description: Characterized as a great Nada (mahānada) 13. 26. 8 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 13. 25. 8: nadaṁ sindhum); (nadasya mahataḥ) 1. 89. 35; all the rivers, including Sindhu, who wait upon god Śiva are described as auspicious (śivāḥ) 13. 134. 22; very holy (puṇyatamāḥ) 13. 134. 22; excellent rivers (saridvarāḥ) 13. 134. 14; (saritāṁ varāḥ) 13. 134. 19; (saricchreṣṭhāḥ) 13. 134. 22; having the waters of all tīrthas (sarvatīrthodakair yutāḥ) 13. 134. 12; and expert in the knowledge of duties of women (strīdharmakuśalāḥ) 13. 134. 19; the source (prabhava) of the river Sindhu is frequented by the Siddhas and Gandharvas (siddhagandharvasevita) 3. 82. 41; all the rivers listed by Saṁjaya are described as mothers of the universe and very strong 6. 10. 35 (for citalion see Atikṛṣṇā ).


C. Holiness:

(1) By staying for five nights at the source of Sindhu one gets much gold (sindhoś ca prabhavaṁ gatvā…/tatroṣya rajanīḥ pañca vindyād bahu suvarṇakam) 3. 82. 41;

(2) In the Tīrthavaṁśa proclaimed by Aṅgiras to Gautama it is said that one who has a good character if he reaches the rivers which meet Sindhu and also Sindhu he goes to heaven (tā nadīḥ sindhum āsādya śīlavān svargam āpnuyāt) 13. 26. 8;

(3) There is the tīrtha of Salilarāja (Varuṇa) at the place where Sindhu meets the ocean (sāgarasya ca sindhoś ca saṁgamaṁ prāpya) 3. 80. 85.


D. Epic events:

(1) Nakula, in his expedition to the west before the Rājasūya, subjugated the powerful Grāmaṇeyas (?) who lived along the banks of Sindhu (sindhukūlāśritā ye ca grāmaṇeyā mahābalāḥ) 2. 29. 8;

(2) Those who lived along the river Sindhu brought various kinds of tribute to Yudhiṣṭhira for Rājasūya (parisindhu ca mānavāḥ/…vividhaṁ balim ādāya…dvāri tiṣṭhanti vāritāḥ) 2. 47. 911;

(3) Yudhiṣṭhira staked whatever wealth that belonged to different castes (?), in their order, and who lived to the east of Sindhu (yat kiṁcid anuvarṇānām prāk sindhor api saubala/etan mama dhanaṁ rājan) 2. 58. 5.


E. Past events:

(1) King Saṁvaraṇa, when attacked and defeated by Pāñcālya, fled with his family members, ministers and friends and took shelter in a thicket (nikuñja) of the Sindhunada, in the region of the river near the mountain; the Bhāratas lived there for a long time taking resort to the inaccessible land (sindhor nadasya mahato nikuñje nyavasat tadā/ nadīviṣayaparyante parvatasya samīpataḥ/ tatrāvasan bahūn kālān bhāratā durgam āśritāḥ//) 1. 89. 33-35;

(2) Mārkaṇḍeya saw Sindhu, among other rivers, in the belly of the Bāla (3. 186. 83 = Nārāyaṇa 3. 187. 3) 3. 186. 94.


F. Importance:

(1) Sindhu is one of the rivers which wait upon Varuṇa in his Sabhā 2. 9. 19;

(2) Finds mention in the Daivata-Ṛṣi-Vaṁśa 13. 151. 14, 2.


G. Limitation: Sindhu is not included among the rivers which are declared as mothers of fire-hearths, i. e. on the banks of which sacrifices were performed (sindhuvarjaṁ pañcanadyaḥ…etā nadyas tu dhiṣṇyānāṁ mātaro yāḥ prakīrtitāḥ) 3. 212. 21, 24 (for Nī. See Kapilā ).


H. Simile:

(1) Successful emerging of Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna out of the army led by Droṇa (7. 76. 23) compared to crossing Sindhu and other five rivers swollen with water at the end of summer (bāhubhyām iva saṁtīrṇau sindhuṣaṣṭhāḥ samudragāḥ/tapānte saritaḥ pūrṇāḥ) 7. 76. 28 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 7. 101. 28: sindhuḥ ṣaṣṭho yāsāṁ tāś ca śatadruvipāśerāvatīcandrabhāgāvitastāḥ);

(2) The army of the Pāṇḍavas encountering Śalya was checked like the current of Sindhu encountering a mountain (sindhor vega ivācalam) 9. 9. 6.


I. Bad omens: Among the bad omens which occurred when Kṛṣṇa left for Hāstinapura is mentioned one according to which great rivers among whom Sindhu was the foremost, flowing eastwards, began to flow in the opposite direction (pratyag ūhur mahānadyaḥ prāṅmukhāḥ sindhusattamāḥ) 5. 82. 6 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 5. 84. 6: pratyak pratīpam ūhuḥ pravāhaṁ kṛtavatyaḥ; or does sindhu here mean ‘river’ ?). [See Sindhūttama, Salilarājasya tīrtham ]


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Sindhu, Saindhava : m. (pl.): Name of a Janapada and its people; also called Rāṣṭra 8. 4. 11, Viṣaya 14. 76. 2, and Deśa 6. 10. 68; 7. 53. 47; 8. 27. 91; very often mentioned along with Sauvīras.


A. Location: Listed twice by Saṁjaya, among the northern Janapadas of Bhāratavarṣa (ata ūrdhavaṁ janapadān nibodha) 6. 10. 37, 5; once, along with Sauvīras (kāśmīrāḥ sindhusauvīrā…) 6. 10. 52, and then, with Pulindakas (bhojāḥ sindhupulindakāḥ) 6. 10. 39.


B. Description of the country, its warriors, and characteristics of the people and horses: (a) country: sinful (pāpadeśa) 7. 53. 47; 8. 27. 91; (b) Warriors: brave (śūra) 7. 85. 73; fighting with curved prāsas (nakharaprāsayodhin) 7. 85. 73; 12. 102. 3; arrogant in battles (yudhadurmada) 14. 77. 9; Arjuna described Sindhu warriors as doing sinful acts in battles (pāpācārā raṇājire) 7. 53. 48; (c) People:

(1) They ate rice cooked in milk (sarvakṣīrānnabhoktāraḥ) 7. 53. 48; Madrakas, Sindhus and Sauvīras, according to Karṇa, were mlecchas born in sinful countries and hence incapable of discerning what was proper dharma (madrakāḥ sindhusauvīrā dharmaṁ vidyuḥ kathaṁ tv iha/pāpadeśodbhavā mlecchā dharmāṇāṁ avicakṣaṇāḥ) 8. 27. 91;

(2) A certain Brāhmaṇa told Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the assembly of the Kurus (8. 30. 7-8, 41) that in the opinion of a certain Rākṣasī (rākṣasī kācid abravīt) Vasātis, Sindhus and Sauvīras were, in general, contemptible (vasātisindhusauvīrā iti prāyo vikutsitāḥ) 8. 30. 46-47;

(3) Sindhu country was the principal one among the ten rāṣṭras which were under the control of Jayadratha (sindhurāṣṭramukhānīha daśa rāṣṭrāṇi yasya vai/vaśe tiṣṭhanti vīrasya) 8. 4. 11; (d) The Sindhu horses yoked to the chariot of Jayadratha were obedient to the charioteer; they drew the chariot well, moving in different directions; were large and speedy like wind (…sārather vaśyāḥ saindhavāḥ sādhuvāhinaḥ/vikurvāṇā bṛhanto 'śvāḥ śvasanopamaraṁhasaḥ//) 7. 42. 2; the horses of the Sindhu country which were chosen by Bāhuka (Nala) to go to the Vidarbha country were endowed with energy and strength, were of noble breed and good temper, free from interior marks, of broad nostrils and large jaws, blameless as they were free from ten curls, and having the speed of wind; though lean they were capable (of going long distances) and enduring on roads (tejobalasamāyuktān kulaśīlasamanvitān/varjitāĩ lakṣaṇair hīnaiḥ pṛthuprothān mahāhanūn/ śuddhān daśabhir āvartaiḥ sindhujān vātaraṁhasaḥ//; kṛśān aśvān samarthān adhvani kṣamān) 3. 69. 12, 11, 17 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 3. 71. 13-14 (sīlaṁ sādicittānusāritā hīnair lakṣaṇaiḥ śatapadīprabhṛtibhir varjitān/prothaṁ nāsikā/hanuḥ adharaṁ mukhaphalakam/śuddhān hradāvartādiduṣṭāvartahīnān sindhujān sindhudeśajān/).


C. Epic events:

(1) The kings of Saindhavas, subdued by Pāṇḍavas, attended the Rājasūya of Yudhiṣṭhira and acted as servers (yatra sarvān mahīpālān śastratejobhayārditān/…saindhavāṁs tathā/…yajñe te pariveṣakān//) 3. 48. 18, 21-22;

(2) Jayadratha suggested to Draupadī to abandon Pāṇḍavas who had lost their kingdom and marry him so that she could, along with him, rule over the entire Sindhu and Suvīra countries (akhilān sindhusauvīrān avāpnuhi mayā saha) 3. 251. 18; the warriors of the Śibi, Sindhu and Trigarta countries were dejected to see Pāṇḍavas fighting with them 3. 255. 3; Arjuna killed the Saindhavas who happened to come within the range of his arrows (trigartān saindhavān api/jaghāna…bāṇagocaram āgatān) 3. 255. 28; when Jayadratha fled, Arjuna asked Bhīma not to kill any longer Saindhava warriors (vārayām āsa nighnantaṁ bhīmaṁ saindhavasainikān) 3. 255. 36; the inmates of the āśrama were delighted to see Yudhiṣṭhira return with abducted Draupadī after defeating the Sindhu and Sauvīra armies (jitvā tān sindhusauvī rān) 3. 255. 50;

(3) Jayadratha, of the Sindhu country, joined the army of Duryodhana (jayadrathamukhāś cānye sindhusauvī ravāsinaḥ) 5. 19. 19:

(4) Before the start of the war, the Kṣatriyas of the Sindhu country and others, headed by Bhīṣma, stood in the front position of the army (bhīṣmo 'grataḥ sarvasainyasya vṛddhaḥ…kṣatriyā ye ca sindhau) 6. 20. 9-10;

(5) On the second day of war, Sindhu warriors and Sauvīras (sindhusauvīrāḥ), led by Śakuni, protected Droṇa who was behind Bhīṣma in the Mahāvyūha of Kauravas 6. 47. 10, 14;

(6) On the third day, Sindhu warriors and Sauvīras (sindhusauvīrāḥ) were posted at the ‘neck’ position (grivāyām) of the Garuḍavyūha of Kauravas 6. 52. 2-3, 5;

(7) On the eighth dav, Irāvān, son of Arjuna, attacked the Kaurava army with horses of different countries some of them being those from the Sindhu country (vājinām/ …sindhujānāṁ ca sarvaśaḥ); the horses were swift like wind (hayair vātajavair…) 6. 86. 3, 5-6;

(8) On the thirteeenth day, Arjuna assured Kṛṣṇa that he would kill the next day the Saindhava warriors along with their kings (mayā sarājakā bāṇair nunnā naṁkṣyanti saindhavāḥ) 7. 53. 48;

(9) On the fourteenth day, Yudhiṣṭhira pointed out to Sātyaki that Arjuna, proceeding towards Jayadratha, was encircled by the Sindhu warriors and Sauvīras (saṁvṛtaḥ sindhusauvīraiḥ) 7. 85. 73; Sātyaki told Yudhiṣṭhira that Saindhavas were no match for Arjuna (saindhavapauravāḥ/…ete 'rjunasya kruddhasya kalāṁ nārhanti ṣoḍaśīm) 7. 86. 28-29; on that day the Kaurava army which included Sindhu warriors and Sauvīras ran helterskelter since they were being killed by the arrows of Bhīma and Karṇa fighting each other (tato vyudastaṁ tat sainyaṁ sindhusauvīrakauravam); they ran away from them in all directions; the earth was covered with their bodies along with their armours, arrows and banners; when Karṇa saw the destruction of the Kurus Sauvīras and Saindhavas he was ablaze with anger (dṛṣṭvā ca kurusauvī rasaindhavānāṁ balakṣayam) 7. 113. 11-14; 7. 114. 17-18;

(10) During the night war (fourteenth-fifteenth day) all Saindhavas and others, afraid, (simply) watched Karṇa who alone could withstand the shower of weapons released at him by Ghaṭotkaca; they respected his composure in battle (asaṁmohaṁ pūjayanto'sya saṁkhye) 7. 154. 45;

(11) After the war, the women of Sindhu, Sauvīra and other countries kept a watch on the dead body of Jayadratha (sindhusauvī ragāndhārakāmbojayavanastriyaḥ) 11. 22. 11;

(12) When Arjuna reached the Sindhu country along with Aśvamedha horse, the warriors and their kings fought a fierce battle with him; they encircled Arjuna so that he looked like a bird moving in a cage (koṣṭhakīkṛtya kaunteyam…ayodhayan/sa…dadṛśe …pañjarāntarasaṁcārī śakunta iva…//) 14. 76. 10, 13; Arjuna swooned for a while due to the shower of the arrows of Sindhu fighters (saindhavāḥ) 14. 76. 21-23; when he recovered, he started showering arrows so that the Saindhava warriors and their kings could not be seen; the Saindhavas were afraid due to the sound (of the bow); they ran, wept due to sorrow and lay down on the ground; the army (of Saindhavas) was thus torn by Arjuna (tatas te saindhavā yodhāḥ sarva eva sarājakāḥ/nādṛśyanta śaraiḥ kīrṇāḥ…// tasya śabdena vitresur bhayārtāś ca vidudruvaḥ/mumucuś cāśruśokārtāḥ suṣupuś cāpi saindhavāḥ//…sainyaṁ vidārya) 14. 76. 28-29, 32; the Saindhava warriors were once again ready to fight with Arjuna and they showered arrows at him; Arjuna told them that he would not kill them if they surrundered; but Saindhava warriors continued to shoot arrows; the kings of the Sindhu country remembering the death of Jayadratha threw prāsas and śaktis on Arjuna; he cut off their missiles before they reached him; the warriors, desirous of victory, continued their attack (āpatatāṁ teṣāṁ yodhānāṁ jayagṛddhinām) 14. 77. 18; Arjuna cut off their heads; they ran away but returned and although they were being killed they fought with Arjuna according to their vigour and energy (yathāprāṇaṁ yathotsāhaṁ yodhayām āsur arjunam) most of them, whose horses were tired, swooned (kṛtā visaṁjñā bhūyiṣṭhāḥ klāntavāhanasainikāḥ); knowing their plight, Duḥśalā, daughter of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, took her grandson with her and approached Arjuna wishing peace for the surviving warriors (śāntyarthaṁ sarvayodhānām; śamārthaṁ sarvayodhānām); she requested him to cease fighting with Saindhavas (śamaṁ gaccha dhanaṁjaya); thus Arjuna defeated Saindhava warriors 14. 77. 2-43.


D. Past event: Vidurā exhorted her son not to let himself be dispirited and be under the control of the maidens of Sindhu country (mā ca saindhavakanyānām avasanno vaśaṁ gamaḥ) 5. 132. 32; she told him that she would honour him if he was able to kill all Saindhava warriors (atha tvāṁ pūjayiṣyāmi hatvā vai sarvasaindhavān) 5. 133. 19.


E. Some persons, especially Jayadratha, referred to as belonging to Sindhu, king of the Sindhu country:


A. King, ruler of the Sindhu country: (a) sindhūnām īśvaraḥ: Jayadratha 7. 53. 11; (b) sindhupati;

(1) Jayadratha 3. 251. 7 (sindhūnāṁ patiḥ); 6. 17. 31; 7. 24. 11; 7. 69. 15-16; 7. 121. 26; 9. 53. 23;

(2) Vṛddhakṣatra 7. 41. 13; (c) sindhuº ºbhartṛ: Jayadratha 11. 22. 9; (d) (i) sindhurāj: Jayadratha 7. 53. 27; (ii) sindhurāja:

(1) Jayadratha 1. 108. 18; 3. 251. 19; 3. 253. 26; 3. 255. 32; 5. 49. 19; 5. 54. 42; 5. 162. 30; 6. 109. 20; 7. 13. 67, 71; 7. 33. 18-20; 7. 41. 10, 14; 7. 42. 1, 15; 7. 53. 1, 5, 9, 33, 36; 7. 54. 26; 7. 56. 8, 13; 7. 63. 16, 20; 7. 66. 1; 7. 69. 1; 7. 75. 27; 7. 76. 11, 14, 18, 32, 36, 41; 7. 80. 20; 7. 87. 39; 7. 89. 17, 43; 7. 105. 4, 10; 7. 115. 5; 7. 120. 79; 7. 121. 14, 36, 41; 7. 126. 1, 22, 26; 7. 127. 9; 7. 158. 18; 8. 51. 45; 14. 76. 11;

(2) Vṛddhakṣatra 7. 121. 21;

(3) not named 5. 131. 4; 5. 132. 4; (iii) sindhurājan: Jayadratha 7. 66. 6; 7. 126. 20; (sindhūnāṁ rājā) 3. 248. 6, 11;


B. Related to Sindhu country: (a) saindhava:

(1) Jayadratha 1. 1. 134-135, 140; 1. 177. 19; 2. 31. 8; 3. 255. 1, 4, 7, 43, 45, 47, 53, 55-57, 59; 3. 276. 8; 3. 294. 42; 4. 5. 21; 4. 17. 4; 5. 56. 15; 5. 64. 7; 5. 93. 20; 5. 140. 14; 5. 152. 28; 5. 161. 6; 5. 196. 6; 6. 43. 52; 6. 53. 25; 6. 55. 131; 6. 67. 19; 6. 68. 3; 6. 77. 2; 6. 81. 10; 6. 87. 27; 6. 90. 13; 6. 95. 27; 6. 96. 15; 6. 104. 55; 6. 109. 1, 6, 10, 13, 15, 17, 35; 6. 110. 2, 21; 6. 112. 40-42; 6. 114. 14; 7. 6. 2; 7. 13. 58; 7. 24. 10, 12; 7. 40. 10; 7. 41. 8-9, 20; 7. 42. 17-19; 7. 43. 1; 7. 45. 20; 7. 46. 5; 7. 52. 3, 18-20, 33; 7. 53. 2, 6, 18, 39, 44, 46; 7. 54. 18, 20; 7. 56. 12; 7. 57. 11, 15; 7. 58. 18; 7. 59. 21; 7. 60. 21, 29, 31; 7. 61. 6; 7. 63. 15; 7. 69. 18; 7. 70. 48-49, 51; 7. 74. 3, 34, 36; 7. 75. 28, 30; 7. 76. 16, 34-35; 7. 78. 40; 7. 79. 31; 7. 81. 1; 7. 85. 36, 78; 7. 86. 15, 17; 7. 87. 13, 32, 72; 7. 89. 27; 7. 95. 10; 7. 98. 2; 7. 102. 34, 48; 7. 103. 25, 42; 7. 105. 1, 13-14, 18^2-19; 7. 106. 37; 7. 115. 4, 6; 7. 116. 29-30; 7. 117. 61; 7. 118. 35; 7. 120. 8, 13, 20, 26-27, 37, 40, 43, 47, 49, 57, 81; 7. 121. 10, 13^2, 16-17^2, 31-32, 43, 46-47; 7. 122. 1-2, 27, 35; 7. 124. 3; 7. 125. 1, 6; 7. 126. 21, 28; 7. 127. 3, 8, 14; 7. 128. 12; 7. 129. 5; 7. 147. 3; 7. 157. 32; 7. 158. 14, 40, 43, 46; 7. 170. 33; 8. 51. 13, 44; 10. 3. 32; 10. 9. 44; 11. 25. 29; 12. 16. 19; 14. 12. 9; 14. 51. 20; 14. 76. 9;

(2) Vṛddhakṣatra 7. 41. 6; (b) saindhavaka: Jayadratha 3. 255. 42; 6. 43. 52; 7. 51. 9; 7. 53. 47-48; 7. 60. 28; 7. 103. 44-45; 7. 120. 18; 7. 121. 48;


C. The wretched of the Saindhavas: saindhavāpasada: Jayadratha 15. 17. 5.


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Mahabharata Cultural Index

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

Sindhu : m., f.: Name of a river.


A. Location: In the west (2. 29. 2, 8); listed twice by Saṁjaya among the rivers of the Bhāratavarṣa; people used its water for drinking 6. 10. 13, 20; the river Gaṅgā, after descending from Brahmaloka, was first established on the Hiraṇyaśṛṅga mountain; from there it began to flow in seven streams, of which Sindhu was the seventh (tatra tripathagā devī…saptadhā pratipadyate/…sindhuś ca saptamī) 6. 7. 44-45; the Bāhlīka (Āraṭṭa) country lies within the region of the five rivers with Sindhu as the sixth flowing through it (pañcānāṁ sindhuṣaṣṭhānāṁ nadīnāṁ ye 'ntarāśritāḥ/tān…bāhlīkān parivarjayet) 8. 30. 11; (sindhuṣaṣṭhā bahirgatāḥ//āraṭṭā nāma te deśāḥ) 8. 30. 35-36; (pañca nadyo vahanty etā yatra niḥsṛtya parvatāt/āraṭṭā nāma bāhlīkāḥ) 8. 30. 43; the rivers which flow through the Kāśmīramaṇḍala reach Sindhu (kāśmīramaṇḍale nadyo yāḥ patanti mahānadam/tā nadīḥ sindhum āsādya) 13. 26. 8.


B. Description: Characterized as a great Nada (mahānada) 13. 26. 8 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 13. 25. 8: nadaṁ sindhum); (nadasya mahataḥ) 1. 89. 35; all the rivers, including Sindhu, who wait upon god Śiva are described as auspicious (śivāḥ) 13. 134. 22; very holy (puṇyatamāḥ) 13. 134. 22; excellent rivers (saridvarāḥ) 13. 134. 14; (saritāṁ varāḥ) 13. 134. 19; (saricchreṣṭhāḥ) 13. 134. 22; having the waters of all tīrthas (sarvatīrthodakair yutāḥ) 13. 134. 12; and expert in the knowledge of duties of women (strīdharmakuśalāḥ) 13. 134. 19; the source (prabhava) of the river Sindhu is frequented by the Siddhas and Gandharvas (siddhagandharvasevita) 3. 82. 41; all the rivers listed by Saṁjaya are described as mothers of the universe and very strong 6. 10. 35 (for citalion see Atikṛṣṇā ).


C. Holiness:

(1) By staying for five nights at the source of Sindhu one gets much gold (sindhoś ca prabhavaṁ gatvā…/tatroṣya rajanīḥ pañca vindyād bahu suvarṇakam) 3. 82. 41;

(2) In the Tīrthavaṁśa proclaimed by Aṅgiras to Gautama it is said that one who has a good character if he reaches the rivers which meet Sindhu and also Sindhu he goes to heaven (tā nadīḥ sindhum āsādya śīlavān svargam āpnuyāt) 13. 26. 8;

(3) There is the tīrtha of Salilarāja (Varuṇa) at the place where Sindhu meets the ocean (sāgarasya ca sindhoś ca saṁgamaṁ prāpya) 3. 80. 85.


D. Epic events:

(1) Nakula, in his expedition to the west before the Rājasūya, subjugated the powerful Grāmaṇeyas (?) who lived along the banks of Sindhu (sindhukūlāśritā ye ca grāmaṇeyā mahābalāḥ) 2. 29. 8;

(2) Those who lived along the river Sindhu brought various kinds of tribute to Yudhiṣṭhira for Rājasūya (parisindhu ca mānavāḥ/…vividhaṁ balim ādāya…dvāri tiṣṭhanti vāritāḥ) 2. 47. 911;

(3) Yudhiṣṭhira staked whatever wealth that belonged to different castes (?), in their order, and who lived to the east of Sindhu (yat kiṁcid anuvarṇānām prāk sindhor api saubala/etan mama dhanaṁ rājan) 2. 58. 5.


E. Past events:

(1) King Saṁvaraṇa, when attacked and defeated by Pāñcālya, fled with his family members, ministers and friends and took shelter in a thicket (nikuñja) of the Sindhunada, in the region of the river near the mountain; the Bhāratas lived there for a long time taking resort to the inaccessible land (sindhor nadasya mahato nikuñje nyavasat tadā/ nadīviṣayaparyante parvatasya samīpataḥ/ tatrāvasan bahūn kālān bhāratā durgam āśritāḥ//) 1. 89. 33-35;

(2) Mārkaṇḍeya saw Sindhu, among other rivers, in the belly of the Bāla (3. 186. 83 = Nārāyaṇa 3. 187. 3) 3. 186. 94.


F. Importance:

(1) Sindhu is one of the rivers which wait upon Varuṇa in his Sabhā 2. 9. 19;

(2) Finds mention in the Daivata-Ṛṣi-Vaṁśa 13. 151. 14, 2.


G. Limitation: Sindhu is not included among the rivers which are declared as mothers of fire-hearths, i. e. on the banks of which sacrifices were performed (sindhuvarjaṁ pañcanadyaḥ…etā nadyas tu dhiṣṇyānāṁ mātaro yāḥ prakīrtitāḥ) 3. 212. 21, 24 (for Nī. See Kapilā ).


H. Simile:

(1) Successful emerging of Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna out of the army led by Droṇa (7. 76. 23) compared to crossing Sindhu and other five rivers swollen with water at the end of summer (bāhubhyām iva saṁtīrṇau sindhuṣaṣṭhāḥ samudragāḥ/tapānte saritaḥ pūrṇāḥ) 7. 76. 28 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 7. 101. 28: sindhuḥ ṣaṣṭho yāsāṁ tāś ca śatadruvipāśerāvatīcandrabhāgāvitastāḥ);

(2) The army of the Pāṇḍavas encountering Śalya was checked like the current of Sindhu encountering a mountain (sindhor vega ivācalam) 9. 9. 6.


I. Bad omens: Among the bad omens which occurred when Kṛṣṇa left for Hāstinapura is mentioned one according to which great rivers among whom Sindhu was the foremost, flowing eastwards, began to flow in the opposite direction (pratyag ūhur mahānadyaḥ prāṅmukhāḥ sindhusattamāḥ) 5. 82. 6 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 5. 84. 6: pratyak pratīpam ūhuḥ pravāhaṁ kṛtavatyaḥ; or does sindhu here mean ‘river’ ?). [See Sindhūttama, Salilarājasya tīrtham ]


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Sindhu, Saindhava : m. (pl.): Name of a Janapada and its people; also called Rāṣṭra 8. 4. 11, Viṣaya 14. 76. 2, and Deśa 6. 10. 68; 7. 53. 47; 8. 27. 91; very often mentioned along with Sauvīras.


A. Location: Listed twice by Saṁjaya, among the northern Janapadas of Bhāratavarṣa (ata ūrdhavaṁ janapadān nibodha) 6. 10. 37, 5; once, along with Sauvīras (kāśmīrāḥ sindhusauvīrā…) 6. 10. 52, and then, with Pulindakas (bhojāḥ sindhupulindakāḥ) 6. 10. 39.


B. Description of the country, its warriors, and characteristics of the people and horses: (a) country: sinful (pāpadeśa) 7. 53. 47; 8. 27. 91; (b) Warriors: brave (śūra) 7. 85. 73; fighting with curved prāsas (nakharaprāsayodhin) 7. 85. 73; 12. 102. 3; arrogant in battles (yudhadurmada) 14. 77. 9; Arjuna described Sindhu warriors as doing sinful acts in battles (pāpācārā raṇājire) 7. 53. 48; (c) People:

(1) They ate rice cooked in milk (sarvakṣīrānnabhoktāraḥ) 7. 53. 48; Madrakas, Sindhus and Sauvīras, according to Karṇa, were mlecchas born in sinful countries and hence incapable of discerning what was proper dharma (madrakāḥ sindhusauvīrā dharmaṁ vidyuḥ kathaṁ tv iha/pāpadeśodbhavā mlecchā dharmāṇāṁ avicakṣaṇāḥ) 8. 27. 91;

(2) A certain Brāhmaṇa told Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the assembly of the Kurus (8. 30. 7-8, 41) that in the opinion of a certain Rākṣasī (rākṣasī kācid abravīt) Vasātis, Sindhus and Sauvīras were, in general, contemptible (vasātisindhusauvīrā iti prāyo vikutsitāḥ) 8. 30. 46-47;

(3) Sindhu country was the principal one among the ten rāṣṭras which were under the control of Jayadratha (sindhurāṣṭramukhānīha daśa rāṣṭrāṇi yasya vai/vaśe tiṣṭhanti vīrasya) 8. 4. 11; (d) The Sindhu horses yoked to the chariot of Jayadratha were obedient to the charioteer; they drew the chariot well, moving in different directions; were large and speedy like wind (…sārather vaśyāḥ saindhavāḥ sādhuvāhinaḥ/vikurvāṇā bṛhanto 'śvāḥ śvasanopamaraṁhasaḥ//) 7. 42. 2; the horses of the Sindhu country which were chosen by Bāhuka (Nala) to go to the Vidarbha country were endowed with energy and strength, were of noble breed and good temper, free from interior marks, of broad nostrils and large jaws, blameless as they were free from ten curls, and having the speed of wind; though lean they were capable (of going long distances) and enduring on roads (tejobalasamāyuktān kulaśīlasamanvitān/varjitāĩ lakṣaṇair hīnaiḥ pṛthuprothān mahāhanūn/ śuddhān daśabhir āvartaiḥ sindhujān vātaraṁhasaḥ//; kṛśān aśvān samarthān adhvani kṣamān) 3. 69. 12, 11, 17 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 3. 71. 13-14 (sīlaṁ sādicittānusāritā hīnair lakṣaṇaiḥ śatapadīprabhṛtibhir varjitān/prothaṁ nāsikā/hanuḥ adharaṁ mukhaphalakam/śuddhān hradāvartādiduṣṭāvartahīnān sindhujān sindhudeśajān/).


C. Epic events:

(1) The kings of Saindhavas, subdued by Pāṇḍavas, attended the Rājasūya of Yudhiṣṭhira and acted as servers (yatra sarvān mahīpālān śastratejobhayārditān/…saindhavāṁs tathā/…yajñe te pariveṣakān//) 3. 48. 18, 21-22;

(2) Jayadratha suggested to Draupadī to abandon Pāṇḍavas who had lost their kingdom and marry him so that she could, along with him, rule over the entire Sindhu and Suvīra countries (akhilān sindhusauvīrān avāpnuhi mayā saha) 3. 251. 18; the warriors of the Śibi, Sindhu and Trigarta countries were dejected to see Pāṇḍavas fighting with them 3. 255. 3; Arjuna killed the Saindhavas who happened to come within the range of his arrows (trigartān saindhavān api/jaghāna…bāṇagocaram āgatān) 3. 255. 28; when Jayadratha fled, Arjuna asked Bhīma not to kill any longer Saindhava warriors (vārayām āsa nighnantaṁ bhīmaṁ saindhavasainikān) 3. 255. 36; the inmates of the āśrama were delighted to see Yudhiṣṭhira return with abducted Draupadī after defeating the Sindhu and Sauvīra armies (jitvā tān sindhusauvī rān) 3. 255. 50;

(3) Jayadratha, of the Sindhu country, joined the army of Duryodhana (jayadrathamukhāś cānye sindhusauvī ravāsinaḥ) 5. 19. 19:

(4) Before the start of the war, the Kṣatriyas of the Sindhu country and others, headed by Bhīṣma, stood in the front position of the army (bhīṣmo 'grataḥ sarvasainyasya vṛddhaḥ…kṣatriyā ye ca sindhau) 6. 20. 9-10;

(5) On the second day of war, Sindhu warriors and Sauvīras (sindhusauvīrāḥ), led by Śakuni, protected Droṇa who was behind Bhīṣma in the Mahāvyūha of Kauravas 6. 47. 10, 14;

(6) On the third day, Sindhu warriors and Sauvīras (sindhusauvīrāḥ) were posted at the ‘neck’ position (grivāyām) of the Garuḍavyūha of Kauravas 6. 52. 2-3, 5;

(7) On the eighth dav, Irāvān, son of Arjuna, attacked the Kaurava army with horses of different countries some of them being those from the Sindhu country (vājinām/ …sindhujānāṁ ca sarvaśaḥ); the horses were swift like wind (hayair vātajavair…) 6. 86. 3, 5-6;

(8) On the thirteeenth day, Arjuna assured Kṛṣṇa that he would kill the next day the Saindhava warriors along with their kings (mayā sarājakā bāṇair nunnā naṁkṣyanti saindhavāḥ) 7. 53. 48;

(9) On the fourteenth day, Yudhiṣṭhira pointed out to Sātyaki that Arjuna, proceeding towards Jayadratha, was encircled by the Sindhu warriors and Sauvīras (saṁvṛtaḥ sindhusauvīraiḥ) 7. 85. 73; Sātyaki told Yudhiṣṭhira that Saindhavas were no match for Arjuna (saindhavapauravāḥ/…ete 'rjunasya kruddhasya kalāṁ nārhanti ṣoḍaśīm) 7. 86. 28-29; on that day the Kaurava army which included Sindhu warriors and Sauvīras ran helterskelter since they were being killed by the arrows of Bhīma and Karṇa fighting each other (tato vyudastaṁ tat sainyaṁ sindhusauvīrakauravam); they ran away from them in all directions; the earth was covered with their bodies along with their armours, arrows and banners; when Karṇa saw the destruction of the Kurus Sauvīras and Saindhavas he was ablaze with anger (dṛṣṭvā ca kurusauvī rasaindhavānāṁ balakṣayam) 7. 113. 11-14; 7. 114. 17-18;

(10) During the night war (fourteenth-fifteenth day) all Saindhavas and others, afraid, (simply) watched Karṇa who alone could withstand the shower of weapons released at him by Ghaṭotkaca; they respected his composure in battle (asaṁmohaṁ pūjayanto'sya saṁkhye) 7. 154. 45;

(11) After the war, the women of Sindhu, Sauvīra and other countries kept a watch on the dead body of Jayadratha (sindhusauvī ragāndhārakāmbojayavanastriyaḥ) 11. 22. 11;

(12) When Arjuna reached the Sindhu country along with Aśvamedha horse, the warriors and their kings fought a fierce battle with him; they encircled Arjuna so that he looked like a bird moving in a cage (koṣṭhakīkṛtya kaunteyam…ayodhayan/sa…dadṛśe …pañjarāntarasaṁcārī śakunta iva…//) 14. 76. 10, 13; Arjuna swooned for a while due to the shower of the arrows of Sindhu fighters (saindhavāḥ) 14. 76. 21-23; when he recovered, he started showering arrows so that the Saindhava warriors and their kings could not be seen; the Saindhavas were afraid due to the sound (of the bow); they ran, wept due to sorrow and lay down on the ground; the army (of Saindhavas) was thus torn by Arjuna (tatas te saindhavā yodhāḥ sarva eva sarājakāḥ/nādṛśyanta śaraiḥ kīrṇāḥ…// tasya śabdena vitresur bhayārtāś ca vidudruvaḥ/mumucuś cāśruśokārtāḥ suṣupuś cāpi saindhavāḥ//…sainyaṁ vidārya) 14. 76. 28-29, 32; the Saindhava warriors were once again ready to fight with Arjuna and they showered arrows at him; Arjuna told them that he would not kill them if they surrundered; but Saindhava warriors continued to shoot arrows; the kings of the Sindhu country remembering the death of Jayadratha threw prāsas and śaktis on Arjuna; he cut off their missiles before they reached him; the warriors, desirous of victory, continued their attack (āpatatāṁ teṣāṁ yodhānāṁ jayagṛddhinām) 14. 77. 18; Arjuna cut off their heads; they ran away but returned and although they were being killed they fought with Arjuna according to their vigour and energy (yathāprāṇaṁ yathotsāhaṁ yodhayām āsur arjunam) most of them, whose horses were tired, swooned (kṛtā visaṁjñā bhūyiṣṭhāḥ klāntavāhanasainikāḥ); knowing their plight, Duḥśalā, daughter of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, took her grandson with her and approached Arjuna wishing peace for the surviving warriors (śāntyarthaṁ sarvayodhānām; śamārthaṁ sarvayodhānām); she requested him to cease fighting with Saindhavas (śamaṁ gaccha dhanaṁjaya); thus Arjuna defeated Saindhava warriors 14. 77. 2-43.


D. Past event: Vidurā exhorted her son not to let himself be dispirited and be under the control of the maidens of Sindhu country (mā ca saindhavakanyānām avasanno vaśaṁ gamaḥ) 5. 132. 32; she told him that she would honour him if he was able to kill all Saindhava warriors (atha tvāṁ pūjayiṣyāmi hatvā vai sarvasaindhavān) 5. 133. 19.


E. Some persons, especially Jayadratha, referred to as belonging to Sindhu, king of the Sindhu country:


A. King, ruler of the Sindhu country: (a) sindhūnām īśvaraḥ: Jayadratha 7. 53. 11; (b) sindhupati;

(1) Jayadratha 3. 251. 7 (sindhūnāṁ patiḥ); 6. 17. 31; 7. 24. 11; 7. 69. 15-16; 7. 121. 26; 9. 53. 23;

(2) Vṛddhakṣatra 7. 41. 13; (c) sindhuº ºbhartṛ: Jayadratha 11. 22. 9; (d) (i) sindhurāj: Jayadratha 7. 53. 27; (ii) sindhurāja:

(1) Jayadratha 1. 108. 18; 3. 251. 19; 3. 253. 26; 3. 255. 32; 5. 49. 19; 5. 54. 42; 5. 162. 30; 6. 109. 20; 7. 13. 67, 71; 7. 33. 18-20; 7. 41. 10, 14; 7. 42. 1, 15; 7. 53. 1, 5, 9, 33, 36; 7. 54. 26; 7. 56. 8, 13; 7. 63. 16, 20; 7. 66. 1; 7. 69. 1; 7. 75. 27; 7. 76. 11, 14, 18, 32, 36, 41; 7. 80. 20; 7. 87. 39; 7. 89. 17, 43; 7. 105. 4, 10; 7. 115. 5; 7. 120. 79; 7. 121. 14, 36, 41; 7. 126. 1, 22, 26; 7. 127. 9; 7. 158. 18; 8. 51. 45; 14. 76. 11;

(2) Vṛddhakṣatra 7. 121. 21;

(3) not named 5. 131. 4; 5. 132. 4; (iii) sindhurājan: Jayadratha 7. 66. 6; 7. 126. 20; (sindhūnāṁ rājā) 3. 248. 6, 11;


B. Related to Sindhu country: (a) saindhava:

(1) Jayadratha 1. 1. 134-135, 140; 1. 177. 19; 2. 31. 8; 3. 255. 1, 4, 7, 43, 45, 47, 53, 55-57, 59; 3. 276. 8; 3. 294. 42; 4. 5. 21; 4. 17. 4; 5. 56. 15; 5. 64. 7; 5. 93. 20; 5. 140. 14; 5. 152. 28; 5. 161. 6; 5. 196. 6; 6. 43. 52; 6. 53. 25; 6. 55. 131; 6. 67. 19; 6. 68. 3; 6. 77. 2; 6. 81. 10; 6. 87. 27; 6. 90. 13; 6. 95. 27; 6. 96. 15; 6. 104. 55; 6. 109. 1, 6, 10, 13, 15, 17, 35; 6. 110. 2, 21; 6. 112. 40-42; 6. 114. 14; 7. 6. 2; 7. 13. 58; 7. 24. 10, 12; 7. 40. 10; 7. 41. 8-9, 20; 7. 42. 17-19; 7. 43. 1; 7. 45. 20; 7. 46. 5; 7. 52. 3, 18-20, 33; 7. 53. 2, 6, 18, 39, 44, 46; 7. 54. 18, 20; 7. 56. 12; 7. 57. 11, 15; 7. 58. 18; 7. 59. 21; 7. 60. 21, 29, 31; 7. 61. 6; 7. 63. 15; 7. 69. 18; 7. 70. 48-49, 51; 7. 74. 3, 34, 36; 7. 75. 28, 30; 7. 76. 16, 34-35; 7. 78. 40; 7. 79. 31; 7. 81. 1; 7. 85. 36, 78; 7. 86. 15, 17; 7. 87. 13, 32, 72; 7. 89. 27; 7. 95. 10; 7. 98. 2; 7. 102. 34, 48; 7. 103. 25, 42; 7. 105. 1, 13-14, 18^2-19; 7. 106. 37; 7. 115. 4, 6; 7. 116. 29-30; 7. 117. 61; 7. 118. 35; 7. 120. 8, 13, 20, 26-27, 37, 40, 43, 47, 49, 57, 81; 7. 121. 10, 13^2, 16-17^2, 31-32, 43, 46-47; 7. 122. 1-2, 27, 35; 7. 124. 3; 7. 125. 1, 6; 7. 126. 21, 28; 7. 127. 3, 8, 14; 7. 128. 12; 7. 129. 5; 7. 147. 3; 7. 157. 32; 7. 158. 14, 40, 43, 46; 7. 170. 33; 8. 51. 13, 44; 10. 3. 32; 10. 9. 44; 11. 25. 29; 12. 16. 19; 14. 12. 9; 14. 51. 20; 14. 76. 9;

(2) Vṛddhakṣatra 7. 41. 6; (b) saindhavaka: Jayadratha 3. 255. 42; 6. 43. 52; 7. 51. 9; 7. 53. 47-48; 7. 60. 28; 7. 103. 44-45; 7. 120. 18; 7. 121. 48;


C. The wretched of the Saindhavas: saindhavāpasada: Jayadratha 15. 17. 5.


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Vedic Index of Names and Subjects

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

Sindhu in the Rigveda and the Atharvaveda often means ‘stream’ merely (cf. Sapta Sindhavaḥ), but it has also the more exact sense of ‘the stream’ par excellence, ‘the Indus.’ The name is, however, rarely mentioned after the period of the Saṃhitās, always then occurring in such a way as to suggest distance. The horses from the Indus (saindhava) were famous. See Saindhava. Cf. also Sarasvatī.

Vedic Rituals Hindi

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

सिन्धु न.
कर्म में दूध उड़ेलते समय ‘प्रस्तोता’ द्वारा गाये जाने वाले साम का नाम, श्रौ.को. (अं.) I.213।