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सम्पाद्यताम्Purana Encyclopedia
सम्पाद्यताम्
 पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
Andhra, Andhraka, Āndhra : m. (pl.): Name of a Janapada and its people.
A. Location: Listed by Saṁjaya among the (northern) Janapadas of the Bhāratavarṣa (ata ūrdhvaṁ janapadān nibodha gadato mama 6. 10. 37, 5); (andhrāś ca… antargiryās tathaiva ca) 6. 10. 48; according to Bhīṣma the people lived in the south (dakṣiṇāpathajanmānaḥ sarve talavarāndhrakāḥ) 12. 200. 39; Sahadeva also collected tribute from Andhras during his expedition to the south (see section C: Epic events).
B. Characteristics:
(1) According to Bhīṣma, the Andhrakas did not believe in Dhātṛ being the supervisor of all beings (adhyakṣaṁ sarvabhūtānāṁ dhātāram akarot prabhuḥ/…niradhyakṣāṁs tu kaunteya kīrtayiṣyāmi tān api//…sarve talavarāndhrakāḥ/) 12. 200. 33, 38-39; according to Bhīṣma, Andhrakas, were sinful and they led the life of dogs, crows, ravens and vultures; they did not exist in the Kṛta age, but were to be met with from the Tretā age onwards (talavarāndhrakāḥ… ete pāpakṛtas tāta caranti pṛthivīm imām śvakākabalagṛdhrāṇāṁ sadharmāṇo narādhipa//naite kṛtayuge tāta caranti pṛthivīm imām/tretāprabhṛti vartante te janā…) 12. 200. 39, 41-42; they lived like Dasyus and were attached to objects of senses (viṣayavāsinaḥ/…dasyujīvinaḥ) 12. 65. 15;
(2) Māndhātṛ asked Indra what was the Dharma of Andhras (pallavāś cāndhramadrakāḥ/…kathaṁ dharmaṁ careyus te) 12. 65. 13, 15; (the duties of Dasyus which applied also to Andhras described by Indra in 12. 65. 17-22);
(3) Kṛṣṇa described Andhraka warriors as furious, fond of fighting, strong and of firm (?) hands (andhrakāś ca…saṁrambhiṇo yuddhaśauṇḍā balino dṛḍhapāṇayaḥ) 8. 51. 19.
C. Epic events:
(1) Sahadeva in his expedition to the south before the Rājasūya (prayayau dakṣiṇāṁ diśam 2. 28. 1; dakṣiṇābhimukho yayau 2. 28. 8; prāyād… dakṣiṇāṁ diśam 2. 28. 37) subjugated Andhras and others by merely sending messengers to them and made them pay tribute (andhrāṁs talavanāṁś caiva… dūtair eva vaśe cakre karaṁ cainān adāpayat) 2. 28. 48-49; Andhrakas are mentioned among those who attended the Rājasūya (vānavasyāndhrakās tathā) 2. 31. 11; Kṛṣṇa had seen the kings and the people of Andhraka and other countries serving at the Rājasūya (yatra sarvān mahīpālān…sacoladraviḍāndhrakān) 3. 48. 18;
(2) Kṛṣṇa told Karṇa that if he were to side with the Pāṇḍavas, Āndhras and others would move in front of him (purogamāṁś ca te santu …āndhrās tālacarāś caiva) 5. 138. 25;
(3) The army which gathered round Duryodhana for the battle was guarded by warriors of Andhra and other countries (rājacamūṁ…guptāṁ…draviḍāndhrakāñcyaiḥ) 5. 158. 19-20;
(4) On the sixteenth day of the war, Pāṇḍya king killed many horses and horse-riding Andharaka and other warriors (aśvārohān hayān api ...niṣādāndhrakataṅgaṇān) 8. 15. 9;
(5) On the seventeenth day of the war, incited by Sātyaki, Draviḍa, Andhra and Niṣāda foot-soldiers pressed on Karṇa wanting to kill him (draviḍāndhraniṣādās tu punaḥ sātyakicoditāḥ/abhyardayañ jighāṁsantaḥ pattayaḥ karṇam āhave) 8. 33. 4 (elsewhere, however, Andhras are said to be fighting for the Kauravas (see No. 3 above and the next);
(6) Mentioned by Kṛṣṇa among those who had sided with the Kurus to help Suyodhana; they could not be defeated by any one except Arjuna (andhrakāś ca pulindāś ca…ete suyodhanasyārthe saṁrabdhāḥ kurubhiḥ saha/na śakyā yudhi nirjetuṁ tvadanyena paraṁtapa//) 8. 51. 19-20;
(7) When the horse of the Aśvamedha went to Andhra and other countries, Arjuna who accompanied him was honoured by peoples of those countries (kāśīn andhrān kosalāṁś ca…tatra pūjāṁ yathānyāyaṁ pratigṛhya sa pāṇḍavaḥ) 14. 84. 4-5; but when he went again to the south he fought with Andhra and other peoples (tatrāpi draviḍair andhrai…yuddham āsīt kirīṭinaḥ) 14. 84. 11.
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Mahabharata Cultural Index
सम्पाद्यताम्|
पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
Andhra, Andhraka, Āndhra : m. (pl.): Name of a Janapada and its people.
A. Location: Listed by Saṁjaya among the (northern) Janapadas of the Bhāratavarṣa (ata ūrdhvaṁ janapadān nibodha gadato mama 6. 10. 37, 5); (andhrāś ca… antargiryās tathaiva ca) 6. 10. 48; according to Bhīṣma the people lived in the south (dakṣiṇāpathajanmānaḥ sarve talavarāndhrakāḥ) 12. 200. 39; Sahadeva also collected tribute from Andhras during his expedition to the south (see section C: Epic events).
B. Characteristics:
(1) According to Bhīṣma, the Andhrakas did not believe in Dhātṛ being the supervisor of all beings (adhyakṣaṁ sarvabhūtānāṁ dhātāram akarot prabhuḥ/…niradhyakṣāṁs tu kaunteya kīrtayiṣyāmi tān api//…sarve talavarāndhrakāḥ/) 12. 200. 33, 38-39; according to Bhīṣma, Andhrakas, were sinful and they led the life of dogs, crows, ravens and vultures; they did not exist in the Kṛta age, but were to be met with from the Tretā age onwards (talavarāndhrakāḥ… ete pāpakṛtas tāta caranti pṛthivīm imām śvakākabalagṛdhrāṇāṁ sadharmāṇo narādhipa//naite kṛtayuge tāta caranti pṛthivīm imām/tretāprabhṛti vartante te janā…) 12. 200. 39, 41-42; they lived like Dasyus and were attached to objects of senses (viṣayavāsinaḥ/…dasyujīvinaḥ) 12. 65. 15;
(2) Māndhātṛ asked Indra what was the Dharma of Andhras (pallavāś cāndhramadrakāḥ/…kathaṁ dharmaṁ careyus te) 12. 65. 13, 15; (the duties of Dasyus which applied also to Andhras described by Indra in 12. 65. 17-22);
(3) Kṛṣṇa described Andhraka warriors as furious, fond of fighting, strong and of firm (?) hands (andhrakāś ca…saṁrambhiṇo yuddhaśauṇḍā balino dṛḍhapāṇayaḥ) 8. 51. 19.
C. Epic events:
(1) Sahadeva in his expedition to the south before the Rājasūya (prayayau dakṣiṇāṁ diśam 2. 28. 1; dakṣiṇābhimukho yayau 2. 28. 8; prāyād… dakṣiṇāṁ diśam 2. 28. 37) subjugated Andhras and others by merely sending messengers to them and made them pay tribute (andhrāṁs talavanāṁś caiva… dūtair eva vaśe cakre karaṁ cainān adāpayat) 2. 28. 48-49; Andhrakas are mentioned among those who attended the Rājasūya (vānavasyāndhrakās tathā) 2. 31. 11; Kṛṣṇa had seen the kings and the people of Andhraka and other countries serving at the Rājasūya (yatra sarvān mahīpālān…sacoladraviḍāndhrakān) 3. 48. 18;
(2) Kṛṣṇa told Karṇa that if he were to side with the Pāṇḍavas, Āndhras and others would move in front of him (purogamāṁś ca te santu …āndhrās tālacarāś caiva) 5. 138. 25;
(3) The army which gathered round Duryodhana for the battle was guarded by warriors of Andhra and other countries (rājacamūṁ…guptāṁ…draviḍāndhrakāñcyaiḥ) 5. 158. 19-20;
(4) On the sixteenth day of the war, Pāṇḍya king killed many horses and horse-riding Andharaka and other warriors (aśvārohān hayān api ...niṣādāndhrakataṅgaṇān) 8. 15. 9;
(5) On the seventeenth day of the war, incited by Sātyaki, Draviḍa, Andhra and Niṣāda foot-soldiers pressed on Karṇa wanting to kill him (draviḍāndhraniṣādās tu punaḥ sātyakicoditāḥ/abhyardayañ jighāṁsantaḥ pattayaḥ karṇam āhave) 8. 33. 4 (elsewhere, however, Andhras are said to be fighting for the Kauravas (see No. 3 above and the next);
(6) Mentioned by Kṛṣṇa among those who had sided with the Kurus to help Suyodhana; they could not be defeated by any one except Arjuna (andhrakāś ca pulindāś ca…ete suyodhanasyārthe saṁrabdhāḥ kurubhiḥ saha/na śakyā yudhi nirjetuṁ tvadanyena paraṁtapa//) 8. 51. 19-20;
(7) When the horse of the Aśvamedha went to Andhra and other countries, Arjuna who accompanied him was honoured by peoples of those countries (kāśīn andhrān kosalāṁś ca…tatra pūjāṁ yathānyāyaṁ pratigṛhya sa pāṇḍavaḥ) 14. 84. 4-5; but when he went again to the south he fought with Andhra and other peoples (tatrāpi draviḍair andhrai…yuddham āsīt kirīṭinaḥ) 14. 84. 11.
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*2nd word in left half of page p616_mci (+offset) in original book.
previous page p615_mci .......... next page p617_mci