द्रुपद
यन्त्रोपारोपितकोशांशः
सम्पाद्यताम्कल्पद्रुमः
सम्पाद्यताम्
 पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
द्रुपदः, पुं, पञ्चालदेशीयचन्द्रवंशीयराजविशेषः । तस्य कन्या द्रौपदी । पुत्त्रौ शिखण्डिधृष्टद्युम्नौ । इति महाभारतम् ॥ (क्ली, यूपैकदेशः । यथा, ऋग्वेदे । १ । २४ । १३ । “शुनःशेपो ह्यह्वद्गृभीतस्त्रिषु आदित्यं द्रुप- देषु बद्धः ।” “द्रुपदेषु द्रोः काष्ठस्य यूपस्य पदेषु प्रदेशविशे- षेषु बद्धः ।” इति तद्भाष्ये सायनः ॥ काष्ठ- पादुका । यथा, वाजसनेयसंहितायाम् । २० । २० । “द्रुपदादिव मुमुचानः स्विन्नः स्नातो मलादिव ॥” “द्रुस्तरुस्तन्मयं पदं द्रुपदं पादुका तस्मान्मुमु- चानः पृथग् भवन् ।” इति वेददीपः ॥)
वाचस्पत्यम्
सम्पाद्यताम्|
पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
द्रुपद¦ पु॰ पञ्चालानामधिपे यज्ञसेनापरनामके नृपभेदे
“गच्छताद्यैव पाञ्चालान् द्रुपदस्य निवेशने। स्वयंवरोमहांस्तत्र भविता सुमहाधनः। एवमुक्ताः प्रयातास्तेपाण्डवा जनमेजय!। राज्ञा दक्षिणपाञ्चालान् द्रुपदे-नाभिरक्षितान्” भा॰ आः
१८
४ अ॰ स च मरुद्गणांशा-ज्जातः यथाह भा॰ आ॰
६७ अ॰
“सात्यकिः सत्यसन्ध्यश्चयोऽसौ वृष्णिकुलोद्भवः। पक्षात् स जज्ञे मरुतां देवानामरिमर्दनः। द्रुपदश्चापि राजर्षिस्तत एवाभवद्ग-णात्। मानुषे नृपलोकेऽस्मिन् सर्वशस्त्रभृतांवरः” स च भरद्वाजसखस्य पृषतनृपस्य पुत्रः यथोक्तं भा॰आ॰
१३
० अ॰
“भरद्वाजसखा चासीत् पृषतो नामपार्थिवः। तस्यापि द्रुपदो॰ नाम तदा समभवत् सुतः। स नित्यमाश्रमं गत्वा द्रोणेन सह पार्थिवः। चिक्री-डाध्ययनञ्चैव चकार क्षत्रियर्षभः। ततो व्यतीते पृषतेस राजा द्रुपदोऽभवत्। पाञ्चालेषु महाबाहुरुत्तरेषुनरेश्वर!” तस्य द्रोणेन वालसख्येऽपि पश्चात् वैरंजातं यथोक्तं भा॰ आ॰
१३
१ अ॰
“ततो द्रुपदमासाद्य भा-रद्वाजः प्रतापवान्। अब्रवीत् पार्थिवं राजन्! सखायंविद्धि मामिह। इत्येवमुक्तः सख्या स प्रीतिपूर्वं जने-श्वरः। भारद्वाजेन पाञ्चाल्यो नामृष्यत वचोऽस्य तत्। सक्रोधामर्षजिह्मभ्रूः कषायीकृतलोचनः। ऐश्वर्यमद-सम्पन्नो द्रोणं राजाऽब्रवीदिदम्। द्रुपद उवाच। अकृतेयं तव प्रज्ञा ब्रह्मन्नातिसमञ्जसी। यन्मां व्रवीषिप्रसभं सखा तेऽहमिति द्विज। न हि राज्ञामुदीर्णा-नामेवं भूतैर्नरैः क्वचित्। सख्यं भवति मन्दात्मन्! श्रियाहीनैर्धनच्युतैः। सौहृदं मे त्वया ह्यासीत् पूर्वं सा-मर्थ्यबन्धनम्। न सख्यमजरं लोके हृदि तिष्ठतिकस्यचित्। कालोह्येनं विहरति क्रोधो वैनं हर-त्युत। मैवं जीर्णमुपास्स्वं त्वं सख्यं भवत्यपाकृधि। आसीत् सख्यं द्विजश्रेष्ठ! त्वया मेऽर्थनिबन्धनम्। द-रिद्रो न वसुमतो नाविद्वान् विदुषः सखा। न शूरस्यसखा क्लीवः सखिपूर्वं किमिष्यते। ययोरेव समं वित्तंययोरेव समं श्रुतम्। तयोर्विवाहः सख्यञ्च न तु पुष्टविपुष्टयोः। नाश्रोत्रियः श्रोत्रियस्य नारथी रथिनःसखा। नाराजा पार्थिवस्यापि सखिपूर्वं किमिष्यते। वैशम्पायन उवाच। द्रुपदेनैवमुक्तस्तु भारद्वाजः प्रताप-वान्। मुहूर्तं चिन्तयित्वा तु मन्युनाऽभिपरिप्लुतः। [Page3785-b+ 38] स विनिश्चित्य मनसा पाञ्चाल्यं प्रति बुद्धिमान्। जगामकुरुमुख्यानां नगरं नागसाह्वयम्” द्रोणश्चार्जुनादीन्शिष्यान् कृत्वा तद्द्वारा द्रुपदं पराजित्य वशमानाय्यराज्यार्द्धहरणपूर्वकं द्रुपदेन पुनः सख्यं यथास्थित-मकरोत् यथाह भा॰ आ॰
१३
९ अ॰
“ते यज्ञसेनं द्रुपदंगृहीत्वा रणमूर्द्धनि। उपाजह्रुः सहामात्यं द्रोणायभरतर्षभ!। भग्नदर्पं हृतधनं तं तथा बशमागतम्। स वैरं मनसा ध्यात्वा द्रोणो द्रुपदमव्रवीत्। विमृद्यतरसा राष्ट्रं पुरन्ते मृदितो मया। प्राप्य जीवं रिपुवशंसखिपूर्वं किमिष्यते। एवमुक्त्वा प्रहस्यैवं किञ्चित् सपुनरब्रवीत्। मा भैः प्राणभयाद्वीर! क्षमिणो ब्राह्मणावयम्। आश्रमे क्रीडितं यत्तु त्वया बाल्ये मया सह। तेन संवर्द्धितः स्नेहः प्रीतिश्च क्षत्रियर्षभ!। प्रार्थयेयंत्वया सख्यं पुनरेव जनाधिप!। वरं ददामि ते राजन्!राज्यस्यार्द्धमवाप्नु हि। अराजा किल नो राज्ञःसखा भवितुमर्हति। अतः प्रयतितं राज्ये यज्ञसेन!मया तव। राजासि दक्षिणे कूले भागीरथ्याहमुत्तरे। सखायं मां विजानीहि पाञ्चाल! यदि मन्यसे। द्रुपदउवाच। अनाश्चर्यमिदं ब्रह्मन्! विक्रान्तेषु महात्मसु। प्रीये त्वयाहं त्वत्तश्च प्रीतिमिच्छामि शाथतीम्। वैशम्पायनउवाच। एवमुक्तः स तं द्रोणो मोक्षयाभास भारत!। सत्कृत्य चैनं प्रीतात्मा राज्यार्द्धं प्रत्यपादयत्। माक-न्दीमथ गङ्गायास्तीरे जनपदायुताम्। सोऽध्यावसद्दीन-मनाः काम्पिल्यञ्च पुरोत्तमम्। दक्षिणांश्चापि पाञ्चा-लान् यावच्चर्मण्वतीं नदीम्। द्रोणेन चैवं द्रुपदः परि-भूयाथ पालितः। क्षात्रेण च बलेनास्य नापश्यत् सपराजयम्। हीनं विदित्वा चात्मानं व्राह्मेण सबलेन तु। पुत्रजन्म परीप्सन् वै पृथिवीमन्वसञ्चरत्। अहिंच्छत्रञ्च विषयं द्रोणः समभिपद्यत। एवं राजन्नहिच्छत्रा पुरी जनपदायुता। युधि निर्जित्य पार्थेनद्रोणाय प्रतिपादिता”
६ त॰।
२ द्रोःकाष्ठस्य देशभेदे
“आदित्यं द्रुपदेषु वद्धम्” ऋ॰
१ ।
२४ ।
१३
“द्रोः काष्ठस्यपदेषु यूपस्य प्रदेशविशेषेषु” भा॰ द्रुमयं काष्ठभयं पदम्।
३ काष्ठपादुकायाम्
“द्रुपदादिव मुमुचानः” यजु॰
२० ।
२०
“द्रुस्तरुस्तन्मयं पदं पादुका तस्मात् मुमुचानः पृथग्-भवन्। यथा पादुकादोषैरसम्बद्धोभवति” वेददी॰ द्रुपदंतच्छब्दोऽस्त्यस्थामृचि अच्।
४ द्रुपदशब्दयुक्तायामृचिस्त्री
“गायत्र्यष्टसहस्नं तु द्रुपदां वा शतं जपेत्” [Page3786-a+ 38] आ॰ त॰। साच ऋक्
“द्रुपदादिव मुमुचानः” इत्यादिकायजु॰
२० ।
२०
“द्रुपदान्तु ततोजप्त्वा जलमादाय पाणिना” काशी॰
३५ अ॰
Apte
सम्पाद्यताम्|
पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
द्रुपदः [drupadḥ], N. of a king of the Pāñchālas [He was a son of Prisata. He and Drona were school-fellows, as they learnt the science of archery from Droṇa's father, Bharadvāja. After Drupada had succeeded to the throne, Droṇa, when in pecuniary difficulties, went to him on the strength of his former friendship; but the proud monarch disrespected and slighted him. For this Droṇa afterwards got him captured by his pupils the Pāṇḍavas, but was kind enough to spare his life, and allowed him to retain half his kingdom. But the defeat sustained by him at Droṇa's hands rankled in his soul, and with the desire of getting a son who would avenge the wrong done to him, he performed a sacrifice, when a son named Dhṛiṣtadyumna (and a daughter called Draupudī) sprang up from the fire. This son afterwards treacherously cut off the head of Droṇa. See Droṇa also.]
Monier-Williams
सम्पाद्यताम्|
पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
द्रुपद/ द्रु--पद n. a wooden pillar , a post (to which captives are tied) , any pillar or column RV. VS. AV.
द्रुपद/ द्रु--पद m. N. of a king of the पञ्चालs (son of पृषतand father of धृष्ट-द्युम्न, of शिखण्डिनीor शिखण्डिनी, and of कृष्णा, the wife of the पाण्डुprinces , hence called द्रौपदी) MBh. Hariv. Pur.
Purana index
सम्पाद्यताम्|
पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
--a son of पृषत and father of द्रौपदी, धृष्टद्युम्न and others; king of the पाञ्चालस्; फलकम्:F1: भा. IX. २२. 2; X. ५२. ११ [8]. वा. ९९. २१०; Vi. IV. १९. ७३.फलकम्:/F stationed by जरासन्ध at the northern gate of मथुरा; फलकम्:F2: भा. X. ५०. ११ [7].फलकम्:/F stationed at the southern gate during the siege of Gomanta; फलकम्:F3: Ib. X. ५२. ११ [8].फलकम्:/F had been bound by the young पाण्डवस्; फलकम्:F4: Ib. X. [५६ (V) 2].फलकम्:/F in the स्वयम्वर he held, Arjuna hit the mark in the form of a fish and won Drau- पदी; फलकम्:F5: Ib. I. १५. 7.फलकम्:/F joined the पाण्डवस् in the कुरुक्षेत्र battle; फलकम्:F6: Ib. X. ७८ [(९५ V) १०].फलकम्:/F went to स्यमन्तपञ्चक for solar eclipse. फलकम्:F7: Ib. X. ८२. २५.फलकम्:/F [page२-143+ ४२]
Purana Encyclopedia
सम्पाद्यताम्|
पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
DRUPADA : (Saumaki,(**. Mahāb hārata, Ādi Parva, Chapter 66, Stanza 68 states that the original name of Drupada was Yajñasena. Mahābhārata, Ādi Parva, Chapter 129, Stanza 41, states that Drupada was the son of Pṛṣata. But according to other purānas Pṛṣata was the father of Drupada's great grandfather. In Mahābhārata, Ādi Parva, Chapter 131, Stanza 6, Drupada is addressed as ‘Saumaki; the son of Somaka.**) Yajñasena). Father of Pāñcālī. 1) Genealogy. Descended from Viṣṇu in the following order:--Brahmā--Atri--Candra--Budha--Purūravas-- Āyus--Nahuṣa--Yayāti--Pūru--Janamejaya--Prāci- uvān--Pravīra--Namasyu--Vītabhaya--Śuṇḍu--Bahu- vidha--Saṁyāti--Rahovādi--Raudrāśva--Matināra-- Santurodha--Duṣyanta--Bharata--Suhottra--Suhotā-- Gala--Gardda--Suketu--Bṛhatkṣatra--Hasti--Ajamī- ḍhā--Nīla--Śānti--Suśānti--Puruja--Arka--Bharm- yāśva--Pāñcāla--Mudgala--Divodāsa--Mitreyu-- Pṛṣata--Sudāsa--Sahadeva--Somaka--Yajñasena (Drupada).
2) Education and kingship. Yajñasena went to the hermi- tage of Bharadvāja for education. Droṇa, who became a great teacher in archery later, was also a student and disciple of Bharadvāja at that time. Thus during the time of education both Drupada and Droṇa became fast friends. After receiving education Drupada re- turned to his country. At that time Pāñcāla was ruled by Pṛṣata. When Yajñasena returned on completion of his education, Pṛṣata died and Yajñasena was anointed as King of Uttara-Pāñcāla. (M.B. Ādi Parva, Chap- ter 129).
3) Yajñasena reproaches Droṇa. It has already been said that during the period of education Droṇa and Yajña- sena were fast friends. Once Drupada said to Droṇa: “My dear friend. My father has told me that I would be made the King of Uttara Pāñcāla on completing my education. Thus if I become a King, the treasury of the King will be at your disposal.”
After the education both returned to their places. Not much later Droṇa got married. A son born to him was named Aśvatthāmā. Droṇa was so poor that he could not even buy milk for his child. Once the friends of Aśvatthāmā mixed flour in water and made him drink it saying that it was milk. Aśvatthāmā drank it without knowing that it was not milk. Thinking that he had become energetic by drinking milk he began to run with the other boys. At last they told him the truth and teased him.
With his wife and child Droṇa went to Drupada who did not care to recognize him as a friend. Droṇa tried to remind him of their former friendship. But Drupada shunned him and said, “If I had friendship with you, it was to achieve certain ends. There is no friendship between the rich and the poor, the learned and the illiterate, the brave and the coward. So if there was any friendship at all it was not real. You, who are slow of brain! Kings of high status cannot have friendship with such people especially the poor. A Brahmin learned in Vedas won't befriend a Brahmin who is not learned in Vedas, a man seated in a chariot cannot befriend a man who is not seated in a chariot and a King cannot befriend one who is not a King. So a friendship of bygone days is no friendship at all”.
Drupada's reproaches aroused a storm of anger in Droṇa. He vowed that he would avenge the insult. With his wife and child he got out of the palace. He wandered about in search of disciples who were capable of confronting with Drupada. At last he came to Hastināpura and became the teacher of the Pāṇḍavas and the Kauravas. (M.B. Ādi Parva, Chapter 130).
4) The revenge of Droṇa. Droṇa told Bhīṣma about his dealings with Drupada. Bhīṣma consoled Droṇa. Before the commencement of the training in archery, Droṇa told his disciples: “When your training in archery is completed you will have to do a favour to your tea- cher”. All stood agape. But Arjuna came forward and said: “I will do”. Droṇa embraced Arjuna. The train- ing commenced. The Andhakas, Vṛṣṇis and others joined his school of archery.
The training in archery came to an end. Droṇa called his disciples and told them that Drupada should be tied with a rope and placed before him. When they heard the words of the teacher, Duryodhana, Karṇa, Yu- yutsu, Duśśāsana, Vikarṇa, Jarāsandha and Sulocana led the Kauravas to Pāñcāla. Arjuna knew that the Kauravas would not be able to defeat Drupada. He told the teacher that when the Kauravas returned without achieving the task, he himself would go and bring Drupada. After a terrible battle the Kauravas were defeated by the Pāñcālas. After that Arjuna con- fronted Drupada. Nakula and Sahadeva stood as guards of the wheels. Bhīmasena with his club stood in front of the army. Arjuna drove the chariot right in the midst of the Pāñcāla army. Bhīma took his club and a terrible battle ensued. Arjuna shattered the Pāñcāla army, bound Drupada and took him to Droṇa. The teacher looked at Drupada and reproached him with scornful word: “I have destroyed your country. Now you are at my mercy. Is not the former friendship a friendship?” Drupada requested that they should be friends in future. Accordingly Drupada was set free. The country of Pāñcāla was divided into two, and giving Uttara Pāñcāla to Drupada, Droṇa took Dakṣiṇa Pāñcāla. Thus because of the revenge of Droṇa, Dru- pada lost half of his kingdom. (M.B. Ādi Parva, Chapter 137).
5) Birth of Children. Though Droṇa and Drupada were on friendly terms Drupada did not forget the defeat he had incurred at the hands of Droṇa. So, Drupada desired to have a son who would become powerful enough to take revenge on Droṇa. He began to think of ways and means. He consulted several learned Brahmins. At that time two hermit brothers yāja and Upayāja lived on the bank of the Ganges. The King approached them and requested their help to obtain a son, who would kill Droṇa, and promised to give them cows and other precious things in return. At first they refused to help him. The King served Upayāja for a year, and pleased him. He sent the King to the hermitage of Yāja. They accepted the request of the King. Both the hermits performed a sacrifice for Drupada. A boy and a girl arose from the sacrifi- cial fire. The boy was named Dhṛṣṭadyumna and the girl was named Kṛṣṇā (Pāñcālī). There was a celes- tial voice that the boy would kill Droṇa when he grew up. (M.B. Ādi parva, Chapter 167).
6) The marriage of Pāñcālī. Pāñcālī grew up. Drupada desired to give her in marriage to Arjuna. But at that time the lac-house caught fire and the Pāṇḍavas disap- peared. Drupada set certain tests in the Svayaṁvara of Pāñcālī with a view to ascertain if Arjuna was alive. The Pāṇḍavas came to the svayaṁvara and Drupada found out Arjuna. But Drupada did not like the idea of his daughter becoming the wife of more than one husband. Then Vyāsa appeared there and informed Drupada of the previous births of the Pāṇḍavas and Pāñcālī. Drupada was much pleased and he gave the Pāṇḍavas a good deal of wealth and sent Pāñcālī with them. (M.B. Ādi Parva, Chapter 196).
7) Other details (1) Drupada was present at the marri- age of Abhimanyu, celebrated at the city of Upaplavya (M.B. Virāṭa Parva, Chapter 72, Stanza 17).
(2) Drupada gave the Pāṇḍavas an akṣauhiṇī, (division 21870 elephants, 21870 chariots, 65610 horses, 109350 footmen) of army for the battle of Bhārata. (M.B. Udyoga Parva, Chapter 57).
(3) At the battle of Bhārata, Drupada was anointed as one of the seven commanders on the side of the Pāṇḍavas. (M.B. Udyoga Parva, Chapter 157, Stanza 11).
(4) Drupada fought with Jayadratha on the first day of the battle of Kurukṣetra. (M.B. Bhīṣma Parva, Chap- ter 45, Stanza 55).
(5) Drupada was defeated in a combat with Droṇa the teacher. (M.B. Bhīṣma Parva, Chapter 7, Stanza 48).
(6) Drupada combated with Aśvatthāmā. (M.B. Bhīsma Parva, Chapter 110, Stanza 16).
(7) He fought with Bhagadatta. (M.B. Droṇa Parva, Chapter 14, Stanza 40).
(8) He fought with Bālhīka. (M.B. Droṇa Parva, Chapter 25, Stanza 18).
(9) He was defeated by Pṛṣata. (M.B. Droṇa Parva, Chapter 138, Stanza 24).
(10) Droṇa the teacher killed Drupada. (M.B. Droṇa Parva, Chapter 186, Stanza 43).
(11) The Pāṇḍavas gave offerings to the manes for Drupada. (M.B. Śānti Parva, Chapter 42, Stanza 5).
(12) Vyāsa evoked the spirits of the dead to the surface of the Ganges, after the Battle of Bhārata came to an end. Drupada also was there among the spirits which appeared on the Ganges. (M.B. Āśramavāsika Parva, Chapter 32, Stanza 8).
(13) After death Drupada entered heaven and was absorbed in Viśvadevas. (M.B. Svargārohaṇa Parva, Chapter 5, Stanza 15).
(14) It is stated in Mahābhārata, Ādi Parva, Chapter 67, Stanza 68, that Drupada was born from a portion of the Marudgaṇas.
8) Synonyms of Drupada. Pāñcāla, Pāñcālya, Pāñcāla- rāja, Pārṣata, Pṛṣatātmaja, Saumaki, Yajñasena, Drupada are his synonyms.
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*2nd word in right half of page 251 (+offset) in original book.