गाथा
यन्त्रोपारोपितकोशांशः
सम्पाद्यताम्कल्पद्रुमः
सम्पाद्यताम्
 पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
गाथा, स्त्री, (गीयते इति । गै गाने + “उषि- कुषिगर्त्तिभ्यस्थन् ।” उणां । २ । ४ । इति थन् स्त्रियां टाप् ।) श्लोकः । (यथा, महाभारते । ३ । ८५ । ३० । “गाथा च गीतिका चापि तस्य सम्पद्यते नृप ! ॥”) संस्कृतान्यभाषा । सा तु प्राकृतभाषा । गेयम् । तच्च गीतम् । (यथा, मनुः । ९ । ४२ । “अत्र गाथा वायुगीताः कीर्त्तयन्ति पुराविदः । यथा बीजं न वप्तव्यं पुंसा परपरिग्रहे ॥”) वृत्तम् । तत्तु अक्षरसंख्यातं पद्यम् । इति मेदिनी । थे । ६ ॥
शब्दसागरः
सम्पाद्यताम्|
पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
गाथा¦ f. (-थां)
1. A verse, a stanza.
2. Metre, rhythm.
3. A song, a chant or verse to be chanted or sung.
4. Prakrita or any language not Sanskrit.
5. The same as the Aryya Metre, in which the verse con- tains sixty syllabic instants, variously arranged. E. गै to sing, थन् Unadi aff.
Apte
सम्पाद्यताम्|
पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
गाथा [gāthā], 1 Verse.
A religious verse, but not belonging to any one of the Vedas.
A stanza.
A song; कदा वाहेयिका गाथाः पुनर्गास्यामि शाकले Mb.8.44.26.
A Prākṛita dialect.
N. of the Aryā metre.
Legend, history (आख्यान); द्विजोपसृष्टः कुहकस्तक्षको वा दशत्वलं गायत विष्णुगाथाः Bhāg.1.19.15. -Comp. -कारः a writer of Prākṛita verses. -नाराशंसी epic songs and particularly those in praise of men or heroes.
Monier-Williams
सम्पाद्यताम्|
पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
गाथा/ गा f. id. RV.
गाथा/ गा f. a verse , stanza (especially one which is neither ऋच्, nor सामन्, nor यजुस्, a verse not belonging to the वेदs , but to the epic poetry of legends or आख्यानs , such as the शुनःशेप-आख्यानor the Suparn2. ) AV. TS. TBr. S3Br. etc.
गाथा/ गा f. the metrical part of a सूत्रBuddh.
गाथा/ गा f. N. of the आर्याmetre
गाथा/ गा f. any metre not enumerated in the regular treatises on prosody(See. ऋग्-गाथा, रिजु-गाथ, यज्ञ-गाथा.)
गाथा f. of थSee.
गाथा See. 3. गा.
Vedic Index of Names and Subjects
सम्पाद्यताम्|
पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
Gāthā in the Rigveda[१] usually means only ‘song,’ ‘verse,’ like Gātu.[२] In one passage,[३] however, it already has a more special sense, as it is classed with Nārāśaṃsī and Raibhī, a collocation repeatedly found later.[४] The commentators identify the three terms with certain verses of the Atharvaveda,[५] but Oldenberg[६] has shown that this identification is incorrect for the Rigveda. Gāthās are often mentioned elsewhere,[७] and are referred to as metrical in the Aitareya Āraṇyaka,[८] where the Ṛc, Kumbyā, and Gāthā are classed as forms of verse. The Aitareya Brāhmaṇa[९] distinguishes between Ṛc and Gāthā as divine and human respectively. According to the usage of the Brāhmaṇas and the liturgical literature, as stated by the St. Petersburg Dictionary, the Gāthās are, though religious in content, distinguished from Ṛc, Yajus, and Sāman as nonVedic--that is, are not Mantras. This view is consistent with the fact that the phrase Yajña-gāthā, meaning a verse summarizing a sacrificial usage, is not rare. The Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa[१०] preserves several Gāthās, which generally accord with this description as epitomizing the sacrifices of famous kings, and the Maitrāyaṇī Saṃhitā[११] states that a Gāthā is sung at a wedding. Sometimes[१२] Gāthā is qualified as Nārāśaṃsī, where it must be a eulogy of a generous donor.
Vedic Rituals Hindi
सम्पाद्यताम्|
पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्। |
गाथा स्त्री.
शुनःशेप के आख्यायन में ऋ.वे. ऋक्पादों के साथ अन्तःप्रकीर्ण पौराणिक आख्यान (कीथ.ऋ.वे.ब्रा 299- 3०9); आप.श्रौ.सू. 18.19.1० (राज.); इसका पाठ होता करता है, एवं अध्वर्यु का उत्तर (प्रतिगर) एक ‘गाथा’ के अनन्तर ‘तथा ऋचाओं के शंसन के पश्चात् ‘ओम्’ होता है, वही 13; तुल. हीस्टरमैन 158, हि.आ.ध. (2), 1218; (नाराशंसी गाथा) विशेषतः शौर्य-गाथाओं के गीत, इग्ग्लिंग. श.ब्रा.अं. XLIV, 98; का.श्रौ.सू.2०.2.7 (....गाथा गायत्युत्तरमन्द्रायाम्); 15.6.3 (ओमित्यृचां प्रतिगरस्तथेति गाथानाम्); आश्व.श्रौ.सू. 9.3.11; दो पादों की इकाई।
- ↑ viii. 32, 1;
71, 14;
98, 9;
ix. 99, 4;
gātha, i. 167, 6;
ix. 11, 4;
gātha-pati, ‘lord of song,’ i. 43, 4;
gāthā-nī, ‘leading a song,’ i. 190, 1;
viii. 92, 2;
ṛjugātha, ‘singing correctly,’ v. 44, 5;
gāthin, ‘singer,’ i. 7, 1. Cf. Hopkins, Journal of the American Oriental Society, 17, 65. - ↑ i. 151, 2;
ii. 20, 5;
iii. 4, 4;
iv. 4, 6;
v. 87, 8;
x. 20, 4;
122, 2. - ↑ x. 85, 6.
- ↑ Taittirīya Saṃhitā, vii. 5, 11, 2;
Kāṭhaka Saṃhitā, Aśvamedha, v. 2;
Aitareya Brāhmaṇa, vi. 32;
Kauṣītaki Brāhmaṇa, xxx. 5;
Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa, xi. 5, 6, 8, where Raibhī does not occur;
Gopatha Brāhmaṇa, ii. 6, 12. - ↑ Viz., Gāthā = Av. xx. 127, 12 et seq.;
Nārāśaṃsī = Av. xx. 127, 1-3;
Raibhī = Av. xx. 127, 4-6;
while ibid., 7-10, are known as Pārikṣityaḥ (scil., ṛcaḥ). - ↑ Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, 42, 238. Bloomfield, Hymns of the Atharvaveda, 689 et seq., seems to accept the identification even for the Rigveda.
- ↑ Av. x. 10, 20;
xv. 6, 4 (distinct from Nārāśaṃsī);
Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa, iii. 2, 4, 16;
xi. 5, 7, 10;
xiii. 1, 5, 6;
4, 2, 8;
5, 4, 2;
Taittirīya Āraṇyaka, ii. 10 (distinct from Nārāśaṃsī);
Chāndogya Upaniṣad, iv. 17, 9, etc. - ↑ ii. 3, 6, with Keith's note;
Satapatha Brāhmaṇa, xi. 5, 7, 10. - ↑ vii. 18. The story of Śunaḥśepa is described as śata-gātham, ‘told in a hundred Gāthās.’
- ↑ xiii. 5, 4, etc., and see xiii. 4, 2, 8, where the Gāthās are plainly Dānastutis, or ‘praises of gifts,’ just as the Nārāśaṃsī verses are declared to be in the Bṛhaddevatā, iii. 154.
- ↑ iii. 7, 3.
- ↑ Taittirīya Brāhmaṇa, i. 3, 2, 6. So Eggeling, Sacred Books of the East, 44, 98, takes Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa, xi. 5, 6, 8, where Sāyaṇa hesitates between identifying the two and distinguishing them. It seems reasonable to regard Gāthā as the wider term which covers, but is not coextensive with, Nārāśaṃsī.
Cf. Sāyaṇa's example of a Gāthā in his commentary on Aitareya Āraṇyaka, ii. 3, 6: prātaḥ prātar anṛtaṃ te vadanti, ‘they every morning tell an untruth,’ which is clearly not a Nārāśaṃsī.
Cf. Bloomfield, Hymns of the Atharvaveda, 689 et seq.;
Weber, Episches im Vedischen Ritual, 4 et seq.;
Max Müller, Ancient Sanskrit Literature, 493.