भरत

यन्त्रोपारोपितकोशांशः

कल्पद्रुमः

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

भरतः, पुं, (बिभर्त्ति स्वाङ्गमिति । बिभर्त्ति लोका- निति वा । भृ + “भृमृदृशियजीति ।” उणा० ३ । ११० । इति अतच् ।) नाट्यशास्त्रम् । मुनिविशेषः । स तु अलङ्कारादिशास्त्रस्य सूत्र- कर्त्ता । (भरतस्य शिष्यः । तस्येदमित्यण् । अणो लुक् ।) नटः । रामानुजः । दौष्मन्तिः । इति मेदिनी । ते, १३७-३८ ॥ शवरः । तन्तु- वायः । इति विश्वः ॥ क्षेत्रम् । भरतात्मजः । इति हेमचन्द्रः ॥ दुष्मन्तराजपुत्त्रभरतस्य पर्य्यायः । शाकुन्तलेयः २ दौष्मन्तिः ३ सर्व्व- दमनः ४ । इति त्रिकाण्डशेषः ॥ यस्त्रयस्त्रिंश- च्छतमश्वमेधं कृतवान् । पञ्चाशद्राजसूयं एव- मन्यान् नानाविधान् यज्ञानकरोत् । सप्तविंशति- सहस्रवत्सरानेकच्छत्रं राज्यं कृतवान् । तस्योत्- पत्त्यादिर्यथा, -- “दुष्मन्तो मृगयां यातः कण्वाश्रमपदं गतः । तत्रासीनां स्वप्रभया मण्डयन्तीं रमामिव ॥ विलोक्य सद्यो मुमुहे देवमायामिव स्त्रियम् । बभाषे तां वरारोहां भटैः कतिपयैर्वृतः ॥ तद्दर्शनप्रमुदितः संनिवृत्तपरिश्रमः । पप्रच्छ कामसन्तप्तः प्रहसन् श्लक्ष्णया गिरा ॥ का त्वं कमलपत्राक्षि ! कस्यासि हृदयङ्गमे ! । किं स्विच्चिकीर्षितं त्वत्र भवत्या निर्ज्जने वने ॥ व्यक्तं राजन्यतनयां वेद्म्यहं त्वां सुमध्यमे ! । न हि चेतः पौरवाणामधर्म्मे रमते क्वचित् ॥ ऋषभदेवः स्वं वर्षं कर्म्मक्षेत्रमनुमन्यमानः प्रद- र्शितगुरुकुलवासो लब्धवरैर्गुरुभिरनुज्ञातो गृह- मेधिनां धर्म्माननुशिक्ष्यमाणो जयन्त्यामिन्द्र- दत्तायामुभयविधं कर्म्म समाम्नायमभियुञ्जन्नात्म- जानामात्मसमानानां शतं जनयामास । येषां खलु महायोगी भरतो ज्येष्ठः श्रेष्ठगुण आसीत् येनेदं वर्षं भारतमिति व्यपदिशन्ति ।” इति श्रीभागवते ५ स्कन्धे ४ अध्यायः ॥ * ॥ पावक- पुत्त्रः । यथा, -- “पावनो लौकिको ह्यग्निः प्रथमो ब्रह्मणः स्मृतः । ब्रह्मौदनाग्निस्तत्पुत्त्रो भरतो नाम विश्रुतः ॥” इति मात्स्ये अग्निवंशो नाम ४८ अध्यायः ॥ रामानुजभरतस्य जन्म यथा, -- “भरतो नाम कैकेय्यां जज्ञे सत्यपराक्रमः । साक्षाद्विष्णोश्चतुर्भागः सर्व्वैः समुदितो गुणैः ॥” तस्यानुगतः शत्रुघ्नः । यथा, -- “भरतस्यापि शत्रुघ्नो लक्ष्मणावरजो हि सः । प्राणैः प्रियतरो नित्यं तस्य चासीत्तथा प्रियः ॥” स कुशध्वजकन्यां माण्डवीं परिणीतवान् । यथा, “भ्राता यवीयान् धर्म्मज्ञ एष राजा कुशध्वजः । अस्य धर्म्मात्मनो राजन् ! रूपेणाप्रतिमं भुवि ॥ सुताद्बयं नरश्रेष्ठ ! पत्न्यर्थं वरयामहे । तमेवमुक्त्वा जनको भरतञ्चाभ्यभाषत ॥ गृहाण पाणिं माण्डव्याः पाणिना रघुनन्दन ! ॥” स नन्दिग्रामे राज्यं कृतवान् । यथा, -- “सबल्कलजटाधारी मुनिवेशधरः प्रभुः । नन्दिग्रामेऽवसद्धीरः ससैन्यो भरतस्तदा ॥ सबालव्यजनं छत्रं धारयामास स स्वयम् । भरतः शासनं सर्व्वं पादुकाभ्यां निवेदयन् ॥ ततस्तु भरतः श्रीमानभिषिच्यार्य्यपादुके । तदधीनस्तदा राज्यं कारयामास सर्व्वदा ॥” इति रामायणे बालकाण्डे । १८ । ७२ । ७३ अध्यायाः । अयोध्याकाण्डे २४ अध्यायश्च ॥ तस्य द्वौ पुत्त्रौ । यथा, -- “भरतस्यात्मजौ वीरौ तक्षः पुष्कल एव च । मातुलेन सुगुप्तौ तु धर्म्मेण सुसमाहितौ ॥ भरतञ्चाग्रतः कृत्वा कुमारौ सबलानुगौ । निहत्य गन्धर्व्वसुतान् द्वे पुरे विभजिष्यतः ॥” इति रामायणे उत्तरकाण्डे १०१ अध्यायः ॥

अमरकोशः

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

भरत पुं।

नटः

समानार्थक:शैलालिन्,शैलूष,जायाजीव,कृशाश्विन्,भरत,नट

2।10।12।2।1

शैलालिनस्तु शैलूषा जायाजीवाः कृशाश्विनः। भरता इत्यपि नटाश्चारणास्तु कुशीलवाः॥

वृत्ति : नृत्यम्

 : स्त्रीवेषधारी_पुरुषः, भगिनीपतिः, विद्वान्, जनकः, युवराजः, नाट्योक्तराजा, राजपुत्री, राज्ञः_श्यालः, मान्यः

पदार्थ-विभागः : वृत्तिः, द्रव्यम्, पृथ्वी, चलसजीवः, मनुष्यः

वाचस्पत्यम्

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

भरत¦ पु॰ भरं तनोति तन--ड। (जडभरत) इति ख्याते

१ मुनिभेदे जडभरतकथा च

३०

१५ पृ॰ दृश्या नाट्यशास्त्रस्यअलङ्कारशास्त्रस्य च

२ कर्त्तरि मुनिभेदे

३ शवरे

४ तन्तुवाये

५ क्षेत्रे

६ केकयीसुते रामानुजे च। भरतेन प्रोक्तम् भारतंनाट्यशास्त्रमधीयते अण् तस्य लुक्।

७ तच्छ स्त्राध्येतृषुब॰ व॰।

८ दुष्मन्तेन शकुन्तलायामुत्पादिते पुत्रभेद पु॰ तस्याप-त्यानि इञ् तस्य बहुषु लुक्।

९ भरतवंश्ये नृपे पु॰ ब॰ व॰। दौष्मन्तिभरतकथा भाग॰

९ ।

१० अ॰ दृश्या

१० ऋषभदेवपुत्रभेदेभाग॰

५ ।

४ अ॰।

११ वह्निपुत्रभेदे
“पावनो लौकिको ह्यग्निःप्रथमो ब्रह्मणः सुतः। ब्रह्मौदनाग्निस्तत्पुत्रो भरतो नामविश्रुतः” मात्स्ये

४८ अ॰। रामानुजभरतस्य जन्म यथा
“भरतो नाम कैकय्यां जज्ञे सत्यपराक्रमः। साक्षा-द्विष्णोश्चतुर्भागः सर्वैः समुदितो गुणैः”।

१२ भौत्यमनुपुत्रभेदेमार्कपु॰

१०

० अ॰।

१३ आयुधजीविसंधभेदे पु॰ ततः यौधेया॰स्वार्थे अण्। भारत तदर्ये ब॰ व॰।

१४ ऋत्विक्षु ब॰ व॰निघण्टुः।

शब्दसागरः

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

भरत¦ m. (-तः)
1. The younger brother of RA4MA.
2. The son of DUSH- YANTA by SAKUNTALA
4.
3. The name of a sage or Muni.
4. The name of a celebrated writer on dramatic composition, of which he is also sometimes considered as the inventor; the term is also ap- plied to his work, which appears to have been a body of Su4tras, or rules relating to every branch of theatrical writing and exhi- bition; it is said to be lost, but is constantly quoted by the com- mentators on the Na4takas or Indian dramas.
5. An actor, a dancer, a mime.
6. A barbarian, a mountaineer, a savage.
7. A weaver.
8. A descendant of BHARATA. E. भृ to nourish, अतच् Una4di aff.

Apte

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

भरतः [bharatḥ], [भरं तनोति तन्-ड]

N. of the son of Duṣyanta and Śakuntalā, who became a universal monarch (चक्रवर्तिन्), India being called Bharatavarṣa after him. He was one of the remote ancestors of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas; cf. Ś.7.33.

N. of a brother of Rāma, son of Kaikeyī, the youngest wife of Daśaratha. He was very pious and righteous, and was so much devoted to Rāma that when the latter prepared to go to the forest in accordance with the wicked demand of Kaikeyī, he was very much grieved to find that his own mother had sent his brother into exile, and refusing the sovereignty that was his own, ruled the kingdom in the name of Rāma (by bringing from him his two sandals and making them the 'regents' of the realm) till he returned after his fourteen years' exile. भरतो नाम कैकेय्यां जज्ञे सत्यपराक्रमः । साक्षाद्विष्णोश्चतुर्भागः सर्वैः समुदितो गुणैः ॥ Rām.1.18.13.

N. of an ancient sage who is supposed to have been the founder of the science of music and dramaturgy.

An actor, a stage-player; तत्किमित्युदासते भरताः Māl.1.

A hired soldier, mercenary.

A barbarian, mountaineer.

An epithet of Agni.

A weaver.

N. of the sage Jaḍabharata. -Comp. -अग्रजः 'the elder brother of Bharata', an epithet of Rāma; अस्त्येव मन्युर्भरताग्रजे मे R.14.73. -ऋषभः N. of Viśvāmitra. ऋषभः, -शार्दूलः, -श्रेष्ठः the best or most distinguished of the descendants of Bharata. -खण़्डम् N. of a part of India; भरतवर्षे भरतखण्डे जम्बुद्वीपे दण्डकारण्ये. -ज्ञ a. knowing the science of Bharata or the dramatic science. -पुत्रः, -पुत्रकः an actor; a mime. -वर्षः 'the country of Bharata', i. e. India. -वाक्यम् the last verse or verses in a drama, a sort of benediction (said to be in honour of Bharata, the founder of the dramatic science); तथापीदमस्तु भरत- वाक्यम् (occurring in every play); cf. Nāg.5 (end.)-शास्त्रम् = नाट्यशास्त्रम्.

Monier-Williams

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

भरत m. " to be or being maintained " , N. of अग्नि(kept alive by the care of men) RV. Br. Kaus3.

भरत m. of a partic. अग्नि(father of भरतand भरती) MBh.

भरत m. a priest(= ऋत्विज्) Naigh. iii , 18

भरत m. an actor , dancer , tumbler Ya1jn5. Ma1lati1m. Prab.

भरत m. a weaver L.

भरत m. a hireling , mercenary L.

भरत m. a barbarian , mountaineer(= शबर) L.

भरत m. the fire in which the rice for Brahmans is boiled L.

भरत m. N. of रुद्र(the मरुत्s are called his sons) RV. ii , 36 , 8

भरत m. of an आदित्यNir. viii , 13

भरत m. of a son of अग्निभरतMBh.

भरत m. of a celebrated hero and monarch of India (son of दुष्यन्तand शकुन्तला, the first of 12 चक्र-वर्तिन्s or सार्वभौमs i.e. universal emperors) RV. Br. MBh. etc.

भरत m. of a son of ध्रुवसंधिand father of असितR.

भरत m. of a son of दशरथand कैकेयी(and younger brother of राम, to whom he was very much devoted) MBh. R. etc.

भरत m. of a son of ऋषभ, Pur.

भरत m. of a son of वीतिहोत्रVP.

भरत m. of a मनु(who gave the name to the country भारत) ib.

भरत m. of a son of मनुभौत्यMa1rkP.

भरत m. of a king of अश्मकVa1s. , Introd.

भरत m. of various teachers and authors ( esp. of an ancient मुनिsupposed author of a manual of the dramatic art called नाट्य-शास्त्रor भरत-शास्त्र)

भरत m. = जडभरत(See. ) A.

भरत m. = भरत-मल्लीक(below)

भरत m. pl. " the descendants of भरत" , N. of a tribe RV. etc.

भरत n. pl. N. of a partic. वर्षL.

Purana index

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

(I)--(जड): the eldest of the hundred sons of ऋषभ (नाभि) and जयन्ती; was devoted to नारायण; फलकम्:F1:  भा. V. 4. 9; 7. 3; XI. 2. १७.फलकम्:/F a महाभागवत; married पाञ्चजनी, daughter of विश्वरूप and she gave birth to five sons; was installed on the throne; protected his subjects righteously and performed यज्ञस् by the method of चातुर्होत्र; having spent a million years thus he divided his property among his sons and placed Sumati on his throne; he left for the hermitage of Pulastya as a hermit and became constant in the worship of Hari; gave up his kingdom and sought refuge in Hari; फलकम्:F2:  Ib. V. 5. २८; 7. (whole); X. ६०. ४१; वा. ३३. ५१-3.फलकम्:/F a sage; फलकम्:F3:  Ib. ४१. ४४.फलकम्:/F one day when sitting on the bank of the river चक्रनदी he saw a deer coming to the river and quenching her thirst; hearing a lion roar near by the deer took a leap when the young one slipped from her womb into the water and the deer herself fell dead; seeing this helpless one of a deer, Bharata loved it and brought it up as his own son; out of strong attachment to it he was born as a deer when he remembered his past life and was full of remorse; gave up his body by falling into the waters; फलकम्:F4:  भा. V. 8. (whole); Vi. II. chh. १४-16, २०.फलकम्:/F next he was born as the son of a Brahmana of the Angirasa line and with उपनयन the father taught him Vedic literature; on his parents' death his brothers found him mad and unpractical and appointed him to work in the fields; once a certain वृषल chieftain wanted to offer human sacrifice to भद्रकाली and finding that the victim had escap- [page२-538+ ३८] ed, his attendants took this जडभरत by force for sacrifice; at the point of his being sacrificed, काली who knew the Brahmana's spiritual virtue appeared in a ferocious form and cutting off the heads of all, rescued Bharata; फलकम्:F5:  भा. V. 9. (whole).फलकम्:/F once on his way to sage Kapila, King रहूगण felt the need for a palanquin-bearer and seeing Bharata the dull-witted at a distance on the banks of the इक्षुमती, asked him to bear his palanquin; finding it carried irregularly causing in- convenience to him the haughty king chastised the Brahmana and threatened him with punishment; to this Bharata made a learned reply that all his remarks were true and nothing would harm one who had realised himself; on this the king free from haughtiness, thought that he was a yogin, and perhaps Kapila incognito; so he asked him who he was; Bharata spoke on mind and its eleven courses modified by माया as obstacles to the dawn of knowledge; he continued to say that what was important was ज्ञान or knowledge which could be acquired by association with great and detach- ed men; in his own case he got defeated in his purpose by attachment to a deer. फलकम्:F6:  Ib. V. chh. १० and ११. (whole); and १२. 5-१६.फलकम्:/F Bharata described in metaphysical language सम्सार as a forest, and the जिवस् as a company of travelling merchants now meeting a Gandharva and now devils, now gathering wealth and now robbed of it; he then explained the implica- tions of सम्सार in plain language and said that the quest after desires and pleasures led one to acquire more कर्म and sow the seeds for a further cycle of births and deaths; फलकम्:F7:  Ib. V. १३. 1-२०; १४. 1-४१.फलकम्:/F was succeeded as king by his son Sumati, फलकम्:F8:  Ib. V. १५. 1.फलकम्:/F Manu so-called for sustaining the people; after him the वर्ष came to be known as भारत; फलकम्:F9:  Ib. V. 4. 9; 7. 3; XI. 2. १७; Br. II. १४. ६०-63; वा. ४५. ७६; Vi. II. 1, २८, ३२-4.फलकम्:/F desirous of the territory on earth. फलकम्:F१०:  भा. XII. 3. 9.फलकम्:/F [page२-539+ ३९]

(II)--a son of दशरथ; फलकम्:F1:  भा. IX. १०. 3; वा. ८८. १८४, १८९; Vi. IV. 4. ८७.फलकम्:/F had two sons तक्ष and पुष्कल who had गान्धार for their kingdom; फलकम्:F2:  भा. IX. ११. १२; Br. III. ६३. १८५; Vi. IV. 4. १०४.फलकम्:/F wore bark of wood and ate food dressed with गोमूत्र, took bed on the bare earth during राम's exile, when he was at Nandi- ग्राम meditating on the पादुका of राम he took his place on the शिला; his आश्रम, where holy men congregated; return- ed to अयोध्या with all royal paraphernalia on hearing of राम's arrival; embraced by राम; फलकम्:F3:  भा. IX. १०. ३४-40, ४३; वा. १०८. २४, ३३-5.फलकम्:/F was present at राम's coronation; फलकम्:F4:  Vi. IV. 4. १००.फलकम्:/F killed a number of Gandharvas. फलकम्:F5:  भा. IX. ११. १३.फलकम्:/F

(III)--a son of दुष्यन्त and शकुन्तला; an- nounced to दुष्यन्त as such by a voice from the air; an अम्श of Hari; brought up in his early age by the sage कण्व; became चक्रवर्ति after his father; anointed अधिराट्; per- formed ५५ horse sacrifices on the banks of the Ganges and the यमुना with the aid of Purodha मामतिय; he tied to the sacrificial post ३३०० horses and distributed liberally cows and elephants to priests; he brought under his subjection the किरातस्, हूणस्, Yavanas, आन्ध्रस्, and all the Mlecchas; he recovered the celestial women from रसातल; he ruled righteously for २७००० years; he had three wives of Vidarbha origin; as they did not resemble their father the nine sons born to these were killed by their mothers who feared that they might be set aside; to perpetuate his line, Bharata per- formed Marutsoma when the Maruts presented him Bharad- वाज, son of बृहस्पति whom he adopted as his son; फलकम्:F1:  भा. IX. २०. १७-35; M. ४९. ११-5, २८-31; वा. ९९. १३४; Vi. IV. १९. १०-16.फलकम्:/F made the १६ gifts; फलकम्:F2:  M. २७४. १२.फलकम्:/F again performed Marutsoma for getting a son; Bha- रद्वाज was born as Vitatha to Bharata when Bharata died. ^3 वा. ९९. १५२-8.

(IV)--a name of ब्रह्मन्दनाग्नि Br. II. १२. 8; वा. २९. 7. [page२-540+ २९]

(V)--also भारतवर्ष--a country adjacent to Meru: north of the sea and south of the हिमालयस्: nine divisions of; S. to N. १००० Yojanas, from कुमरी to the Ganges' source: E. to W. ९००० Yojanas: the किरातस् were on the East and the Yavanas on the West: slowly the four castes grew; seven Kulaparvatas; was peopled by the Aryas and the Mlecchas and fed by a number of rivers of ever flowing waters like the Ganges, Sindhu: contains a number of kingdoms and tribes: four Yugas in. Br. II. १५. ५०; १६. 4-६९; २९. २३; वा. ३४. ५७; ४१. ८५.

(VI)--a kingdom in the east, watered by the Ganges. Br. II. १८. ५०.

(VII)--born from the middle of the hand of ब्रह्मा. M. 3. ११.

(VIII)--the famous author of the नाट्यशास्त्र; got मेनका, ऊर्वशी and रम्भा to enact लक्ष्मीस्वयम्वर before Indra and पुरूरवस् when ऊर्वशी fell in love with the latter and forgot her अभिनय, for which Bharata cursed her. M. २४. २७-33.

(IX)--a son of Karandhama. M. ४८. 2.

(X)--a son of तालजन्घ and father of वृष. Vi. IV. ११. २४-5.

Purana Encyclopedia

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

Bharata, Bhārata  : m. (pl.): General characterization of the descendants of Bharata, the son of Duḥṣanta, very often used to refer to Kauravas, or to Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas, or to Pāṇḍavas; also used as an adj. (fem. -ī) mostly to refer to the lineage or the army of the Kauravas, occasionally used also to refer to their narrative and town.


A. Origin: The family was named Bhārata after Bharata; his descendants as well as those who preceded him (?) were known as Bhāratas; the fame of Bhāratas was due to Bharata (bharatād bhārātī kīrtir yenedaṁ bhārataṁ kulam/apare ye ca pūrve ca bhāratā iti viśrutāḥ) 1. 69. 49; 1. 89. 16; 13. 75. 26; (1. 1. 44).


B. Lineage (vaṁśa or kula), its importance: Since the lineage was established by Bharatas it was known as Bhārata (yenedaṁ (i. e. bharatena) bhārataṁ kulam) 1. 69. 49; bhārataṁ vaṁśam 1, 99. 47; Arjuna born in the lineage of Bharata (jātasya bhārate vaṁśe) 2. 16. 1; Duryodhana born in the lineage of Bharata (jāto 'si bhārate vaṁśe) 5. 7. 27; (bhārataṁ kulaṁ) 1. 69. 49; 1. 92. 12; it was respected by all kings (bhārate vaṁśe sarvapārthivapūjite) 5. 7. 27.


C. The narrative of Bhāratas, its importance: Vaiśaṁpāyana having received it from his teacher Vyāsa was eager to narrate the narrative of Bhāratas to Janamejaya, who was a worthy person to listen to it (śrotuṁ pātraṁ ca rājaṁs tvaṁ prāpyemāṁ bhāratīṁ kathām/guror vaktuṁ parispando mudā protsāhatīva mām//) 1. 55. 3; it was told in the sarpasatra of king Janamejaya (katheyam…bhāratānām) 1. 2. 74; one who listened to the narration of the birth of Bhāratas has no fear from diseases, least of all of the next world; it was holy, brought wealth, fame, long life and heaven; it is also large and leads to bliss (bhāratānāṁ mahaj janma śṛṇvatām …/nāsti vyādhibhayaṁ teṣāṁ paralokabhayaṁ kutaḥ//dhanyaṁ yaśasyam āyuṣyaṁ svargyaṁ puṇyaṁ tathaivaca) 1. 56. 24-25; (vaṁśaṁ…/tathaiva bhāratānāṁ ca puṇyaṁ svastyayanaṁ mahat/dhanyaṁ yaśasyam āyuṣyaṁ kīrtayiṣyāmi te 'nagha//) 1. 70. 2; Mahābhārata so called because it describes the life of the Bhāratas; that is the etymology of the word (bhāratānāṁ mahaj janma mahābhāratam ucyate/ niruktam asya yo veda) 1. 56. 31.


D. Description of Bhāratas: Magnanimous (mahātman) 1. 2. 74; 7. 61. 34; famous (bhāratā iti viśrutāḥ) 1. 69. 49; (prakhyāta) 1. 92. 12; (bharatavaṁśasya vipratasthe mahad yaśaḥ) 1. 89. 16; best men (uttamapuruṣa) 2. 64. 8.


E. Epic events:

(1) Bhīṣma after defeating the kings who came for the svayaṁvara of the Kāśi princesses left for Bhāratas (i. e. to the place where Bhāratas lived) (prāyād bhārato bhāratān prati) 1. 96. 24;

(2) Satyavatī asked Ambikā to bear a son (from Vyāsa) and rescue the Bhārata dynasty 1. 99. 47-48;

(3) Satyavatī asked Bhīṣma to get consecrated as a king and rule the Bhāratas 1. 97. 11;

(4) Satyavatī told Ambikā that due to the wrong policy of her son, Bhāratas and their relatives would perish 1. 119. 9 (that is what she had heard from Vyāsa 1. 119. 5);

(5) Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas born in the lineage of Bharata (bharatasyānvaye jātā..) 1. 122. 15;

(6) Bhīṣma told Duryodhana that if Pāṇḍavas did not get a share in the kingdom, neither could he nor any other Bhārata have one (kuta eva tavāpīdaṁ bhāratasya ca kasyacit) 1. 195. 6;

(7) When Kṛṣṇa arrived, the town of Bharatas (i. e. Indraprastha bhārataṁ puram) was delighted 2. 30. 15;

(8) When Draupadī was dragged to the Sabhā, she felt that the law of Bhāratas had perished (naṣṭaḥ khalu bhāratānām dharmas…) 2. 60. 33;

(9) Vidura felt that the end of Bharatas had arrived when Draupadī was brought to their Sabhā (etadantāḥ stha bharatā…) 2. 72. 27;

(10) When Bhīma vowed to break the thigh of Duryodhana Vidura felt that the unlawful course, ordained before by the fate, was proving true for the Bharatas (Kauravas) (daiverito nūnam ayaṁ purastāt paro 'nayo bharateṣūdapādi) 2. 63. 16;

(11) Arjuna reminded Bhīma, that the Bhāratas, since they were best men, did not answer back the harsh words, spoken or unspoken, by low men (na caivoktā na cānuktā hīnataḥ paruṣā giraḥ/bhāratāḥ pratijalpanti sadā tūttamapūruṣāḥ) 2. 64. 8 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 2. 72. 8: pratijalpanti pratyuttarayanti);

(12) The bad omens which occurred when Pāṇḍavas started for vanavāsa predicted extinction of Bhāratas (bhāratānām abhāvāya) 2. 71. 28;

(13) When Duryodhana and others sought refuge with Droṇa, he addressed them as well as the rest of the Bhāratas present in the Sabhā 2. 71. 33;

(14) Yudhiṣṭhira took leave of Bharatas like Bhīṣma, Bāhlīka Somadatta, and others (which included all those who sided with Kauravas) to go to vanavāsa (āmantrayāmi bharatāṁs tathā vṛddhaṁ pitāmaham) 2. 69. 1;

(15) Dhṛtarāṣṭra remembered that all Bhārata women, together with Gāndhārī, had cried fiercely when Draupadī was taken to Sabhā (prākrośan bhairavaṁ tatra) 2. 72. 19;

(16) If Duryodhana did not give Pāṇḍavas their share, that would bring calamity to Bharatas (bharatānām abhūtaye) 3. 30. 48;

(17) Yudhiṣṭhira reminded Bhīma what Duryodhana had stipulated for his single bait in the presence of all Bharatas (ekaglahārthaṁ bharatānāṁ samakṣam); he had said that if the Pāṇḍavas were found out by the spies of Bhāratas (Kauravas), they would have to spend another twelve years in the forest (avabhotsyante bhāratānāṁ carāḥ sma) 3. 35. 7, 9;

(18) Dhṛtarāṣṭra imagined that the army of Bhāratas (Kauravas) (bhāratī camūḥ) was torn on all sides (vidīrṇeva) hearing the sound of Arjuna's chariot 3. 46. 17; it would be distressed (vitrastā) for the same reason 5. 51. 16;

(19) Bhāratas (Pāṇḍavas) spent a month on the mountain Himavant (māso 'tha… vyatītas…bhāratānām) 3. 161. 16;

(20) Brāhmaṇas blessed Bharatas (Pāṇḍavas) (bharatān) at the end of their vanavāsa before taking their leave 3. 299. 25;

(21) Bhīṣma addressed the Bhāratas (Kauravas) before they sent spies to search Pāṇḍavas 4. 27. 2;

(22) Uttara did not dare enter the army of the Bhāratas (Kauravas) (bhāratīṁ senāṁ) 4. 36. 10;

(23) When Droṇa and Arjuna clashed with each other the large army of Bharatas trembled excessively (prākampata) 4. 53. 13;

(24) Dhṛtarāṣṭra wanted Saṁjaya to speak whatever was in the interest of the Bhāratas (bhāratānāṁ hitaṁ ca) when he would address the assembly of Virāṭa 5. 22. 39;

(25) Yudhiṣṭhira enquired with Saṁjaya whether the mothers of Bhāratas were free from grief (bhāratānāṁ jananyo…avyalīkāḥ) 5. 23. 14 (Nī., however, on Bom. Ed. 5. 23. 14; avyalīkāḥ niṣkapaṭāḥ);

(26) The king of Bāhlīkas always wished nothing but peace among the Bhāratas (yasya kāmo vartate nityam eva nānyaḥ śamād bhāratānām iti sma) 5. 30. 19;

(27) Saṁjaya predicted that the subjects would perish due to the conflict among Bhāratas 5. 32. 27;

(28) Dhṛtarāṣṭra feared that in the battle, destruction would overcome Bharatas (kṣayaḥ kilāyaṁ bharatān upaiti) 5. 51. 19;

(29) According to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the fighting of the Bhārata army (i. e. the Kaurava army) with Sātyaki was going to be an upstream task (pratīpam iva me bhāti yuyudhānena bhāratī) 5. 57. 21;

(30) Dhṛtarāṣṭra expected that Kṛṣṇa would address words to be honoured by Bhāratas (Kauravas and others on their side) (īrayantaṁ bhāratīṁ bhāratānāṁ abhyarcanīyāṁ…) 5. 69. 2 (Nī., however, on Bom. Ed. 5. 71. 2; bhāratānāṁ pāṇḍavānāṁ bhāratīṁ vācaṁ īrayantaṁ asmatsabhāyāṁ kathayantam);

(31) Kṛṣṇa was expected to pacify the Bhāratas (on the side of Kauravas) (bhāratāñ śamayeḥ prabho) 5. 70. 90;

(32) Due to Duryodhana's wrath, the Bhāratas (on both sides) would be burnt (bhāratā…dhakṣyante) 5. 72. 10;

(33) Kṛṣṇa assured Draupadī that before long she would see the women of Bharatas (Kauravas) weeping when they heard their kinsmen and relatives killed (rudatīr bharatastriyaḥ) 5. 80. 44-45;

(34) Kṛṣṇa was to embrace individually all Bharatas (senior ones on the side of Kauravas) in the assembly of Kauravas (sarvāṁś ca bharatān pṛthak…svajethā madhusūdana) 5. 81. 4748;

(35) On way to Hāstinapura, Kṛṣṇa saw many towns and countries happy and protected by Bhāratas (Kauravas) (bhāratair abhirakṣitāḥ) 5. 82. 17;

(36) Kṛṣṇa told Dhṛtarāṣṭra that if the Bharatas (Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas) remained united, they togethr would work for him (i. e. for Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (sahabhūtās tu bharatās tavaiva syur janeśvara) 5. 93. 16; he also advised Duryodhana to come to terms with Yudhiṣṭhira and be instrumental in achieving complete well-being and health for Bhāratas (Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas) (cara svastyayanaṁ kṛtsnaṁ bhāratānām anāmayam) 5. 123. 25; Kṛṣṇa requested Bhāratas in the Sabhā of Kauravas to listen to his words, if that pleased them, which were in their interest (bhavatām ānukūlyena yadi roceta bhāratāḥ) 5. 126. 35;

(37) To Kuntī, there could be nothing more grievous than Pāṇḍavas and their allies fighting with Bhāratas (Kauravas and the Bhāratas on their side) 5. 142. 12;

(38) Saṁjaya was going to describe to Dhṛtarāṣṭra the great war of the Bhāratas (Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas) 6. 16. 10;

(39) On the fourth day, Bhīṣma led the army of the Bhāratas (bhāratānām anīkinīnāṁ pramukhe) 6. 56. 1;

(40) Abhimanyu tormented the large army of Bhāratas (bhāratī sā mahācamūḥ) 6. 96. 18;

(41) On the tenth day, bad omens occurred for the army of Bhāratas (Kauravas) 6. 108. 6; according to Droṇa, the wrath of Yudhiṣṭhira was burning Bhāratas (Kauravas) 6. 108. 32; after Bhīṣma's fall, he was praised by the ancient forefathers of Bharatas (pitaraś caiva praśaśaṁsur…/bharatānāṁ ca ye pūrve) 6. 114. 111; with the fall of Bhīṣma, the army of the Bhāratas (Kauravas) (bhāratī…senā) was like a boat in a big ocean, shaken by wind in all directions and shattered 7. 1. 27-28; hearing Bhīṣma's fall Dhṛtarāṣṭra swooned, surrounded and touched by Bharata women (bharatastriyaḥ parivavrur mahārājam aspṛśaṁś caiva pāṇibhiḥ) 7. 9. 3;

(42) On the eleventh day, the eminent Bharatas (on both sides) took their arms and started for the war (niryayur bharataśreṣṭhāḥ śaśtrāṇy ādāya sarvaśaḥ) 7. 1. 21;

(43) Arjuna wielded in war the same bow against Kṣatriyas (Kauravas) which once before proved beneficial for Bharatas (Kauravas) fleeing in their fight (with Gandharvas cf. 3. 230 ff.) (yat tad anāmayaj jiṣṇur bharatānām apāyinām/dhanuḥ kṣemakaraṁ saṁkhye…/tad eva…kṣatravināśāya dhanur āyacchad arjunaḥ//) 7. 27. 15-16;

(44) On the thirteenth day, Abhimanyu attacked the army of Bhāratas (Kauravas) (abhyapatat senāṁ bhāratīm) 7. 40. 11; Abhimanyu, lying on the ground, was like the sun that had set after tormenting the army of Bhāratas (taptvā bhāratavāhinīm) 7. 48. 16;

(45) On the fourteenth day, Dhṛtarāṣṭra remembered that he had told Duryodhana that Pāṇḍavas would do what was in his interest if Bhīṣma and other elderly magnanimous Bharatas spoke to them on his behalf (bhīṣmasya ca mahātmanaḥ/ …anyeṣāṁ caiva vṛddhānāṁ bharatānāṁ mahātmanām) 7. 61. 33-34; Arjuna saw many omens when the Bharatas (Kauravas), desirous of fighting, were slowly getting ready for the battle (abhihārayatsu śanakair bharateṣu yuyutsuṣu) 7. 64. 3 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 7. 88. 3: abhihārayatsu sannahyamāneṣu abhiyujyamāneṣu vā praharatsv iti kecit); Arjuna attacked the army of Bhāratas (Kauravas) killing their eminent warriors (abhyagād bhāratīṁ senām) 7. 68. 26, (prāviśad) 56; the army of the Bhāratas was getting torn to pieces (dīryamāṇāṁ ca bhāratīm) 7. 85. 70; Arjuna had entered the army of Bhāratas (praviṣṭas tāta bhāratīm) 7. 85. 80, 82; the army of Bhāratas was reduced to a miserable condition (śocyeyaṁ bhāratī senā) 7. 98. 8; Sātyaki had entered the army of Bhāratas (bhāratīṁ senām) 7. 102. 16; (bhāratīm camūm) 7. 102. 34; the army of Bhāratas was besieged from behind and in front (sā purastāc ca paścāc ca gṛhītā bhāratī camūḥ) 7. 105. 12; Bhīma discharged arrows towards Bhārata warriors (sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra 7. 112. 28) who cut them asunder 7. 112. 26; Sātyaki was in the midst of the army of Bhāratas (here, the army of the Trigartas cf. 7. 116. 2) (bhāratīmadhyam); this army is described as full of the sound made by palms of hands and equipped with swords, śaktis and maces (talaghoṣasamākula, asiśaktigadāpūrṇa) 7. 116. 5; Sātyaki had entered the army of Bhāratas (bhāratīṁ senām) after Arjuna had fought with Bhārata heroes of great prowess (yodhitaś ca mahāvīryaiḥ sarvair bhārata bhāratatḥ) 7. 117. 43; Droṇa took it for granted that with the fall of Bhīṣma the army of the Bhāratas was as good as perished (tadaivājñāsiṣam ahaṁ neyam astīti bhāratī) 7. 126. 8 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 7. 126. 8: iyaṁ senā nāstity asya naṣṭety arthaḥ);

(46) Night war: During the night, the army of Bhāratas (bhāratī senā) adorned with jewels and gold and with ornaments like aṅgadas, ear-ornaments, niṣkas and weapons shone like the sky full of nakṣatras (dyaur tvāsīt sanakṣatrā) 7. 129. 24, 27; the army of Bhāratas (bhāratī senā) was getting killed by Arjuna 7. 132. 42; 7. 136. 16; when the Bhārata warriors (on the side of Kauravas) were in a difficult situation no one could offer them protection (majjatāṁ bhāratās nāṁ na sma dvīpas tatra kaścid babhūva) 7. 154. 41; Duryodhana proposed to divide the army of Bhāratas (on his side) and kill Arjuna (dvaidhīkṛtyādya bhāratīm) 7. 160. 22;

(47) On the sixteenth day, Kṛṣṇa pointed out to Arjuna the terrible destruction of the Bharatas (on both sides) that had taken place (mahāraudro vartate bharatakṣayaḥ) 8. 14. 27; Dhṛtarāṣṭra remembered that Arjuna had once protected Bharatas (Kauravas) (reference to the fight with Gandharvas 3. 230. ff.) (eko 'bhyarakṣad bharatān) 8. 22. 4;

(48) On the seventeenth day, the army of Bhāratas (Kauravas 8. 43. 54) running away when attacked by Bhīma's arrows appeared pitiable (bhāratī senā…kṛpaṇadarśanā) 8. 43. 55; Arjuna boasted that he laid low the army of Bhāratas (on the side of Kauravas) which shone like the army of gods (bhāratīcamu…devacamūprakāśā) 8. 49. 97; when the important heroes and other warriors as well as horses and elephants in the army of the Bhāratas (army of Kauravas) were killed in battle it looked like the sky devoid of the sun, the moon and the nakṣatras (hīnā sūryendunakṣatrair dyaur ivābhāti bhāratī//…seneyam) 8. 51. 48-49; the army of Bhāratas (bhāratī), along with that of the Saṁśaptakas, led by Duḥśāsana attacked Bhīma 8. 53. 9; the army of Bhāratas, afraid, was scattered by Bhīma in all directions (balaṁ…bhāratānāṁ… bhītaṁ diśo 'kīryata bhīmanunnam) 8. 54. 9; Bhīma showed to his charioteer the army of Bhāratas running away because it was covered by the arrows of Arjuna (bhāratīṁ dīryamāṇāṁ…sainyaṁ hy etac chādayaty āśu bāṇaiḥ) 8. 54. 21;

(49) On the eighteenth day, Arjuna, after the death of Śalya, killed Śuśarman, his sons and followers, and then turned towards the remaining army of Bhāratas (abhyagād bhāratīṁ senāṁ hataśeṣām) 9. 26. 46;

(50) It was proper for Yuyutsu to return to Kauravas after the destruction of Bharatas (on Kaurava's side) (bharatakṣaye) 9. 28. 91;

(51) At the end of the war, Dhṛtarāṣṭra asked Saṁjaya to narrate to him how the Bharatas (on both sides 9. 3. 1) were completely destroyed (bharatānāṁ mahākṣayam) 9. 2. 62;

(52) Scenes on the battlefield: Some of the women of Bharatas (Kauravas) stumbled, and some fell on the ground after visiting the battlefield (bharatastriyaḥ (kurustriyaḥ 11. 16. 10) / śarīreṣv askhalann anyā nyapataṁś cāparā bhuvi) 11. 16. 14; some of them (bharatayoṣitaḥ) were not able to recognize their husbands whose bodies were mutilated 11. 16. 53; (pitiable condition of the widows described by Gāndhārī 11. 16. 42-58); according to Somadatta's wife her husband was fortunate in that he was not alive to witness the terrible destruction of Bharatas (dāruṇaṁ bharatakṣayam) 11. 24. 4; Gāndhārī cursed Kṛṣṇa saying that Yādava women, with their husbands and relatives killed, would fall on the ground like the Bharata women (yathaite bharatastriyaḥ) 11. 25. 42;

(53) Bhagavān had told his son Apāntaratamas (Vyāsa 12. 337. 38, 43) that when Tiṣya (i. e. Kaliyuga) would arrive Kurus, called Bhāratas, would become famous kings, but there would be family feud resulting in mutual destruction (punas tiṣye ca saṁprāpte kuravo nāma bhāratāḥ/…teṣāṁ tvattaḥ prasūtānāṁ kulabhedo bhaviṣyati/parasparavināśārtham) 12. 337. 42-43;

(54) Bhīṣma, before abandoning his body, saw all Bhāratas (Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas) standing around him 13. 153. 24; after Bhīṣma's cremation, eminent Kurus, followed by Bharata women (anugamyamānā…bharatastrībhir) went to Bhāgīrathī 13. 154. 16;

(55) Arjuna and Kṛṣṇa saw Subhadrā and all other Bharata women surrounding Gāndhārī (sarvā bharatānāṁ striyas tathā…sthitāḥ sarvā gāndhārīṁ parivārya vai) 14. 51. 27;

(56) Uttaṅka asked Kṛṣṇa whether he (Kṛṣṇa) did what Uttaṅka had expected him to do in respect of Bharatas (Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas) (yā me saṁbhāvanā tāta tvayi nityam avartata/api sā saphalā kṛṣṇa kṛtā te bharatān prati) 14. 52. 14;

(57) Kuntī and all Bharata women cried in grief when they saw Uttarā fallen on the ground (sarvāś ca bharatastriyaḥ) 14. 68. 2; when Parikṣit was brought back to life, Bharata women were delighted and asked Brāhmaṇas to recite svastimantras for the benefit of Parikṣit (bharatastriyaḥ/brāhmaṇān vācayām āsuḥ) 14. 69. 4 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 14. 70. 5: vācayām āsuḥ svastīti śeṣaḥ); (striyo bharatasiṁhānām) 14. 69. 5;

(58) The best of the Bharatas (bharatasattamāḥ i. e. Pāṇḍavas) on their ‘great journey’ made a pradakṣiṇā of the earth 17. 1. 44.


F. Past events:

(1) When Saṁvaraṇa was the ruler of the Bhāratas, the land was oppressed by many calamities; a certain king of the Pāñcālas (not named) attacked the Bhāratas; Saṁvaraṇa fled with his wife and others from his country; the Bhāratas lived for a long time in an inaccessible place near a mountain in a country near the river Sindhu; Vasiṣṭha then visited the Bharatas; all Bhāratas welcomed him with a respectful guest offering and told him their condition; Saṁvaraṇa chose Vasiṣṭha, who had lived with them for eight years, to act as their purohita; he said ‘yes’ to Bhāratas; Saṁvaraṇa again occupied the town which was formerly held by Bharatas (abhyaghnan bhāratāṁś caiva sapatnānāṁ balāni ca/…abhyayāt taṁ ca pāñcālyo/… sindhor nadasya mahato nikuñje nyavasat tadā/nadīviṣayaparyante parvatasya samīpataḥ/tatrāvasan bahūn kālān bhāratā durgam āśritāḥ//…athābhyagacchad bharatān vasiṣṭho bhagavān ṛṣiḥ//…arghyam abhyāharaṁs tasmai te sarve bhāratās tadā/ taṁ samām aṣṭamīm uṣṭaṁ rājā vavre svayaṁ tadā/purohito bhavān no 'stu rājyāya prayatāmahe/om ity evaṁ vasiṣṭho 'pi bhāratān pratyapadyata//…bharatādhyuṣitaṁ pūrvaṁ so 'dhyatiṣṭhat purottamam/) 1. 89. 31-40.


G. bhārata as adj.: Besides its adjectival use in connection with vaṁśa (m.) or kula (nt.), and senā or camū (f.) (for which see above


B. and


E. ), bhārata is also occasionally used in connection with samiti, śrī or kīrti (all f.) and pura (nt.):

(1) Gathering (samiti): The brilliant gathering of Bhāratas (both Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas) around Bhīṣma lying on the bed of arrows shone like the sun in the sky (śuśubhe bhāratī dīptā divī vādityamaṇḍalam) 6. 116. 7;

(2) Glory (śrī) or fame (kīrti): (i) Bhīṣma appealed to Duryodhana not to destroy the glory of Bhāratas shining brightly among all kings (imāṁ śriyaṁ prajvalitāṁ bhāratīṁ sarvarājasu) 5. 123. 5; (ii) The fame of Bhāratas had its origin in Bharata (bharatād bhāratī kīrtir…) 1. 69. 49;

(3) Town (pura) i. e. Indraprastha: Described as the best town (purottamaṁ…bhārataṁ puram) 2. 30. 14-15.


H. Several persons referred to simply as belonging to the Bhāratas or as tiger or bull among the Bhā¤ratas, best or chief of them, rarely as an outcaste among the Bhāratas: A. Born in the line of Bharata (i) (1) bhārata:

(1) Akṛtavraṇa (?) 5. 175. 19 (was some one born in the Bharata lineage a follower of Paraśurāma ? (akṛtavraṇaḥ…rāmasyānucaraḥ priyaḥ (5. 175. 6).

(2) Arjuna 1. 126. 20; 1. 160. 10; 1. 165. 8; 1. 166. 14, 34; 1. 167. 17; 1. 168. 3; 1. 208. 19; 1. 209. 14; 2. 1. 4; 2. 3. 3; 2. 25. 13; 2. 64. 10-11; 3. 12. 41; 3. 13. 40; 3. 38. 4, 25; 3. 163. 4, 13; 3. 164. 29; 3. 169. 33; 3. 171. 2, 11, 15; 3. 172. 18; 3. 233. 16; 3. 296. 26; 4. 1. 14; 4. 5. 7; 4. 49. 7; 5. 77. 10; 5. 77. 12. 6. 24. 14, 18, 28, 30; 6. 25. 25; 6. 26. 7, 42; 6. 29. 27; 6. 33. 6; 6. 35. 2, 33; 6. 36. 3, 8-10; 6. 37. 19, 20; 6. 38. 3; 6. 39. 3; 6. 40. 62; 6. 78. 6; 6. 103. 88; 7. 117. 43; 7. 121. 26; 7. 123. 4; 7. 123, 36; 8. 14. 28, 31, 39, 55; 8. 40. 123; 8. 43. 21, 24, 39, 43, 52; 8. 49. 22, 34, 67; 8. 51. 2, 16, 17, 46, 65, 80, 104, 106; 10. 14. 3; 12. 328. 28, 34, 37-38, 44; 12. 330. 23, 42, 67; 14. 15. 19; 14. 72. 13; 14. 83. 6; 16. 9. 32.

(3) Janamejaya 1. 53. 10; 1. 58. 40, 42; 1. 59. 13-14, 19, 21, 29, 44; 1. 60. 44, 63; 1. 61. 63, 66; 1. 69. 37, 43, 51; 1. 70. 34; 1. 71. 21, 23, 27; 1. 78. 1; 1. 89. 18, 26-27; 1. 92. 44; 1. 94. 52, 68, 77; 1. 96. 19; 1. 97. 1; 1. 100. 15; 1. 103. 10, 12, 16; 1. 106. 3; 1. 107. 28; 1. 108. 18; 1. 111. 2; 1. 114. 10, 21; 1. 118. 5; 1. 119. 11, 29; 1. 123. 5, 62; 1. 124. 1, 26; 1. 125. 26; 1. 126. 13; 1. 127. 21; 1. 128. 14; 1. 135. 17; 1. 136. 6; 1. 138. 12; 1. 140. 12; 1. 145. 9; 1. 146. 36; 1. 150. 1; 1. 151. 7, 14; 1. 152. 4-5; 1. 155. 4; 1. 176. 9, 12; 1. 186. 4; 1. 187. 32; 1. 198. 7, 10; 1. 199. 13; 1. 204. 30; 1. 206. 5. 8; 1. 207. 1, 5, 7, 10; 1. 208. 19; 1. 209. 14; 1. 210. 12; 1. 211. 7, 16; 1. 212. 5; 1. 213. 57; 1. 214. 17, 20; 1. 216. 34; 1. 217. 9; 1. 218. 10, 38; 1. 219. 6, 8, 37-38; 1. 220. 4, 7, 18; 1. 224. 7, 20; 1. 225. 4; 2. 1. 15; 2. 3. 16; 2. 4. 3; 2. 5. 1; 2. 11. 73; 2. 12. 1, 17; 2. 17. 23; 2. 19. 21, 31; 2. 22. 20, 46, 52, 57; 2. 25. 1; 2. 27. 18; 2. 28. 8, 31; 2. 30. 43, 51; 2. 31. 4, 14; 2. 33. 27; 2. 32. 15; 2. 39. 14; 2. 53. 18; 2. 58. 38; 2. 61. 39; 3. 6. 4; 3. 7. 1; 3. 12. 25, 41; 3. 23. 48; 3. 40. 5, 50; 3. 42. 2; 3. 80. 11; 3. 93. 2, 7; 3. 114. 3; 3. 118. 1; 3. 143. 9, 21; 3. 146. 58; 3. 150. 2, 19; 3. 153. 30; 3. 154. 52; 3. 157. 43; 3. 158. 32; 3. 161. 16; 3. 162. 2; 3. 172. 3; 3. 176. 46; 3. 180. 39; 3. 192. 8; 3. 228. 1; 3. 229. 12; 3. 230. 2, 9, 23; 3. 233. 2, 9, 21; 3. 238. 32; 3. 240. 26, 29; 3. 243. 13, 17; 3. 251. 1; 3. 256. 24; 3. 284. 8; 3. 289. 10; 3. 295. 4; 3. 299. 27; 4. 1. 4; 4. 15. 8; 4. 22. 28, 30; 4. 30. 3; 4. 32. 1; 4. 36. 36; 4. 46. 13; 4. 57. 1, 16; 4. 59. 39; 4. 67. 13; 5. 7. 20; 5. 8. 6, 24; 5. 19. 28, 30; 5. 41. 8; 5. 46. 12; 5. 48. 1; 5. 54. 66; 5. 60. 29; 5. 82. 11; 5. 92. 45; 5. 122. 2; 5. 149. 74, 83; 5. 150. 24; 5. 151. 16; 5. 152. 1, 30; 5. 155. 38; 5. 196. 12; 5. 197. 1, 19; 6. 1. 29; 8. 1. 10; 9. 34. 24, 41; 9. 37. 18, 21, 30; 9. 38. 3, 22, 24; 9. 41. 3, 9, 10, 19; 9. 42. 2, 37; 9. 43. 48; 9. 44. 39, 43, 61, 65, 76, 80, 96-97, 99-100, 105; 9. 45. 2, 5, 7-8, 11, 13, 23-24, 27, 30, 83; 9. 47. 7, 11; 9. 48. 22; 9. 49. 11, 15, 57, 61; 9. 50. 1, 33, 37; 9. 62. 9; 11. 8. 3; 11. 11. 13; 11. 15. 8; 11. 25. 34; 11. 26. 32; 12. 38. 40; 12. 39. 3, 7, 19; 12. 40. 22; 12. 147. 20; 12. 326. 122; 12. 327. 19, 27; 12. 336. 63, 78; 12. 338. 6; 13. 18. 7; 14. 54. 35; 14. 55. 3; 14. 57. 45-46, 48; 14. 58. 9; 14. 60. 2; 14. 61. 11; 14. 62. 16; 14. 65. 29; 14. 69. 8, 11-12; 14. 70. 8; 14. 72. 13; 14, 73. 6; 14. 74. 12; 14. 75. 11; 14. 76. 13; 14. 77. 2, 6; 14. 91. 15; 14. 92. 4; 14. 94. 7, 18, 34; 15. 7. 6; 15. 9. 5; 15. 24. 2, 18; 15. 25. 5; 15. 28. 14; 15. 34. 1, 13; 15. 36. 9; 15. 41. 28; 15. 45. 44; 16. 3. 5, 12; 16. 4. 43; 16. 7. 2; 16. 8. 19, 44; 18. 2. 30; 18. 3. 6; 18. 5. 25.

(4) Duryodhana 1. 126. 15; 2. 44. 9; 2. 45. 37; 2. 51. 3; 2. 59. 4; 2. 71. 38; 3. 226. 2; 3. 228. 17-18; 3. 235. 21; 3. 236. 12, 14; 3. 239. 14; 3. 241. 14, 30, 33; 3. 242. 2; 4. 24. 20; 4. 25. 8; 4. 27. 8; 4. 28. 10; 5. 59. 21; 5. 63. 13; 5. 81. 3; 5. 89. 18; 5. 94. 22, 43; 5. 103. 1: 5. 122. 6, 11, 18, 26, 40-41, 44-45; 5. 123. 15; 5. 126. 4; 5. 127. 43; 5. 147. 29; 5. 153. 16; 5. 163. 12; 5. 165. 19; 5. 167. 7, 14; 5. 168. 1, 2, 4, 9, 18; 5. 169. 1, 15, 20; 5. 170. 22; 5. 173. 1, 10; 5. 174. 17; 5. 176. 20; 5. 177. 23; 5. 179. 1; 5. 180. 19, 22, 38; 5. 181. 5, 11, 16; 5. 182. 3, 7; 5. 183. 18; 5. 184. 12; 5. 185. 1-3, 6, 19, 22; 5. 187. 11, 39; 5. 191. 5; 5. 192. 7, 26; 5. 193. 53; 5. 194. 13, 14; 6. 62. 37; 6. 63. 21; 6. 84. 43; 6. 93. 12, 37-38; 6. 94. 17; 6. 95. 12; 6. 116. 51; 7. 5. 15; 7. 69. 41; 7. 105. 25; 7. 126. 26, 31; 7. 127. 18; 7. 133. 6; 7. 135. 5, 7, 14; 7. 145. 56; 7. 160. 26; 7. 165. 90, 92; 7. 166. 53; 8. 22. 32, 58; 8. 68. 9, 12; 9. 3. 27; 9. 17. 19; 9. 29. 13; 9. 30. 25, 30, 32-33, 59; 9. 31. 38, 52; 9. 58. 20; 10. 9. 27, 49; 12. 124. 18;

(5) Duḥśāsana 3. 238. 21; 7. 98. 21;

(6) Dhṛtarāṣṭra 1. 1. 184; 1. 130. 11; 1. 195. 3; 1. 196. 3, 5, 12; 1. 197. 6, 10, 22; 2. 45. 14, 31; 2. 46. 24, 26, 28; 2. 47. 1, 2; 2. 48. 35, 42; 2. 49. 4, 20, 23-24; 2. 50. 25; 2. 55. 15, 17; 2. 56. 10; 2. 63. 30; 2. 65. 1, 5; 2. 66. 30, 32; 2. 71. 10, 15-16, 21; 3. 9. 3, 8; 3. 12. 6, 25, 74; 3. 48. 2; 3. 228. 18; 5. 23. 7; 5. 32. 11; 5. 33. 78; 5. 34. 6, 70, 80; 5. 35. 65; 5. 36. 27; 5. 37. 11, 51, 55; 5. 38. 18, 31, 38, 41; 5. 39. 4; 5. 40. 10. 19; 5. 41. 2; 5. 43. 21; 5. 44. 5; 5. 45. 26; 5. 53. 1, 19; 5. 54. 5, 17, 20, 30, 46, 51, 54, 57, 64-65; 5. 56. 20, 41, 47; 5. 58. 2; 5. 60. 3, 7, 10; 5. 68. 4; 5. 85. 1; 5. 93. 3, 6, 12, 26, 45, 59; 5. 126. 39, 41; 5. 128. 27-29; 5. 138. 5; 5. 157. 1; 6. 2. 5, 30; 6. 3. 43; 6. 4. 21; 6. 4. 34; 6. 7. 5, 11, 30, 38; 6. 10. 5, 8, 32, 34, 41; 6. 11. 12-13; 6. 12. 20, 27; 6. 13. 28, 44; 6. 14. 13; 6. 16. 22, 44; 6. 18. 7, 18; 6. 20. 16-17; 6. 23. 24; 6. 24. 10; 6. 41. 88; 6. 42. 23; 6. 43. 19, 21, 29, 40, 49; 6. 44. 1, 19, 37; 6. 45. 4, 25, 59, 61; 6. 46. 50-51; 6. 47. 3, 21; 6. 48. 38, 59-60, 68; 6. 49. 10, 29, 32; 6. 50. 11, 38, 52^2; 6. 51. 1, 5, 30-31, 33, 43; 6. 52. 1. 14, 22; 6. 53. 1, 23, 27; 6. 54. 2, 14, 28; 6. 55. 3, 5, 13, 20, 38, 132; 6. 56. 1; 6. 58. 12, 17, 26, 56; 6. 59. 19, 29; 6. 60. 5; 6. 61. 15; 6. 65. 14, 21; 6. 66. 12; 6. 67. 11, 32; 6. 68. 22, 24; 6. 70. 5, 37; 6. 71. 2-3, 34-35; 6. 73. 71; 6. 74. 12, 20, 23, 31, 35; 6. 75. 27, 39; 6. 77. 19; 6. 78. 37, 39, 45; 6. 79. 28-30, 36, 49; 6. 80. 27, 51; 6. 81. 37; 6. 82. 6, 40; 6. 83. 11, 27, 30; 6. 84. 23; 6. 85. 32, 35; 6. 86. 22, 81; 6. 87. 4; 6. 90. 18; 6. 91. 62, 73, 79; 6. 92. 13, 43, 47, 76-77; 6. 93. 24; 6. 94. 3; 6. 95. 28, 31; 6. 96. 8; 6. 97. 13, 43, 49; 6. 98. 8, 18; 6. 99. 5, 41, 43; 6. 100. 7, 34; 6. 102. 14. 28; 6. 103. 2, 8; 6. 104. 9, 15, 17; 6. 106. 15, 28^2, 42; 6. 107. 2, 22, 51, 54-55; 6. 109. 15, 44; 6. 110. 16, 35; 6. 111. 3, 34-35, 43; 6. 112. 7, 10, 18, 51, 79, 124; 6. 113. 1, 5, 30; 6. 114. 3, 62-63, 87, 95; 6. 115. 15; 6. 116. 14; 7. 1. 32; 7. 6. 15; 7. 11. 13; 7. 12. 2, 17; 7. 13. 19, 40; 7. 14. 11, 19; 7. 16. 17; 7. 19. 28; 7. 20. 53; 7. 24. 33; 7. 27. 26; 7. 29. 34; 7. 31. 77; 7. 32. 18; 7. 35. 1, 40; 7. 37. 8; 7. 38. 7; 7. 40. 22; 7. 41. 15; 7. 47, 2; 7. 58. 5; 7. 64. 4; 7. 67. 22. 41, 60; 7. 68. 19, 27, 59-60; 7. 69. 75; 7. 70. 20, 30-31, 48; 7. 71. 21; 7. 72. 23; 7. 73. 15, 27, 41; 7. 74. 13; 7. 75. 12, 26; 7. 80. 10; 7. 81. 18, 29, 34; 7. 82. 9, 14, 16, 21, 25; 7. 85. 13; 7. 90. 4, 28; 7. 91. 32; 7. 93. 26; 7. 94. 5; 7. 95. 45; 7. 97. 11, 18, 23-24; 7. 98. 37; 7. 99. 16, 26-27; 7. 100. 22, 26; 7. 101. 4, 20, 40, 53, 57; 7. 102. 2, 53; 7. 103. 4; 7. 104. 30, 32; 7. 106. 44; 7. 109. 13, 17; 7. 111. 6, 32; 7. 112. 14, 26, 32; 7. 113. 21; 7. 114. 6. 10; 7. 115. 11, 22; 7. 117. 43; 7. 120. 2, 58; 7. 124. 1; 7. 126. 3; 7. 128. 14, 21; 7. 130. 13. 36; 7. 131. 95, 100, 113; 7. 132. 19, 31, 37; 7. 134. 45; 7. 137. 29, 32, 43; 7. 138. 7; 7. 139. 3; 7. 140. 14; 7. 141. 39; 7. 142. 1, 32; 7. 143. 1, 26, 34. 42; 7. 144. 26, 33; 7. 145. 7, 68; 7. 146. 8-9, 18, 29; 7. 147. 14; 7. 148. 17; 7. 150. 19, 55; 7. 152. 39; 7. 153. 24, 37; 7. 155. 2; 7. 159. 16, 28, 30-31; 7. 160. 26; 7. 162. 3, 20; 7. 163. 18, 32; 7. 164. 82, 154; 7. 165. 2, 72; 7. 166. 60; 7. 167. 3; 7. 170. 43; 7. 171. 22; 7. 172. 21, 27, 29; 8. 2. 3; 8. 4. 77; 8. 6. 1, 4, 46; 8. 7. 31; 8. 9. 11; 8. 10. 19, 25-26; 8. 11. 24, 26; 8. 12. 17; 8. 14. 31; 8. 16. 14; 8. 17. 6, 40, 47, 56, 85, 91; 8. 18. 14, 18, 42; 8. 19. 3, 27, 65; 8. 20. 6, 21; 8. 21. 37; 8. 23. 54; 8. 26. 5; 8. 32. 36-37; 8. 33. 14, 47, 66; 8. 35. 37, 43, 56; 8. 36. 8, 10, 23, 35, 38; 8. 37. 12, 33, 36; 8. 38. 3, 16; 8. 39. 23-24; 8. 40. 15, 53, 62, 92, 128; 8. 42. 3; 8. 44. 22, 27; 8. 45. 5, 13, 20, 54; 8. 50. 42; 8. 52. 1; 8. 53. 9; 8. 54. 9; 8. 55. 28-29, 37, 50, 69; 8. 56. 25, 49-50; 8. 58. 2, 22, 24; 8. 59. 39; 8. 63. 8, 32, 62; 8. 64. 9; 8. 65. 45; 8. 66. 18, 37; 8. 68. 1, 59; 9. 1. 30, 36; 9. 3. 4; 9. 6. 6, 18; 9. 7. 5, 17, 39; 9. 8. 5, 15, 19, 43; 9. 12. 24; 9. 13. 14, 16, 25, 32; 9. 15. 43, 59; 9. 16. 85; 9. 17. 16, 26; 9. 18. 6; 9. 19. 22; 9. 21. 4, 8, 20, 35, 43; 9. 22. 77; 9. 23. 60; 9. 24. 18, 24; 9. 25. 1, 35; 9. 26. 4, 51; 9. 27. 6-7, 16, 31, 62; 9. 28. 13^2-14; 9. 29. 52, 55; 9. 30. 15; 9. 33. 15; 9. 54. 4; 9. 56. 15, 24, 27; 9. 57. 48, 58; 9. 60. 25, 51-52; 9. 61. 31; 9. 62. 38-39, 45; 9. 63. 43; 10. 1. 32, 38; 10. 7. 18, 21, 27, 51; 10. 8. 12, 17, 27, 92, 109; 10. 10. 5; 11. 1. 25; 11. 2. 4; 11. 3. 8, 11; 11. 7. 4. 8, 16-17, 19; 11. 8. 3, 14, 31, 39, 42; 11. 10. 18; 11. 12. 6; 11. 26. 13; 15. 19. 10; 15. 35. 9-10;

(7) Nakula: 12. 160. 30, 50;

(8) Pāṇḍu: 1. 106. 3; 1. 109. 11, 21; 1. 112. 3; 1. 113. 36;

(9) Bhīmasena: 1. 137. 22; 2. 64. 16; 3. 35. 1, 10; 3. 37. 3-4, 10; 3. 142. 25; 3. 147. 40; 3. 149. 18, 24; 3. 150. 7; 3. 232. 18; 3. 296. 33; 4. 2. 16; 4. 17. 2, 6-7, 28; 4. 18. 1, 24, 35; 4. 19. 11; 4. 20. 31-32; 4. 21. 29; 4. 32. 18; 5. 73. 22; 5. 75. 9; 6. 50. 38; 7. 109. 11; 9. 60. 15-16; 10. 12. 2; 10. 16. 33; 11. 14. 12;

(10) Bhīṣma: 1. 94. 57, 62; 1. 96. 24; 1. 97. 9; 1. 99. 4, 9-10; 2. 38. 39; 2. 39. 8; 2. 41. 18; 3. 80. 53; 5. 172. 5; (5. 175. 19 if bhārata is a mistake for bhārataḥ; otherwise Akṛtavraṇa, see No. 1); 5. 176. 41; 5. 178. 7^2; 5. 184. 12; 6. 15. 15; 6. 54. 32; 6. 93. 37-38; 6. 105. 21; 6. 112. 88; 7. 3. 9, 19; 12. 50. 16-17, 31-32; 12. 51. 11; 12. 54. 33; 12. 59. 5; 12. 69. 2; 12. 79. 1; 12. 102. 1; 12. 108. 5, 7; 12. 109. 1; 12. 110. 1; 12. 115. 1; 12. 116. 13; 12. 120. 1; 12. 122. 51; 12. 124. 3; 12. 128, 1; 12. 129. 2; 12. 138. 1; 12. 139. 3; 12. 141. 5; 12. 158. 1, 3; 12. 189. 3; 12. 203. 1; 12. 213. 1; 12. 215. 1; 12. 252. 3, 14; 12. 263. 1; 12. 266. 1; 12. 289. 42; 13. 8. 1; 13. 25. 1, 6; 13. 49. 19; 13. 57. 2, 5; 13. 61. 2; 13. 62. 23, 30, 36, 38; 13. 63. 17; 13. 66. 1; 13. 76. 2; 13. 109. 31;

(11) Māndhātṛ (?): 12. 92. 54; 12. 122. 51;

(12) Yudhiṣṭhira: 1. 155. 4; 2. 5. 12, 17, 64, 95; 2. 6. 10; 2. 7. 4, 19; 2. 8. 32; 2. 9. 6, 21; 2. 10. 9, 17; 2. 11. 9, 16, 22, 27, 39, 62, 66; 2. 13. 1, 14, 40, 60; 2. 17. 10, 23; 2. 33. 22; 2. 34. 11; 2. 37. 11; 2. 60. 7: 2. 65. 5, 11; 2. 67. 2, 13, 20; 2. 69. 11, 20; 3. 2 77; 3. 3. 12; 3. 15. 5; 3. 18. 23; 3. 21. 20, 25, 34; 3. 22. 10, 26; 3. 23. 4, 8; 3. 28. 7, 13, 26; 3. 31. 4, 11 23, 28; 3. 33. 2, 6, 47, 54-55; 3. 34. 8, 79, 84; 3. 37. 23; 3. 48. 25; 3. 50. 6; 3. 51. 1; 3. 52. 1; 3. 54. 10, 13, 22, 25^2, 27; 3. 56. 16; 3. 60. 28, 30; 3. 61. 112; 3. 62. 42; 3. 65. 31; 3. 66. 11; 3. 71. 16, 21; 3. 72, 29; 3. 73. 23; 3. 80. 11, 17, 53, 85, 113, 120, 125; 3. 81. 4, 47, 49, 58, 64-65, 68, 73, 80, 117, 124; 3 82. 9-10, 13, 15, 17, 43, 46, 55-56, 64, 71, 77-78, 106, 118; 3. 83. 5, 35, 38, 44, 74, 77, 100; 3. 85. 4; 3. 86. 1^2, 9, 12; 3. 87. 2, 13; 3. 88. 4; 3. 89. 22; 3. 91. 8; 3. 92. 7; 3. 93. 17, 21; 3. 94. 20; 3. 97. 15, 23; 3. 103. 9; 3. 104. 7; 3. 106. 23; 3. 109. 15, 17; 3. 111. 1; 3. 115. 10; 3. 116. 18; 3. 117. 6; 3. 121. 13; 3. 125. 12; 3. 126. 32; 3. 128. 6-7; 3. 129. 11, 17; 3. 130. 1, 11, 18; 3. 135. 13-14, 23; 3. 137. 2, 5, 13; 3. 139. 7, 15; 3. 140. 1, 10; 3. 141. 8-9, 21; 3. 144. 6; 3. 154. 26; 3. 159. 2, 21; 3. 160. 22, 37; 3. 163. 27; 3. 164. 1, 3, 18, 40, 53, 57; 3. 166. 14, 2; 3. 167. 1, 19; 3. 168. 11; 3. 169. 8; 3. 170. 30, 41, 49; 3. 171. 9; 3. 173. 12-13; 3. 178. 2; 3. 186. 44, 59-60, 74, 76, 83, 90, 94; 3. 188. 34, 37; 3. 189. 7; 3. 192. 8; 3. 195. 34; 3. 196. 18; 3. 197. 1; 3. 202. 1; 3. 203. 1; 3. 207. 18; 3. 209. 17; 3. 210. 4; 3. 212. 23; 3. 244. 5; 3. 245. 16; 3. 261. 8; 3. 263. 26; 3. 266. 31; 3. 274. 8; 3. 278. 1; 3. 279. 22; 3. 296. 4; 3. 298. 17; 4. 2. 26; 4. 3. 16; 4. 5. 14; 4. 17. 28; 5. 8. 21, 37; 5. 9. 2, 51; 5. 12. 10; 5. 14. 8; 5. 18. 12; 5. 23. 5; 5. 70. 5; 5. 71. 13, 33; 5. 130. 11; 5. 148. 6, 10; 5. 149. 41; 5. 154. 30; 6. 21. 17; 6. 41. 13, 33; 6. 111. 14; 7. 86. 35; 7. 87. 44; 7. 124. 21; 7. 158. 60; 8. 31. 32; 8. 47. 12; 8. 49. 81, 83; 9. 6. 24, 27-28; 9. 30. 6, 35, 47; 9. 32. 13; 9. 61. 22; 10. 10. 5; 10. 12. 2, 11, 23; 10. 17. 9; 10. 18. 7; 11. 11. 9; 11. 17. 15; 11. 26. 21; 12. 2. 2; 12. 3. 8; 12. 4. 3, 8, 10-11; 12. 5. 5; 12. 10. 14; 12. 12. 5, 12; 12. 13. 1, 6, 11; 12. 14. 14, 26-27; 12. 15. 17, 54^2; 12. 18. 2; 12. 20. 6; 12. 21. 6; 12. 25. 5-6; 12. 29. 38; 12. 30. 28; 12. 32. 11, 20, 22, 24; 12. 34. 17, 21, 34; 12. 35. 12, 32; 12. 36. 1, 12, 24; 12. 39. 40, 44; 12. 43. 17; 12. 49. 5, 38; 12. 54. 8; 12. 56. 22, 58; 12. 57. 40; 12. 59. 15; 12. 60. 13, 27, 36, 43; 12. 66. 11-13, 19, 35; 12. 68. 2; 12. 69. 30; 12. 70. 2; 12. 72. 6, 22; 12. 76. 2, 6, 8; 12. 79. 7; 12. 83. 1, 3, 67; 12. 84. 3; 12. 87. 2; 12. 88. 7, 18; 12. 89. 26; 12. 90. 18, 25; 12. 92. 55; 12. 97. 21; 12. 101. 4, 10, 21; 12. 103. 5, 17, 34, 40; 12. 108. 24; 12. 109. 9, 17; 12. 110. 4; 12. 113. 18; 12. 114. 2; 12. 118. 28; 12. 121. 28; 12. 122. 55; 12. 124. 5; 12. 125. 24; 12. 128. 8, 13, 20, 44-45; 12. 131. 10, 16; 12. 134. 3; 12. 136. 12, 15-16, 208, 211; 12. 138. 2; 12. 139. 40; 12. 140. 8, 15, 19; 12. 141. 26; 12. 151. 34; 12. 152. 24; 12. 153. 9; 12. 154. 36; 12. 156. 3, 7, 22-23; 12. 157. 14; 12. 163. 1; 12. 164. 10; 12. 165. 18-19; 12. 167. 18; 12. 171. 2; 12. 187. 11, 26, 28; 12. 188. 20; 12. 200. 20, 23; 12. 214. 6; 12. 217. 1; 12. 218. 37; 12. 221. 12; 12. 222. 3; 12. 253. 20; 12. 256. 22; 12. 258. 69; 12, 263. 40; 12. 265. 8, 17, 22; 12. 270. 14; 12. 273. 3, 11, 21, 41; 12. 274. 4-5, 12, 57; 12. 275. 2; 12. 290. 12, 41, 50, 60, 69, 7172, 84, 87, 92-93; 12. 297. 49; 12. 298. 3; 12. 308. 3; 12. 311. 20; 12. 312. 4, 39, 46; 12. 313. 1; 12. 316. 4; 12. 319. 1; 12. 320. 9, 13, 38; 12. 324. 2, 27; 12. 326. 107; 12. 336. 13, 35; 12. 353. 8; 13. 2. 6, 18, 75, 95; 13. 4. 21; 13. 9. 4, 7, 18; 13. 10. 11-12, 35; 13. 14. 41; 13. 15. 6, 27; 13. 16. 9; 13. 18. 59; 13. 19. 10; 13. 24. 5, 7, 18, 21, 37^2, 39, 46, 63, 65, 82, 84, 88, 92, 98, 101; 13. 30. 16; 13. 31. 8, 19, 29; 13. 33. 2; 13. 37. 9; 13. 40. 27; 13. 42. 6, 12, 15; 13. 44. 23; 13. 46. 14; 13. 47. 10, 15, 19, 21, 54; 13. 49. 5, 7; 13. 52. 7, 22, 27; 13. 53. 8, 51; 13. 54. 3, 8, 33; 13. 57. 7. 26; 13. 58. 14; 13. 59. 4. 13. 60. 13-14, 17-18, 21, 23; 13. 62. 4; 13. 65. 37-38, 53, 56; 13. 76. 27; 13. 80. 28; 13. 81. 25; 13. 82. 47; 13. 90. 43-44, 47; 13. 92. 3, 7; 13. 93. 6; 13. 94. 3, 10; 13. 98. 16, 21; 13. 99. 26; 13. 100. 2; 13. 101. 2; 13. 102. 13; 13. 103. 19; 13. 104. 2; 13. 106. 5; 13. 107. 97, 114, 117-119, 132, 135, 140; 13. 108. 2-3, 16, 18; 13. 109. 9, 14; 13. 110. 137; 13. 111. 15; 13. 112. 32, 41, 43, 58, 60, 72, 82-83, 101, 106, 111; 13. 113. 28; 13. 116. 18; 13. 117. 6, 19, 26, 34; 13. 137. 2; 13. 143. 16; 13. 145. 15, 29; 13. 147. 6; 13. 153. 48; 14. 2. 20; 14. 3. 3, 8; 14. 4. 5; 14. 5. 6; 14. 6. 1; 14. 13. 1, 5, 8; 14. 70. 2425; 15. 8. 10; 15. 9. 18; 15. 10. 2; 15. 11. 8-9; 15. 12. 6, 15; 15. 33. 6; 15. 45. 14; 15. 47. 1; 17. 3. 17, 21; 18. 2. 35; 18. 3. 32;

(13) Vidura 1. 192. 18 (? or Janamejaya ?); 1. 198. 4; 2. 57. 11; 3. 6. 17;

(14) Śaṁtanu 1. 93. 42, 46; 1. 94. 33;

(15) Any one of the Bhāratas (unspecified) 1. 195. 6;


B. The most excellent, best or noblest among the Bharatas, the great warrior among them; (i) bharataprabarha (pl.):

(1) Pāṇḍavas 3. 25. 25;

(2) Yudhiṣṭhira 3. 24. 7; (ii) bharatapravīra: Bhīma 3. 35. 18; (iii) bharatarṣabha (lit. bull of the Bharatas):

(1) Arjuna 1. 158. 54; 1. 165. 3, 25, 39; 1. 172. 10; 1. 206. 6; 1. 207. 5, 21; 1. 208. 1; 1. 212. 2; 2. 23. 6; 3. 38. 11; 3. 168. 15 (?); 5. 160. 1; 6. 22. 16; 6. 25. 41; 6. 29. 11, 16; 6. 30. 23; 6. 35. 26; 6. 36. 12; 6. 39. 12; 6. 40. 36; 6. 102. 34; 7. 50. 65; 7. 78. 7; 8. 43. 20, 45, 49, 51; 8. 43. 74; 8. 49. 25; 8. 51. 108; 8. 65. 24; 14. 15. 30; 14. 16. 15; 14. 19. 52, 58; 14. 80. 18; 16. 9. 6, 36;

(2) Janamejaya 1. 55. 5; 1. 56. 33; 1. 58. 9, 16, 23, 25; 1. 61. 83, 88^2; 1. 73. 1; 1. 89. 52; 1. 93. 8; 1. 94. 5, 39, 66, 74; 1. 95. 4; 1. 96. 39; 1. 101. 4; 1. 105. 12; 1. 106. 6; 1. 111. 4; 1. 122. 46; 1. 123. 51, 68; 1. 128. 5; 1. 132. 2; 1. 133. 6; 1. 134. 8; 1. 138. 13; 1. 139. 11; 1. 145. 7; 1. 151. 21; 1. 164. 1; 1. 176. 30; 1. 216. 33; 1. 225. 19; 2. 1. 8; 2. 20. 30; 2. 22. 6, 37, 55; 2. 23. 17; 2. 28. 55; 2. 30. 36, 53; 2. 42. 45; 2. 43. 1; 2. 60. 14; 2. 66. 3; 3. 23. 50; 3. 48. 1; 3. 109. 1; 3. 153. 1, 21; 3. 157. 19; 3. 159. 25; 3. 182. 21; 3. 192. 1; 3. 240. 31; 3. 241. 23; 3. 243. 6; 3. 245. 1; 3. 275. 62; 3. 296. 29; 4. 5. 15; 4. 30. 29; 4. 36. 46; 4. 53. 58, 63; 4. 57. 13; 4. 58. 13; 4. 67. 38; 5. 18. 21; 5. 19. 26; 5. 46. 7; 5. 82. 15; 5. 87. 7; 5. 123. 1; 5. 129. 15; 5. 155. 34; 5. 156. 2; 6. 1. 26; 6. 5. 2; 6. 17. 12-13; 6. 22. 1; 6. 103. 54; 6. 105. 29; 7. 168. 2; 8. 3. 4; 9. 1. 49-50; 9. 2. 50; 9. 34. 19, 26; 9. 40. 20; 9. 44. 34; 9. 45. 29, 32, 36, 42, 63, 92; 9. 50. 24; 9. 62. 7; 10. 13. 10; 14. 56. 19; 14. 57. 56; 14. 58. 14; 14. 68. 5, 24; 14. 69. 7; 14. 72. 16; 14. 75. 1; 14. 77. 46; 14. 78. 13; 14. 83. 11; 14. 87. 14; 14. 90. 26; 14. 91. 3, 37; 15. 13. 4, 21; 15. 16. 26; 15. 20. 17; 15. 22. 7; 15. 25. 2; 15. 29. 18; 15. 30. 13, 18; 15. 32. 1; 15. 41. 9; 15. 47. 10; 16. 8. 28; 17. 1. 20; 18. 5. 7, 9, 38 (?);

(3) Duryodhana 2. 50. 2, 4, 15; 2. 57. 15; 3. 8. 8; 3. 11. 27; 4. 24. 16; 5. 7. 27; 5. 31. 22; 5. 48. 27; 5. 54. 22; 5. 60. 5; 5. 122. 9, 13, 17, 27, 31-32, 37, 51; 5. 123. 17, 19; 5. 124. 13, 15; 5. 127. 21, 45, 53; 5. 160. 26; 5. 169. 21; 5. 170. 10, 12; 5. 171. 8; 5. 172. 18; 5. 179. 15; 5. 180. 27, 36; 5. 183. 9; 5. 190. 18; 5. 192. 8; 5. 193. 1, 60; 6. 63. 2; 6. 105. 25; 7. 16. 12; 7. 164. 31; 8. 22. 52; 9. 3. 40; 9. 54. 28; 9. 64. 14;

(4) Dhṛtarāṣṭra 1. 195. 7; 1. 196. 8; 2. 45. 4, 28; 2. 50. 16; 2. 55. 14; 2. 63. 28; 2. 66. 17, 21; 2. 71. 12; 2. 72. 35; 3. 6. 15; 3. 48. 22; 5. 33. 21, 25, 34 55; 5. 34. 47; 5. 35. 67; 5. 36. 58; 5. 39. 17, 21; 5. 48. 41; 5. 49. 31, 43; 5. 53. 3, 14; 5. 54. 7, 24, 41, 50; 5. 57. 12; 5. 60. 5; 5. 62. 18-19; 5. 93. 10, 12, 21, 29, 36-39, 43, 47, 50; 5. 164. 7; 5. 166. 22; 6. 2. 13; 6. 5. 9; 6. 8. 17, 20, 26; 6. 9. 17; 6. 10. 56; 6. 11. 3, 7; 6. 12. 11; 6. 14. 3; 6. 17. 12, 19; 6. 19. 22, 38-39, 44; 6. 22. 21; 6. 42. 21; 6. 43. 4; 6. 44. 4, 48; 6. 45. 3, 6, 26, 51, 63; 6. 46. 1, 46; 6. 48. 28, 57; 6. 50. 33, 61, 108, 110; 6. 51. 10; 6. 57. 24; 6. 60. 15, 72; 6. 64. 18; 6. 66. 6-7, 15; 6. 67. 8, 16, 2728; 6. 70. 30; 6. 73. 1; 6. 78. 30; 6. 86. 84; 6. 88. 2, 33; 6. 92. 27; 6. 95. 49; 6. 97. 36; 6. 98. 38; 6. 101. 3, 21; 6. 102. 15; 6. 104. 7, 21, 23; 6. 105. 5, 13, 29; 6. 106. 3; 6. 110. 31; 6. 112. 78, 84, 88; 6. 113. 21; 6. 114. 19, 102; 6. 116. 9; 7. 18. 8; 7. 40. 11; 7. 50. 2; 7. 54. 8; 7. 62. 2; 7. 70. 34; 7. 74. 31, 33; 7. 77. 23; 7. 80. 7, 25; 7. 81. 41; 7. 84. 26; 7. 90. 1, 43; 7. 93. 21; 7. 96. 28; 7. 101. 48; 7. 102. 99; 7. 104. 23; 7. 107. 39; 7. 109. 12; 7. 111. 23; 7. 112. 5; 7. 117. 51; 7. 119. 22; 7. 125. 8; 7. 129. 12, 24; 7. 131. 110; 7. 133. 44; 7. 134. 19, 52; 7. 135. 24, 48; 7. 137. 7; 7. 139. 29; 7. 141. 54; 7. 142. 13, 31, 38, 41; 7. 144. 10; 7. 145. 8; 7. 146. 17, 35, 41; 7. 150. 66; 7. 159. 30; 7. 162. 7; 7. 164. 30; 7. 165. 85; 7. 170. 20; 7. 173. 3; 8. 6. 3; 8. 7. 3, 38; 8. 8. 45; 8. 18. 5; 8. 22. 28; 8. 27. 16; 8. 31. 3; 8. 32. 19; 8. 33. 64; 8. 34. 5; 8. 35. 32; 8. 40. 37; 8. 44. 31, 45; 8. 46. 2; 8. 50. 11, 18; 8. 55. 30, 73; 8. 59. 20; 8. 63. 23, 30; 9. 1. 25, 36; 9. 6. 20; 9. 7. 29, 37-38, 40; 9. 8. 42, 46; 9. 9. 49; 9. 11. 30; 9. 13. 3, 22; 9. 14. 5; 9. 16. 67; 9. 20. 7; 9. 21. 9, 31; 9. 22. 29, 43; 9. 23. 3; 9. 26. 41, 50; 9. 29. 38-39, 47; 9. 57. 40, 49, 57; 9. 61. 8, 33; 9. 62. 50; 10. 8. 107; 11. 5. 16; 11. 7. 6; 11. 10. 4; 11. 11. 24; 12. 92. 53; 15. 16. 23; 15. 18. 8; 15. 35. 23;

(5) Nakula 2. 29. 19; 12. 160. 86;

(6) Pāṇḍavas (pl.) 1. 119. 3; 1. 124. 21; 1. 133. 9; 1. 138. 6; 1. 144. 7; 1. 145. 8; 1. 174. 9; 2. 67. 6; 3. 6. 1; 3. 12. 71; 3. 25, 6; 3. 37. 39; 3. 155. 19, 23; 3. 156. 20; 3. 157. 8; 3. 159. 27; 3. 174. 1-2; 3. 222. 52; 5. 129. 32; 14. 52. 1;

(7) Unspecified (pl.) 11. 16. 19;

(8) Pāṇḍu 1. 110. 26; 1. 111. 10; 1. 112. 34; 1. 119. 4;

(9) Bhīmasena 1. 138. 10; 2. 26. 11; 2. 27. 23; 3. 146. 52; 3. 149. 24, 43; 3. 157. 35, 38; 4. 19. 13; 9. 54. 28; 15. 17. 14;

(10) Bhīṣma 1. 94. 80; 2. 21. 21; 2. 45. 55; 3. 80. 52; 5. 179. 6; 5. 184. 10; 5. 186. 6; 6. 15. 47, 54; 6. 22. 16; 6. 103. 62; 6. 115. 12, 29; 7. 2. 35; 12. 54. 39; 12. 59. 11; 12. 60. 3; 12. 68. 1; 12. 78. 1; 12. 79. 3; 12. 88. 1; 12. 98. 1; 12. 101. {??}; 12. 110. 1; 12. 116. 13; 12. 120. 2; 12. 121. 5; 12. 136. 1, 7; 12. 152. 1; 12. 157. 1; 12. 201. 1; 12. 202. 2; 12. 219. 2; 12. 272. 4-5, 17; 12. 307. 1; 13. 3. 17, 19; 13. 7. 1; 13. 11. 1; 13. 19. 1; 13. 26. 1-2; 13. 32. 1; 13. 58. 4; 13. 62. 42; 13. 83. 22, 25; 13. 97. 1; 13. 99. 1; 13. 100. 1; 13. 101. 1; 13. 104. 1; 13. 108. 1; 13. 109. 33; 13. 126. 3;

(11) Māndhātṛ 12. 92. 6, 53;

(12) Yudhiṣṭhira 1. 214. 3; 2. 5. 13, 34, 44, 47, 109-110; 2. 6. 12; 2. 9. 25; 2. 11. 3, 60, 63; 2. 13. 3, 5, 43; 2. 14. 12, 17; 2. 16. 16, 31; 2. 33. 12; 2. 34. 6; 2. 50. 15; 2. 58. 18; 2. 67. 8, 20; 2. 69. 7; 3. 14. 17; 3. 15. 2; 3. 16. 9; 3. 18. 1; 3. 20. 11; 3. 21. 10; 3. 23. 50; 3. 25. 6; 3. 33. 5, 56; 3. 34. 9, 18; 3. 74. 6; 3. 78. 6; 3. 80. 65, 79, 84, 86, 88, 94, 110, 112, 122; 3. 81. 20, 132, 153; 3. 82. 22, 67, 81, 83, 104, 117, 124; 3. 83. 60; 3. 85. 2, 9; 3. 86. 4; 3. 89. 19; 3. 93. 23; 3. 104. 8; 3. 105. 1, 9; 3. 106. 40; 3. 110. 1; 3. 114. 8; 3. 115. 30; 3. 155. 9; 3. 158. 44; 3. 163. 29; 3. 164. 20, 38; 3. 166. 16; 3. 168. 15 (? Arjuna); 3. 170. 26, 40; 3. 171. 13; 3. 178. 19; 3. 185. 42, 4647, 52; 3. 186. 24, 59; 3. 188. 9; 3. 189. 27; 3. 194. 8; 3. 195. 7, 20; 3. 197. 7; 3. 258. 1; 3. 275. 62; 3. 276. 7, 12; 3. 277. 22; 3. 280. 9; 3. 297. 21, 74; 3. 298. 6; 4. 1. 7; 4. 64. 37; 5. 9. 9, 38, 49; 5. 10. 31; 5. 16. 11; 5. 154. 8; 6. 103. 79; 7. 158. 55; 8. 45. 62; 8. 49. 1; 9. 30. 43; 9. 31. 58; 9. 32. 5; 10. 12. 3, 16; 10. 17. 8; 12. 4. 1; 12. 10. 2; 12. 11. 1; 12. 12. 13; 12. 16. 23; 12. 22. 8, 15; 12. 32. 4; 12. 37. 43; 12. 39. 47; 12. 49. 40, 61; 12. 59. 33, 46, 60; 12. 69. 11; 12. 92. 6, 53; 12. 97. 2; 12. 98. 1; 12. 113. 12; 12. 114. 1; 12. 116. 13; 12. 128. 5-6; 12. 136. 117; 12. 139. 57; 12. 140. 33; 12. 150. 6; 12. 200. 32, 35, 41, 45; 12. 223. 2; 12. 263. 17; 12. 265. 3; 12. 273. 8, 12, 19, 45; 12. 274. 41; 12. 289. 26, 30, 50; 12. 290. 35, 80, 101; 12. 320. 39; 13. 2. 26; 13. 4. 60; 13. 8. 12; 13. 10. 5, 9, 12, 23-26, 32, 36, 40; 13. 24. 12, 23-24, 28, 30, 34, 59, 7576, 81, 95; 13. 26. 35; 13. 33. 12; 13. 34. 16, 19; 13. 40. 3; 13. 43. 23; 13. 44. 14, 16; 13. 47. 26, 52-53; 13. 49. 17; 13. 50. 3, 9; 13. 51. 41; 13. 53. 12; 13. 57. 9, 43; 13. 58. 37; 13. 65. 47, 61; 13. 66. 3; 13. 73. 11; 13. 74. 32; 13. 80. 11, 26; 13. 83. 16, 20, 22; 13. 98. 19; 13. 103. 23; 13. 104. 29; 13. 107. 122; 13. 108. 19; 13. 109. 8, 10, 54; 13. 114. 2; 13. 116. 51; 13. 125. 3; 13. 144. 2, 49, 51; 13. 146. 5; 14. 11. 19; 14. 12. 11; 15. 5. 21; 15. 7. 11; 15. 10. 8; 15. 11. 11; 15. 16. 17; 15. 29. 13; 15. 33. 5; 15. 44. 22; 15. 45. 35; 15. 47. 5; 17. 3. 5-6;

(13) Vikarṇa 2. 61. 32;

(14) Vidura 3. 7. 19; 9. 1. 43;

(15) Śaṁtanu 1. 93. 11, 32; 5. 170. 4;

(16) Unspecified (all Bharata heroes in the Sabhā) (pl.) 2. 67. 14; (iv) bharataśārdūla (lit. tiger of the Bharatas):

(1) Janamejaya (Pārikṣita) 1. 47. 1; 17. 1. 42;

(2) Duryodhana 5. 185. 6; 9. 54. 29;

(3) Dhṛtarāṣṭra 9. 62. 51;

(4) Bhīmasena 2. 26. 2; 7. 107. 17; 9. 54. 29;

(5) Bhīṣma 6. 91. 6;

(6) Yudhiṣṭhira 3. 106. 6; 3. 259. 4; 12. 59. 68; 13. 61. 93; (v) bharataśreṣṭha:

(1) Arjuna 1. 169. 2; 1. 173. 4, 24; 3. 170. 9; 6. 39. 12; 8. 12. 35; 8. 43. 55; 8. 50. 21; 8. 51. 91; 8. 59. 6; 14. 50. 49; 14. 77. 25; 14. 84. 16;

(2) Janamejaya 1. 89. 19; 2. 66. 3; 3. 284. 4; 3. 294. 7; 9. 1. 9, 22; 9. 35. 29; 9. 47. 53; 9. 48. 21; 9. 51. 23; 14. 74. 2; 14. 76. 20; 15. 40. 21; 17. 1. 41;

(3) Duryodhana 3. 228. 23; 3. 243. 9; 5. 94. 44; 5. 123. 7; 5. 136. 9; 5. 147. 6; 5. 162. 23; 5. 171. 1; 5. 172. 17; 5. 175. 8; 5. 176. 15; 5. 181. 15; 5. 183. 19; 5. 193. 21; 6. 93. 7; 7. 11. 11; 8. 40. 27; 9. 56. 57; 9. 64. 11;

(4) Dhṛtarāṣṭra 5. 93. 52; 5. 94. 44; 5. 162. 23; 6. 5. 19; 6. 10. 72; 6. 12. 9; 6. 13. 33, 48; 6. 53. 20; 6. 61. 23; 6. 74. 34; 6. 77. 1; 6. 78. 17; 6. 83. 33; 6. 87. 19, 21; 6. 89. 1; 6. 91. 71; 6. 114. 22; 7. 1. 27; 7. 18. 37; 7. 19. 3; 7. 40. 20; 7. 62. 3; 7. 78. 44; 7. 81. 18-19; 7. 84. 17; 7. 86. 2; 7. 107. 29; 7. 108. 18; 7. 112. 43; 7. 114. 94; 7. 117. 22; 7. 120. 38; 7. 131. 101; 7. 139. 28; 7. 141. 43; 7. 144. 20, 37; 7. 146. 39; 8. 39. 5, 28; 8. 40. 7; 8. 55. 33; 9. 7. 12; 9. 13. 17; 9. 18. 10; 9. 24. 3; 9. 28. 11, 23, 72; 9. 56. 55;

(5) Nakula 8. 40 10; 9. 9. 42;

(6) Pāṇḍavas (pl.) 3. 49. 3; 3. 179. 17; 3. 244. 16; 3. 248. 1; Pāṇḍavas and Kauravas (?) 7. 1. 21;

(7) Bhīmasena 4. 18. 26; 8. 35. 24; 9. 32. 34;

(8) Bhīṣma 5. 48. 43; 5. 86. 23; 5. 170. 1; 5. 186. 6; 6. 95. 14; 6. 105. 28; 6. 115. 43; 6. 116. 21; 7. 1. 24; 7. 3. 13; 9. 32. 40; 12. 56. 8; 12. 200. 2, 5; 13. 23. 1; 13. 27. 3; 13. 102. 1; 13. 109. 33; 13. 125. 1;

(9) Yudhiṣṭhira 2. 16. 49; 3. 14. 12; 3. 15. 4; 3. 16 2, 7; 3. 17. 12; 3. 21. 7; 3. 23. 1; 3. 66. 21; 3. 79. 8; 3. 86. 7; 3. 104. 8; 3. 187. 49; 3. 188. 53; 3. 196. 1, 14; 3. 213. 41; 3. 256. 22; 3. 261. 26; 6. 46. 27; 7. 158. 23, 59; 8. 50. 10; 9. 30. 7; 9. 31. 20; 9. 55. 23; 12. 22. 5; 12. 25. 3; 12. 59. 141; 12. 88. 7; 12. 142. 36; 12. 149. 115; 12. 150. 1; 12. 158. 13; 12. 200. 19; 12. 201. 2; 12. 278. 38; 12. 353. 4; 13. 4. 2; 13. 9. 5, 24; 13. 10. 8, 17; 13. 23. 7; 13. 26. 36; 13. 34. 12; 13. 90. 18; 13. 98. 18. 22; 13. 147. 21; 14. 91. 8, 41; 17. 3. 21; 18. 3. 37;

(10) Sahadeva 8. 40. 10; (vi) bharatasattama:

(1) Arjuna 1. 209. 1; 6. 40. 4; 7. 50. 68; 9. 61. 9; 14. 82. 32;

(2) Janamejaya 1. 45. 27; 1. 54. 10; 1. 57. 49; 1. 59. 6; 1. 62. 3; 1. 92. 36; 1. 114. 14; 1. 119. 12; 1. 121. 7; 1. 213. 80; 1. 214. 12; 2. 3. 10; 2. 19. 33; 2. 46. 5; 5. 48. 12; 8. 3. 2; 9. 44. 40; 9. 50. 16; 11. 11. 5; 14. 51. 5; 14. 63. 7; 14. 73. 23; 14. 92. 3; 14. 95. 11; 15. 16. 12; 17. 1. 30;

(3) Duryodhana 5. 57. 2; 5. 122. 57; 5. 123. 17; 5. 137. 9; 5. 145. 35; 5. 179. 13; 5. 182. 1; 5. 185. 17 (bhāratasattama); 6. 61. 31; 7. 166. 33;

(4) Dhṛtarāṣṭra 5. 181. 36; 6. 9. 14; 6. 10. 63; 6. 12. 30; 6. 91. 9, 47; 7. 137. 41; 7. 144. 40; 8. 18. 9; 8. 23. 54; 9. 6. 5; 9. 21. 42; 9 22. 45, 88; 9. 24. 11; 10. 8. 87; 10. 9. 18; 15. 16. 12;

(5) Parikṣit 1. 38. 18;

(6) Pāṇḍavas (pl.) 1. 204 26; 3 156. 21; 3. 157. 13; 5. 56. 47; 14. 70. 6; 17. 1. 44;

(7) Pāṇḍu 1. 112. 33; 1. 116. 26;

(8) Bhīṣma 12. 136. 2; 12. 146. 1; 13. 38. 1; 13. 62. 1; 13. 83. 28; 13. 149. 3;

(9) Māndhātṛ 12. 91. 18;

(10) Yudhiṣṭhira 1. 214. 12; 2. 13. 60; 2. 16. 15; 3. 28. 33; 3. 37. 26; 3. 80. 38, 81, 100; 3. 81. 35, 46, 51, 63, 74, 91, 93, 120, 130, 172; 3. 82. 56, 67; 3. 85. 14; 3. 88. 11; 3. 129. 11; 3. 156. 27; 3. 192. 23; 3. 195. 26; 3. 197. 9, 17; 3. 209. 8; 3. 280. 15; 4. 66. 29 (bhāratasattama); 7. 137. 45; 7. 158. 57; 8. 43. 17; 9. 55. 22; 12. 13. 13; 12. 14. 35; 12. 59. 17 (bhāratasattama); 12. 62. 2; 12. 64. 2; 12. 91. 18; 12. 108. 22; 12. 141. 2; 12. 145. 12; 12. 159. 3; 12. 165. 12; 12. 168. 3; 12. 202. 20; 12. 273. 13, 20; 12. 322. 14; 12. 340. 3; 13. 9. 21; 13. 40. 40; 13. 50. 13; 13. 51. 43; 13. 53. 52; 13. 56. 15; 13. 58. 40; 13. 65. 29; 13. 67. 27; 13. 69. 30; 13. 80. 3; 13. 81. 2; 13. 83. 28; 13. 96. 2; 13. 98. 22; 13. 109. 5; 13. 110. 135; 14. 51. 5; 15. 30. 1; 15. 47. 3; 17. 1. 13;

(11) Vikarṇa 11. 19. 6;

(12) Śaṁtanu 1. 93. 5, 7;

(13) Sahadeva 2. 28. 34; (vii) bharatasiṁha (lit. lion of the Bharatas):

(1) Pāṇḍu 1. 110. 39;

(2) Bhīṣma 6. 82. 20;

(3) Yudhiṣṭhira 3. 19. 24;

(4) Unspecified (pl.) 14. 69. 5 (striyo bharatasiṁhānām);


C. Protector of the Bhāratas, of the dynasty of Bharata: bhāratagoptṛ: Śaṁtanu 1. 94. 3; (āsīd bharatavaṁśasya goptā sādhujanasya ca) 1. 94. 7;


D. Foremost of the Bhāratas: (i) bhāratamukhya (i) Janamejaya 1. 183 5;

(2) Duryodhana 5. 30. 47; (ii) bhāratāgrya:

(1) Arjuna 15. 21. 7;

(2) Janamejaya 1. 50. 1-7;

(3) Duryodhana 5. 26. 28;

(4) Dhṛtarāṣṭra 5. 32. 16;

(5) Pāṇḍavas (pl.) 5. 1. 11;


E. Foremost chariot-fighter of Bhā¤ratas: bhāratarathaśreṣṭha:

(1) Arjuna 7. 31. 51;

(2) Citrasena (son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra) bharatānāṁ mahārathaḥ 7. 143. 8;


F. The delighter of all Bhāratas: sarvabhārataharṣaṇa: Arjuna 7. 31. 51;


G. Teacher of Bhāratas: (i) bhāratācārya:

(1) Droṇa 4. 46. 9; 10. 12. 13; (ii) Son of the teacher of Bhāratas: bhāratācāryaputra: Aśvatthāman 10. 12. 34;


H. An outcaste of Bhāratas: Duḥśāsana bhāratāpasada: 2. 61. 46;


I. The elevator of Bharatas:

(1) Duryodhana: bharatāṇāṁ kulodvaha 3. 240. 1;

(2) Bhīṣma 13. 154. 7 (kulodvahaḥ);


J. The Chief of Bhāratas: patiṁ…bhāratānāṁ: Duryodhana 8. 68. 59;


K. The grand-father of Bhā¤ratas: bharatānāṁ pitāmahaḥ:

(1) Bhīṣma 4. 27. 1; 6. 14. 3; 6. 65. 28; 10. 14. 12; 12. 47. 1; pitāmahaṁ 6. 82. 25; 6. 99. 7; 6. 112. 63; pitāmahe 6. 115. 15; 12. 54. 6; (bhāratānām) 5. 31. 8; 5. 154. 1; 6. 110. 39;

(2) Vyāsa 6. 2. 2;


L. The foremost of the Bharatas: bharatānām amadhyame (lit. who is not the middle one of Bharatas). 6. 114. 102; 6. 115. 14, 42 (amadhyamam); 7. 3. 7;


M. The destroyer of the line of Bhāratas: bhāratānāṁ kulaghnaḥ; Duryodhana 2. 55. 2.


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Mahabharata Cultural Index

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

Bharata, Bhārata  : m. (pl.): General characterization of the descendants of Bharata, the son of Duḥṣanta, very often used to refer to Kauravas, or to Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas, or to Pāṇḍavas; also used as an adj. (fem. -ī) mostly to refer to the lineage or the army of the Kauravas, occasionally used also to refer to their narrative and town.


A. Origin: The family was named Bhārata after Bharata; his descendants as well as those who preceded him (?) were known as Bhāratas; the fame of Bhāratas was due to Bharata (bharatād bhārātī kīrtir yenedaṁ bhārataṁ kulam/apare ye ca pūrve ca bhāratā iti viśrutāḥ) 1. 69. 49; 1. 89. 16; 13. 75. 26; (1. 1. 44).


B. Lineage (vaṁśa or kula), its importance: Since the lineage was established by Bharatas it was known as Bhārata (yenedaṁ (i. e. bharatena) bhārataṁ kulam) 1. 69. 49; bhārataṁ vaṁśam 1, 99. 47; Arjuna born in the lineage of Bharata (jātasya bhārate vaṁśe) 2. 16. 1; Duryodhana born in the lineage of Bharata (jāto 'si bhārate vaṁśe) 5. 7. 27; (bhārataṁ kulaṁ) 1. 69. 49; 1. 92. 12; it was respected by all kings (bhārate vaṁśe sarvapārthivapūjite) 5. 7. 27.


C. The narrative of Bhāratas, its importance: Vaiśaṁpāyana having received it from his teacher Vyāsa was eager to narrate the narrative of Bhāratas to Janamejaya, who was a worthy person to listen to it (śrotuṁ pātraṁ ca rājaṁs tvaṁ prāpyemāṁ bhāratīṁ kathām/guror vaktuṁ parispando mudā protsāhatīva mām//) 1. 55. 3; it was told in the sarpasatra of king Janamejaya (katheyam…bhāratānām) 1. 2. 74; one who listened to the narration of the birth of Bhāratas has no fear from diseases, least of all of the next world; it was holy, brought wealth, fame, long life and heaven; it is also large and leads to bliss (bhāratānāṁ mahaj janma śṛṇvatām …/nāsti vyādhibhayaṁ teṣāṁ paralokabhayaṁ kutaḥ//dhanyaṁ yaśasyam āyuṣyaṁ svargyaṁ puṇyaṁ tathaivaca) 1. 56. 24-25; (vaṁśaṁ…/tathaiva bhāratānāṁ ca puṇyaṁ svastyayanaṁ mahat/dhanyaṁ yaśasyam āyuṣyaṁ kīrtayiṣyāmi te 'nagha//) 1. 70. 2; Mahābhārata so called because it describes the life of the Bhāratas; that is the etymology of the word (bhāratānāṁ mahaj janma mahābhāratam ucyate/ niruktam asya yo veda) 1. 56. 31.


D. Description of Bhāratas: Magnanimous (mahātman) 1. 2. 74; 7. 61. 34; famous (bhāratā iti viśrutāḥ) 1. 69. 49; (prakhyāta) 1. 92. 12; (bharatavaṁśasya vipratasthe mahad yaśaḥ) 1. 89. 16; best men (uttamapuruṣa) 2. 64. 8.


E. Epic events:

(1) Bhīṣma after defeating the kings who came for the svayaṁvara of the Kāśi princesses left for Bhāratas (i. e. to the place where Bhāratas lived) (prāyād bhārato bhāratān prati) 1. 96. 24;

(2) Satyavatī asked Ambikā to bear a son (from Vyāsa) and rescue the Bhārata dynasty 1. 99. 47-48;

(3) Satyavatī asked Bhīṣma to get consecrated as a king and rule the Bhāratas 1. 97. 11;

(4) Satyavatī told Ambikā that due to the wrong policy of her son, Bhāratas and their relatives would perish 1. 119. 9 (that is what she had heard from Vyāsa 1. 119. 5);

(5) Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas born in the lineage of Bharata (bharatasyānvaye jātā..) 1. 122. 15;

(6) Bhīṣma told Duryodhana that if Pāṇḍavas did not get a share in the kingdom, neither could he nor any other Bhārata have one (kuta eva tavāpīdaṁ bhāratasya ca kasyacit) 1. 195. 6;

(7) When Kṛṣṇa arrived, the town of Bharatas (i. e. Indraprastha bhārataṁ puram) was delighted 2. 30. 15;

(8) When Draupadī was dragged to the Sabhā, she felt that the law of Bhāratas had perished (naṣṭaḥ khalu bhāratānām dharmas…) 2. 60. 33;

(9) Vidura felt that the end of Bharatas had arrived when Draupadī was brought to their Sabhā (etadantāḥ stha bharatā…) 2. 72. 27;

(10) When Bhīma vowed to break the thigh of Duryodhana Vidura felt that the unlawful course, ordained before by the fate, was proving true for the Bharatas (Kauravas) (daiverito nūnam ayaṁ purastāt paro 'nayo bharateṣūdapādi) 2. 63. 16;

(11) Arjuna reminded Bhīma, that the Bhāratas, since they were best men, did not answer back the harsh words, spoken or unspoken, by low men (na caivoktā na cānuktā hīnataḥ paruṣā giraḥ/bhāratāḥ pratijalpanti sadā tūttamapūruṣāḥ) 2. 64. 8 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 2. 72. 8: pratijalpanti pratyuttarayanti);

(12) The bad omens which occurred when Pāṇḍavas started for vanavāsa predicted extinction of Bhāratas (bhāratānām abhāvāya) 2. 71. 28;

(13) When Duryodhana and others sought refuge with Droṇa, he addressed them as well as the rest of the Bhāratas present in the Sabhā 2. 71. 33;

(14) Yudhiṣṭhira took leave of Bharatas like Bhīṣma, Bāhlīka Somadatta, and others (which included all those who sided with Kauravas) to go to vanavāsa (āmantrayāmi bharatāṁs tathā vṛddhaṁ pitāmaham) 2. 69. 1;

(15) Dhṛtarāṣṭra remembered that all Bhārata women, together with Gāndhārī, had cried fiercely when Draupadī was taken to Sabhā (prākrośan bhairavaṁ tatra) 2. 72. 19;

(16) If Duryodhana did not give Pāṇḍavas their share, that would bring calamity to Bharatas (bharatānām abhūtaye) 3. 30. 48;

(17) Yudhiṣṭhira reminded Bhīma what Duryodhana had stipulated for his single bait in the presence of all Bharatas (ekaglahārthaṁ bharatānāṁ samakṣam); he had said that if the Pāṇḍavas were found out by the spies of Bhāratas (Kauravas), they would have to spend another twelve years in the forest (avabhotsyante bhāratānāṁ carāḥ sma) 3. 35. 7, 9;

(18) Dhṛtarāṣṭra imagined that the army of Bhāratas (Kauravas) (bhāratī camūḥ) was torn on all sides (vidīrṇeva) hearing the sound of Arjuna's chariot 3. 46. 17; it would be distressed (vitrastā) for the same reason 5. 51. 16;

(19) Bhāratas (Pāṇḍavas) spent a month on the mountain Himavant (māso 'tha… vyatītas…bhāratānām) 3. 161. 16;

(20) Brāhmaṇas blessed Bharatas (Pāṇḍavas) (bharatān) at the end of their vanavāsa before taking their leave 3. 299. 25;

(21) Bhīṣma addressed the Bhāratas (Kauravas) before they sent spies to search Pāṇḍavas 4. 27. 2;

(22) Uttara did not dare enter the army of the Bhāratas (Kauravas) (bhāratīṁ senāṁ) 4. 36. 10;

(23) When Droṇa and Arjuna clashed with each other the large army of Bharatas trembled excessively (prākampata) 4. 53. 13;

(24) Dhṛtarāṣṭra wanted Saṁjaya to speak whatever was in the interest of the Bhāratas (bhāratānāṁ hitaṁ ca) when he would address the assembly of Virāṭa 5. 22. 39;

(25) Yudhiṣṭhira enquired with Saṁjaya whether the mothers of Bhāratas were free from grief (bhāratānāṁ jananyo…avyalīkāḥ) 5. 23. 14 (Nī., however, on Bom. Ed. 5. 23. 14; avyalīkāḥ niṣkapaṭāḥ);

(26) The king of Bāhlīkas always wished nothing but peace among the Bhāratas (yasya kāmo vartate nityam eva nānyaḥ śamād bhāratānām iti sma) 5. 30. 19;

(27) Saṁjaya predicted that the subjects would perish due to the conflict among Bhāratas 5. 32. 27;

(28) Dhṛtarāṣṭra feared that in the battle, destruction would overcome Bharatas (kṣayaḥ kilāyaṁ bharatān upaiti) 5. 51. 19;

(29) According to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the fighting of the Bhārata army (i. e. the Kaurava army) with Sātyaki was going to be an upstream task (pratīpam iva me bhāti yuyudhānena bhāratī) 5. 57. 21;

(30) Dhṛtarāṣṭra expected that Kṛṣṇa would address words to be honoured by Bhāratas (Kauravas and others on their side) (īrayantaṁ bhāratīṁ bhāratānāṁ abhyarcanīyāṁ…) 5. 69. 2 (Nī., however, on Bom. Ed. 5. 71. 2; bhāratānāṁ pāṇḍavānāṁ bhāratīṁ vācaṁ īrayantaṁ asmatsabhāyāṁ kathayantam);

(31) Kṛṣṇa was expected to pacify the Bhāratas (on the side of Kauravas) (bhāratāñ śamayeḥ prabho) 5. 70. 90;

(32) Due to Duryodhana's wrath, the Bhāratas (on both sides) would be burnt (bhāratā…dhakṣyante) 5. 72. 10;

(33) Kṛṣṇa assured Draupadī that before long she would see the women of Bharatas (Kauravas) weeping when they heard their kinsmen and relatives killed (rudatīr bharatastriyaḥ) 5. 80. 44-45;

(34) Kṛṣṇa was to embrace individually all Bharatas (senior ones on the side of Kauravas) in the assembly of Kauravas (sarvāṁś ca bharatān pṛthak…svajethā madhusūdana) 5. 81. 4748;

(35) On way to Hāstinapura, Kṛṣṇa saw many towns and countries happy and protected by Bhāratas (Kauravas) (bhāratair abhirakṣitāḥ) 5. 82. 17;

(36) Kṛṣṇa told Dhṛtarāṣṭra that if the Bharatas (Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas) remained united, they togethr would work for him (i. e. for Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (sahabhūtās tu bharatās tavaiva syur janeśvara) 5. 93. 16; he also advised Duryodhana to come to terms with Yudhiṣṭhira and be instrumental in achieving complete well-being and health for Bhāratas (Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas) (cara svastyayanaṁ kṛtsnaṁ bhāratānām anāmayam) 5. 123. 25; Kṛṣṇa requested Bhāratas in the Sabhā of Kauravas to listen to his words, if that pleased them, which were in their interest (bhavatām ānukūlyena yadi roceta bhāratāḥ) 5. 126. 35;

(37) To Kuntī, there could be nothing more grievous than Pāṇḍavas and their allies fighting with Bhāratas (Kauravas and the Bhāratas on their side) 5. 142. 12;

(38) Saṁjaya was going to describe to Dhṛtarāṣṭra the great war of the Bhāratas (Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas) 6. 16. 10;

(39) On the fourth day, Bhīṣma led the army of the Bhāratas (bhāratānām anīkinīnāṁ pramukhe) 6. 56. 1;

(40) Abhimanyu tormented the large army of Bhāratas (bhāratī sā mahācamūḥ) 6. 96. 18;

(41) On the tenth day, bad omens occurred for the army of Bhāratas (Kauravas) 6. 108. 6; according to Droṇa, the wrath of Yudhiṣṭhira was burning Bhāratas (Kauravas) 6. 108. 32; after Bhīṣma's fall, he was praised by the ancient forefathers of Bharatas (pitaraś caiva praśaśaṁsur…/bharatānāṁ ca ye pūrve) 6. 114. 111; with the fall of Bhīṣma, the army of the Bhāratas (Kauravas) (bhāratī…senā) was like a boat in a big ocean, shaken by wind in all directions and shattered 7. 1. 27-28; hearing Bhīṣma's fall Dhṛtarāṣṭra swooned, surrounded and touched by Bharata women (bharatastriyaḥ parivavrur mahārājam aspṛśaṁś caiva pāṇibhiḥ) 7. 9. 3;

(42) On the eleventh day, the eminent Bharatas (on both sides) took their arms and started for the war (niryayur bharataśreṣṭhāḥ śaśtrāṇy ādāya sarvaśaḥ) 7. 1. 21;

(43) Arjuna wielded in war the same bow against Kṣatriyas (Kauravas) which once before proved beneficial for Bharatas (Kauravas) fleeing in their fight (with Gandharvas cf. 3. 230 ff.) (yat tad anāmayaj jiṣṇur bharatānām apāyinām/dhanuḥ kṣemakaraṁ saṁkhye…/tad eva…kṣatravināśāya dhanur āyacchad arjunaḥ//) 7. 27. 15-16;

(44) On the thirteenth day, Abhimanyu attacked the army of Bhāratas (Kauravas) (abhyapatat senāṁ bhāratīm) 7. 40. 11; Abhimanyu, lying on the ground, was like the sun that had set after tormenting the army of Bhāratas (taptvā bhāratavāhinīm) 7. 48. 16;

(45) On the fourteenth day, Dhṛtarāṣṭra remembered that he had told Duryodhana that Pāṇḍavas would do what was in his interest if Bhīṣma and other elderly magnanimous Bharatas spoke to them on his behalf (bhīṣmasya ca mahātmanaḥ/ …anyeṣāṁ caiva vṛddhānāṁ bharatānāṁ mahātmanām) 7. 61. 33-34; Arjuna saw many omens when the Bharatas (Kauravas), desirous of fighting, were slowly getting ready for the battle (abhihārayatsu śanakair bharateṣu yuyutsuṣu) 7. 64. 3 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 7. 88. 3: abhihārayatsu sannahyamāneṣu abhiyujyamāneṣu vā praharatsv iti kecit); Arjuna attacked the army of Bhāratas (Kauravas) killing their eminent warriors (abhyagād bhāratīṁ senām) 7. 68. 26, (prāviśad) 56; the army of the Bhāratas was getting torn to pieces (dīryamāṇāṁ ca bhāratīm) 7. 85. 70; Arjuna had entered the army of Bhāratas (praviṣṭas tāta bhāratīm) 7. 85. 80, 82; the army of Bhāratas was reduced to a miserable condition (śocyeyaṁ bhāratī senā) 7. 98. 8; Sātyaki had entered the army of Bhāratas (bhāratīṁ senām) 7. 102. 16; (bhāratīm camūm) 7. 102. 34; the army of Bhāratas was besieged from behind and in front (sā purastāc ca paścāc ca gṛhītā bhāratī camūḥ) 7. 105. 12; Bhīma discharged arrows towards Bhārata warriors (sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra 7. 112. 28) who cut them asunder 7. 112. 26; Sātyaki was in the midst of the army of Bhāratas (here, the army of the Trigartas cf. 7. 116. 2) (bhāratīmadhyam); this army is described as full of the sound made by palms of hands and equipped with swords, śaktis and maces (talaghoṣasamākula, asiśaktigadāpūrṇa) 7. 116. 5; Sātyaki had entered the army of Bhāratas (bhāratīṁ senām) after Arjuna had fought with Bhārata heroes of great prowess (yodhitaś ca mahāvīryaiḥ sarvair bhārata bhāratatḥ) 7. 117. 43; Droṇa took it for granted that with the fall of Bhīṣma the army of the Bhāratas was as good as perished (tadaivājñāsiṣam ahaṁ neyam astīti bhāratī) 7. 126. 8 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 7. 126. 8: iyaṁ senā nāstity asya naṣṭety arthaḥ);

(46) Night war: During the night, the army of Bhāratas (bhāratī senā) adorned with jewels and gold and with ornaments like aṅgadas, ear-ornaments, niṣkas and weapons shone like the sky full of nakṣatras (dyaur tvāsīt sanakṣatrā) 7. 129. 24, 27; the army of Bhāratas (bhāratī senā) was getting killed by Arjuna 7. 132. 42; 7. 136. 16; when the Bhārata warriors (on the side of Kauravas) were in a difficult situation no one could offer them protection (majjatāṁ bhāratās nāṁ na sma dvīpas tatra kaścid babhūva) 7. 154. 41; Duryodhana proposed to divide the army of Bhāratas (on his side) and kill Arjuna (dvaidhīkṛtyādya bhāratīm) 7. 160. 22;

(47) On the sixteenth day, Kṛṣṇa pointed out to Arjuna the terrible destruction of the Bharatas (on both sides) that had taken place (mahāraudro vartate bharatakṣayaḥ) 8. 14. 27; Dhṛtarāṣṭra remembered that Arjuna had once protected Bharatas (Kauravas) (reference to the fight with Gandharvas 3. 230. ff.) (eko 'bhyarakṣad bharatān) 8. 22. 4;

(48) On the seventeenth day, the army of Bhāratas (Kauravas 8. 43. 54) running away when attacked by Bhīma's arrows appeared pitiable (bhāratī senā…kṛpaṇadarśanā) 8. 43. 55; Arjuna boasted that he laid low the army of Bhāratas (on the side of Kauravas) which shone like the army of gods (bhāratīcamu…devacamūprakāśā) 8. 49. 97; when the important heroes and other warriors as well as horses and elephants in the army of the Bhāratas (army of Kauravas) were killed in battle it looked like the sky devoid of the sun, the moon and the nakṣatras (hīnā sūryendunakṣatrair dyaur ivābhāti bhāratī//…seneyam) 8. 51. 48-49; the army of Bhāratas (bhāratī), along with that of the Saṁśaptakas, led by Duḥśāsana attacked Bhīma 8. 53. 9; the army of Bhāratas, afraid, was scattered by Bhīma in all directions (balaṁ…bhāratānāṁ… bhītaṁ diśo 'kīryata bhīmanunnam) 8. 54. 9; Bhīma showed to his charioteer the army of Bhāratas running away because it was covered by the arrows of Arjuna (bhāratīṁ dīryamāṇāṁ…sainyaṁ hy etac chādayaty āśu bāṇaiḥ) 8. 54. 21;

(49) On the eighteenth day, Arjuna, after the death of Śalya, killed Śuśarman, his sons and followers, and then turned towards the remaining army of Bhāratas (abhyagād bhāratīṁ senāṁ hataśeṣām) 9. 26. 46;

(50) It was proper for Yuyutsu to return to Kauravas after the destruction of Bharatas (on Kaurava's side) (bharatakṣaye) 9. 28. 91;

(51) At the end of the war, Dhṛtarāṣṭra asked Saṁjaya to narrate to him how the Bharatas (on both sides 9. 3. 1) were completely destroyed (bharatānāṁ mahākṣayam) 9. 2. 62;

(52) Scenes on the battlefield: Some of the women of Bharatas (Kauravas) stumbled, and some fell on the ground after visiting the battlefield (bharatastriyaḥ (kurustriyaḥ 11. 16. 10) / śarīreṣv askhalann anyā nyapataṁś cāparā bhuvi) 11. 16. 14; some of them (bharatayoṣitaḥ) were not able to recognize their husbands whose bodies were mutilated 11. 16. 53; (pitiable condition of the widows described by Gāndhārī 11. 16. 42-58); according to Somadatta's wife her husband was fortunate in that he was not alive to witness the terrible destruction of Bharatas (dāruṇaṁ bharatakṣayam) 11. 24. 4; Gāndhārī cursed Kṛṣṇa saying that Yādava women, with their husbands and relatives killed, would fall on the ground like the Bharata women (yathaite bharatastriyaḥ) 11. 25. 42;

(53) Bhagavān had told his son Apāntaratamas (Vyāsa 12. 337. 38, 43) that when Tiṣya (i. e. Kaliyuga) would arrive Kurus, called Bhāratas, would become famous kings, but there would be family feud resulting in mutual destruction (punas tiṣye ca saṁprāpte kuravo nāma bhāratāḥ/…teṣāṁ tvattaḥ prasūtānāṁ kulabhedo bhaviṣyati/parasparavināśārtham) 12. 337. 42-43;

(54) Bhīṣma, before abandoning his body, saw all Bhāratas (Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas) standing around him 13. 153. 24; after Bhīṣma's cremation, eminent Kurus, followed by Bharata women (anugamyamānā…bharatastrībhir) went to Bhāgīrathī 13. 154. 16;

(55) Arjuna and Kṛṣṇa saw Subhadrā and all other Bharata women surrounding Gāndhārī (sarvā bharatānāṁ striyas tathā…sthitāḥ sarvā gāndhārīṁ parivārya vai) 14. 51. 27;

(56) Uttaṅka asked Kṛṣṇa whether he (Kṛṣṇa) did what Uttaṅka had expected him to do in respect of Bharatas (Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas) (yā me saṁbhāvanā tāta tvayi nityam avartata/api sā saphalā kṛṣṇa kṛtā te bharatān prati) 14. 52. 14;

(57) Kuntī and all Bharata women cried in grief when they saw Uttarā fallen on the ground (sarvāś ca bharatastriyaḥ) 14. 68. 2; when Parikṣit was brought back to life, Bharata women were delighted and asked Brāhmaṇas to recite svastimantras for the benefit of Parikṣit (bharatastriyaḥ/brāhmaṇān vācayām āsuḥ) 14. 69. 4 (Nī. on Bom. Ed. 14. 70. 5: vācayām āsuḥ svastīti śeṣaḥ); (striyo bharatasiṁhānām) 14. 69. 5;

(58) The best of the Bharatas (bharatasattamāḥ i. e. Pāṇḍavas) on their ‘great journey’ made a pradakṣiṇā of the earth 17. 1. 44.


F. Past events:

(1) When Saṁvaraṇa was the ruler of the Bhāratas, the land was oppressed by many calamities; a certain king of the Pāñcālas (not named) attacked the Bhāratas; Saṁvaraṇa fled with his wife and others from his country; the Bhāratas lived for a long time in an inaccessible place near a mountain in a country near the river Sindhu; Vasiṣṭha then visited the Bharatas; all Bhāratas welcomed him with a respectful guest offering and told him their condition; Saṁvaraṇa chose Vasiṣṭha, who had lived with them for eight years, to act as their purohita; he said ‘yes’ to Bhāratas; Saṁvaraṇa again occupied the town which was formerly held by Bharatas (abhyaghnan bhāratāṁś caiva sapatnānāṁ balāni ca/…abhyayāt taṁ ca pāñcālyo/… sindhor nadasya mahato nikuñje nyavasat tadā/nadīviṣayaparyante parvatasya samīpataḥ/tatrāvasan bahūn kālān bhāratā durgam āśritāḥ//…athābhyagacchad bharatān vasiṣṭho bhagavān ṛṣiḥ//…arghyam abhyāharaṁs tasmai te sarve bhāratās tadā/ taṁ samām aṣṭamīm uṣṭaṁ rājā vavre svayaṁ tadā/purohito bhavān no 'stu rājyāya prayatāmahe/om ity evaṁ vasiṣṭho 'pi bhāratān pratyapadyata//…bharatādhyuṣitaṁ pūrvaṁ so 'dhyatiṣṭhat purottamam/) 1. 89. 31-40.


G. bhārata as adj.: Besides its adjectival use in connection with vaṁśa (m.) or kula (nt.), and senā or camū (f.) (for which see above


B. and


E. ), bhārata is also occasionally used in connection with samiti, śrī or kīrti (all f.) and pura (nt.):

(1) Gathering (samiti): The brilliant gathering of Bhāratas (both Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas) around Bhīṣma lying on the bed of arrows shone like the sun in the sky (śuśubhe bhāratī dīptā divī vādityamaṇḍalam) 6. 116. 7;

(2) Glory (śrī) or fame (kīrti): (i) Bhīṣma appealed to Duryodhana not to destroy the glory of Bhāratas shining brightly among all kings (imāṁ śriyaṁ prajvalitāṁ bhāratīṁ sarvarājasu) 5. 123. 5; (ii) The fame of Bhāratas had its origin in Bharata (bharatād bhāratī kīrtir…) 1. 69. 49;

(3) Town (pura) i. e. Indraprastha: Described as the best town (purottamaṁ…bhārataṁ puram) 2. 30. 14-15.


H. Several persons referred to simply as belonging to the Bhāratas or as tiger or bull among the Bhā¤ratas, best or chief of them, rarely as an outcaste among the Bhāratas: A. Born in the line of Bharata (i) (1) bhārata:

(1) Akṛtavraṇa (?) 5. 175. 19 (was some one born in the Bharata lineage a follower of Paraśurāma ? (akṛtavraṇaḥ…rāmasyānucaraḥ priyaḥ (5. 175. 6).

(2) Arjuna 1. 126. 20; 1. 160. 10; 1. 165. 8; 1. 166. 14, 34; 1. 167. 17; 1. 168. 3; 1. 208. 19; 1. 209. 14; 2. 1. 4; 2. 3. 3; 2. 25. 13; 2. 64. 10-11; 3. 12. 41; 3. 13. 40; 3. 38. 4, 25; 3. 163. 4, 13; 3. 164. 29; 3. 169. 33; 3. 171. 2, 11, 15; 3. 172. 18; 3. 233. 16; 3. 296. 26; 4. 1. 14; 4. 5. 7; 4. 49. 7; 5. 77. 10; 5. 77. 12. 6. 24. 14, 18, 28, 30; 6. 25. 25; 6. 26. 7, 42; 6. 29. 27; 6. 33. 6; 6. 35. 2, 33; 6. 36. 3, 8-10; 6. 37. 19, 20; 6. 38. 3; 6. 39. 3; 6. 40. 62; 6. 78. 6; 6. 103. 88; 7. 117. 43; 7. 121. 26; 7. 123. 4; 7. 123, 36; 8. 14. 28, 31, 39, 55; 8. 40. 123; 8. 43. 21, 24, 39, 43, 52; 8. 49. 22, 34, 67; 8. 51. 2, 16, 17, 46, 65, 80, 104, 106; 10. 14. 3; 12. 328. 28, 34, 37-38, 44; 12. 330. 23, 42, 67; 14. 15. 19; 14. 72. 13; 14. 83. 6; 16. 9. 32.

(3) Janamejaya 1. 53. 10; 1. 58. 40, 42; 1. 59. 13-14, 19, 21, 29, 44; 1. 60. 44, 63; 1. 61. 63, 66; 1. 69. 37, 43, 51; 1. 70. 34; 1. 71. 21, 23, 27; 1. 78. 1; 1. 89. 18, 26-27; 1. 92. 44; 1. 94. 52, 68, 77; 1. 96. 19; 1. 97. 1; 1. 100. 15; 1. 103. 10, 12, 16; 1. 106. 3; 1. 107. 28; 1. 108. 18; 1. 111. 2; 1. 114. 10, 21; 1. 118. 5; 1. 119. 11, 29; 1. 123. 5, 62; 1. 124. 1, 26; 1. 125. 26; 1. 126. 13; 1. 127. 21; 1. 128. 14; 1. 135. 17; 1. 136. 6; 1. 138. 12; 1. 140. 12; 1. 145. 9; 1. 146. 36; 1. 150. 1; 1. 151. 7, 14; 1. 152. 4-5; 1. 155. 4; 1. 176. 9, 12; 1. 186. 4; 1. 187. 32; 1. 198. 7, 10; 1. 199. 13; 1. 204. 30; 1. 206. 5. 8; 1. 207. 1, 5, 7, 10; 1. 208. 19; 1. 209. 14; 1. 210. 12; 1. 211. 7, 16; 1. 212. 5; 1. 213. 57; 1. 214. 17, 20; 1. 216. 34; 1. 217. 9; 1. 218. 10, 38; 1. 219. 6, 8, 37-38; 1. 220. 4, 7, 18; 1. 224. 7, 20; 1. 225. 4; 2. 1. 15; 2. 3. 16; 2. 4. 3; 2. 5. 1; 2. 11. 73; 2. 12. 1, 17; 2. 17. 23; 2. 19. 21, 31; 2. 22. 20, 46, 52, 57; 2. 25. 1; 2. 27. 18; 2. 28. 8, 31; 2. 30. 43, 51; 2. 31. 4, 14; 2. 33. 27; 2. 32. 15; 2. 39. 14; 2. 53. 18; 2. 58. 38; 2. 61. 39; 3. 6. 4; 3. 7. 1; 3. 12. 25, 41; 3. 23. 48; 3. 40. 5, 50; 3. 42. 2; 3. 80. 11; 3. 93. 2, 7; 3. 114. 3; 3. 118. 1; 3. 143. 9, 21; 3. 146. 58; 3. 150. 2, 19; 3. 153. 30; 3. 154. 52; 3. 157. 43; 3. 158. 32; 3. 161. 16; 3. 162. 2; 3. 172. 3; 3. 176. 46; 3. 180. 39; 3. 192. 8; 3. 228. 1; 3. 229. 12; 3. 230. 2, 9, 23; 3. 233. 2, 9, 21; 3. 238. 32; 3. 240. 26, 29; 3. 243. 13, 17; 3. 251. 1; 3. 256. 24; 3. 284. 8; 3. 289. 10; 3. 295. 4; 3. 299. 27; 4. 1. 4; 4. 15. 8; 4. 22. 28, 30; 4. 30. 3; 4. 32. 1; 4. 36. 36; 4. 46. 13; 4. 57. 1, 16; 4. 59. 39; 4. 67. 13; 5. 7. 20; 5. 8. 6, 24; 5. 19. 28, 30; 5. 41. 8; 5. 46. 12; 5. 48. 1; 5. 54. 66; 5. 60. 29; 5. 82. 11; 5. 92. 45; 5. 122. 2; 5. 149. 74, 83; 5. 150. 24; 5. 151. 16; 5. 152. 1, 30; 5. 155. 38; 5. 196. 12; 5. 197. 1, 19; 6. 1. 29; 8. 1. 10; 9. 34. 24, 41; 9. 37. 18, 21, 30; 9. 38. 3, 22, 24; 9. 41. 3, 9, 10, 19; 9. 42. 2, 37; 9. 43. 48; 9. 44. 39, 43, 61, 65, 76, 80, 96-97, 99-100, 105; 9. 45. 2, 5, 7-8, 11, 13, 23-24, 27, 30, 83; 9. 47. 7, 11; 9. 48. 22; 9. 49. 11, 15, 57, 61; 9. 50. 1, 33, 37; 9. 62. 9; 11. 8. 3; 11. 11. 13; 11. 15. 8; 11. 25. 34; 11. 26. 32; 12. 38. 40; 12. 39. 3, 7, 19; 12. 40. 22; 12. 147. 20; 12. 326. 122; 12. 327. 19, 27; 12. 336. 63, 78; 12. 338. 6; 13. 18. 7; 14. 54. 35; 14. 55. 3; 14. 57. 45-46, 48; 14. 58. 9; 14. 60. 2; 14. 61. 11; 14. 62. 16; 14. 65. 29; 14. 69. 8, 11-12; 14. 70. 8; 14. 72. 13; 14, 73. 6; 14. 74. 12; 14. 75. 11; 14. 76. 13; 14. 77. 2, 6; 14. 91. 15; 14. 92. 4; 14. 94. 7, 18, 34; 15. 7. 6; 15. 9. 5; 15. 24. 2, 18; 15. 25. 5; 15. 28. 14; 15. 34. 1, 13; 15. 36. 9; 15. 41. 28; 15. 45. 44; 16. 3. 5, 12; 16. 4. 43; 16. 7. 2; 16. 8. 19, 44; 18. 2. 30; 18. 3. 6; 18. 5. 25.

(4) Duryodhana 1. 126. 15; 2. 44. 9; 2. 45. 37; 2. 51. 3; 2. 59. 4; 2. 71. 38; 3. 226. 2; 3. 228. 17-18; 3. 235. 21; 3. 236. 12, 14; 3. 239. 14; 3. 241. 14, 30, 33; 3. 242. 2; 4. 24. 20; 4. 25. 8; 4. 27. 8; 4. 28. 10; 5. 59. 21; 5. 63. 13; 5. 81. 3; 5. 89. 18; 5. 94. 22, 43; 5. 103. 1: 5. 122. 6, 11, 18, 26, 40-41, 44-45; 5. 123. 15; 5. 126. 4; 5. 127. 43; 5. 147. 29; 5. 153. 16; 5. 163. 12; 5. 165. 19; 5. 167. 7, 14; 5. 168. 1, 2, 4, 9, 18; 5. 169. 1, 15, 20; 5. 170. 22; 5. 173. 1, 10; 5. 174. 17; 5. 176. 20; 5. 177. 23; 5. 179. 1; 5. 180. 19, 22, 38; 5. 181. 5, 11, 16; 5. 182. 3, 7; 5. 183. 18; 5. 184. 12; 5. 185. 1-3, 6, 19, 22; 5. 187. 11, 39; 5. 191. 5; 5. 192. 7, 26; 5. 193. 53; 5. 194. 13, 14; 6. 62. 37; 6. 63. 21; 6. 84. 43; 6. 93. 12, 37-38; 6. 94. 17; 6. 95. 12; 6. 116. 51; 7. 5. 15; 7. 69. 41; 7. 105. 25; 7. 126. 26, 31; 7. 127. 18; 7. 133. 6; 7. 135. 5, 7, 14; 7. 145. 56; 7. 160. 26; 7. 165. 90, 92; 7. 166. 53; 8. 22. 32, 58; 8. 68. 9, 12; 9. 3. 27; 9. 17. 19; 9. 29. 13; 9. 30. 25, 30, 32-33, 59; 9. 31. 38, 52; 9. 58. 20; 10. 9. 27, 49; 12. 124. 18;

(5) Duḥśāsana 3. 238. 21; 7. 98. 21;

(6) Dhṛtarāṣṭra 1. 1. 184; 1. 130. 11; 1. 195. 3; 1. 196. 3, 5, 12; 1. 197. 6, 10, 22; 2. 45. 14, 31; 2. 46. 24, 26, 28; 2. 47. 1, 2; 2. 48. 35, 42; 2. 49. 4, 20, 23-24; 2. 50. 25; 2. 55. 15, 17; 2. 56. 10; 2. 63. 30; 2. 65. 1, 5; 2. 66. 30, 32; 2. 71. 10, 15-16, 21; 3. 9. 3, 8; 3. 12. 6, 25, 74; 3. 48. 2; 3. 228. 18; 5. 23. 7; 5. 32. 11; 5. 33. 78; 5. 34. 6, 70, 80; 5. 35. 65; 5. 36. 27; 5. 37. 11, 51, 55; 5. 38. 18, 31, 38, 41; 5. 39. 4; 5. 40. 10. 19; 5. 41. 2; 5. 43. 21; 5. 44. 5; 5. 45. 26; 5. 53. 1, 19; 5. 54. 5, 17, 20, 30, 46, 51, 54, 57, 64-65; 5. 56. 20, 41, 47; 5. 58. 2; 5. 60. 3, 7, 10; 5. 68. 4; 5. 85. 1; 5. 93. 3, 6, 12, 26, 45, 59; 5. 126. 39, 41; 5. 128. 27-29; 5. 138. 5; 5. 157. 1; 6. 2. 5, 30; 6. 3. 43; 6. 4. 21; 6. 4. 34; 6. 7. 5, 11, 30, 38; 6. 10. 5, 8, 32, 34, 41; 6. 11. 12-13; 6. 12. 20, 27; 6. 13. 28, 44; 6. 14. 13; 6. 16. 22, 44; 6. 18. 7, 18; 6. 20. 16-17; 6. 23. 24; 6. 24. 10; 6. 41. 88; 6. 42. 23; 6. 43. 19, 21, 29, 40, 49; 6. 44. 1, 19, 37; 6. 45. 4, 25, 59, 61; 6. 46. 50-51; 6. 47. 3, 21; 6. 48. 38, 59-60, 68; 6. 49. 10, 29, 32; 6. 50. 11, 38, 52^2; 6. 51. 1, 5, 30-31, 33, 43; 6. 52. 1. 14, 22; 6. 53. 1, 23, 27; 6. 54. 2, 14, 28; 6. 55. 3, 5, 13, 20, 38, 132; 6. 56. 1; 6. 58. 12, 17, 26, 56; 6. 59. 19, 29; 6. 60. 5; 6. 61. 15; 6. 65. 14, 21; 6. 66. 12; 6. 67. 11, 32; 6. 68. 22, 24; 6. 70. 5, 37; 6. 71. 2-3, 34-35; 6. 73. 71; 6. 74. 12, 20, 23, 31, 35; 6. 75. 27, 39; 6. 77. 19; 6. 78. 37, 39, 45; 6. 79. 28-30, 36, 49; 6. 80. 27, 51; 6. 81. 37; 6. 82. 6, 40; 6. 83. 11, 27, 30; 6. 84. 23; 6. 85. 32, 35; 6. 86. 22, 81; 6. 87. 4; 6. 90. 18; 6. 91. 62, 73, 79; 6. 92. 13, 43, 47, 76-77; 6. 93. 24; 6. 94. 3; 6. 95. 28, 31; 6. 96. 8; 6. 97. 13, 43, 49; 6. 98. 8, 18; 6. 99. 5, 41, 43; 6. 100. 7, 34; 6. 102. 14. 28; 6. 103. 2, 8; 6. 104. 9, 15, 17; 6. 106. 15, 28^2, 42; 6. 107. 2, 22, 51, 54-55; 6. 109. 15, 44; 6. 110. 16, 35; 6. 111. 3, 34-35, 43; 6. 112. 7, 10, 18, 51, 79, 124; 6. 113. 1, 5, 30; 6. 114. 3, 62-63, 87, 95; 6. 115. 15; 6. 116. 14; 7. 1. 32; 7. 6. 15; 7. 11. 13; 7. 12. 2, 17; 7. 13. 19, 40; 7. 14. 11, 19; 7. 16. 17; 7. 19. 28; 7. 20. 53; 7. 24. 33; 7. 27. 26; 7. 29. 34; 7. 31. 77; 7. 32. 18; 7. 35. 1, 40; 7. 37. 8; 7. 38. 7; 7. 40. 22; 7. 41. 15; 7. 47, 2; 7. 58. 5; 7. 64. 4; 7. 67. 22. 41, 60; 7. 68. 19, 27, 59-60; 7. 69. 75; 7. 70. 20, 30-31, 48; 7. 71. 21; 7. 72. 23; 7. 73. 15, 27, 41; 7. 74. 13; 7. 75. 12, 26; 7. 80. 10; 7. 81. 18, 29, 34; 7. 82. 9, 14, 16, 21, 25; 7. 85. 13; 7. 90. 4, 28; 7. 91. 32; 7. 93. 26; 7. 94. 5; 7. 95. 45; 7. 97. 11, 18, 23-24; 7. 98. 37; 7. 99. 16, 26-27; 7. 100. 22, 26; 7. 101. 4, 20, 40, 53, 57; 7. 102. 2, 53; 7. 103. 4; 7. 104. 30, 32; 7. 106. 44; 7. 109. 13, 17; 7. 111. 6, 32; 7. 112. 14, 26, 32; 7. 113. 21; 7. 114. 6. 10; 7. 115. 11, 22; 7. 117. 43; 7. 120. 2, 58; 7. 124. 1; 7. 126. 3; 7. 128. 14, 21; 7. 130. 13. 36; 7. 131. 95, 100, 113; 7. 132. 19, 31, 37; 7. 134. 45; 7. 137. 29, 32, 43; 7. 138. 7; 7. 139. 3; 7. 140. 14; 7. 141. 39; 7. 142. 1, 32; 7. 143. 1, 26, 34. 42; 7. 144. 26, 33; 7. 145. 7, 68; 7. 146. 8-9, 18, 29; 7. 147. 14; 7. 148. 17; 7. 150. 19, 55; 7. 152. 39; 7. 153. 24, 37; 7. 155. 2; 7. 159. 16, 28, 30-31; 7. 160. 26; 7. 162. 3, 20; 7. 163. 18, 32; 7. 164. 82, 154; 7. 165. 2, 72; 7. 166. 60; 7. 167. 3; 7. 170. 43; 7. 171. 22; 7. 172. 21, 27, 29; 8. 2. 3; 8. 4. 77; 8. 6. 1, 4, 46; 8. 7. 31; 8. 9. 11; 8. 10. 19, 25-26; 8. 11. 24, 26; 8. 12. 17; 8. 14. 31; 8. 16. 14; 8. 17. 6, 40, 47, 56, 85, 91; 8. 18. 14, 18, 42; 8. 19. 3, 27, 65; 8. 20. 6, 21; 8. 21. 37; 8. 23. 54; 8. 26. 5; 8. 32. 36-37; 8. 33. 14, 47, 66; 8. 35. 37, 43, 56; 8. 36. 8, 10, 23, 35, 38; 8. 37. 12, 33, 36; 8. 38. 3, 16; 8. 39. 23-24; 8. 40. 15, 53, 62, 92, 128; 8. 42. 3; 8. 44. 22, 27; 8. 45. 5, 13, 20, 54; 8. 50. 42; 8. 52. 1; 8. 53. 9; 8. 54. 9; 8. 55. 28-29, 37, 50, 69; 8. 56. 25, 49-50; 8. 58. 2, 22, 24; 8. 59. 39; 8. 63. 8, 32, 62; 8. 64. 9; 8. 65. 45; 8. 66. 18, 37; 8. 68. 1, 59; 9. 1. 30, 36; 9. 3. 4; 9. 6. 6, 18; 9. 7. 5, 17, 39; 9. 8. 5, 15, 19, 43; 9. 12. 24; 9. 13. 14, 16, 25, 32; 9. 15. 43, 59; 9. 16. 85; 9. 17. 16, 26; 9. 18. 6; 9. 19. 22; 9. 21. 4, 8, 20, 35, 43; 9. 22. 77; 9. 23. 60; 9. 24. 18, 24; 9. 25. 1, 35; 9. 26. 4, 51; 9. 27. 6-7, 16, 31, 62; 9. 28. 13^2-14; 9. 29. 52, 55; 9. 30. 15; 9. 33. 15; 9. 54. 4; 9. 56. 15, 24, 27; 9. 57. 48, 58; 9. 60. 25, 51-52; 9. 61. 31; 9. 62. 38-39, 45; 9. 63. 43; 10. 1. 32, 38; 10. 7. 18, 21, 27, 51; 10. 8. 12, 17, 27, 92, 109; 10. 10. 5; 11. 1. 25; 11. 2. 4; 11. 3. 8, 11; 11. 7. 4. 8, 16-17, 19; 11. 8. 3, 14, 31, 39, 42; 11. 10. 18; 11. 12. 6; 11. 26. 13; 15. 19. 10; 15. 35. 9-10;

(7) Nakula: 12. 160. 30, 50;

(8) Pāṇḍu: 1. 106. 3; 1. 109. 11, 21; 1. 112. 3; 1. 113. 36;

(9) Bhīmasena: 1. 137. 22; 2. 64. 16; 3. 35. 1, 10; 3. 37. 3-4, 10; 3. 142. 25; 3. 147. 40; 3. 149. 18, 24; 3. 150. 7; 3. 232. 18; 3. 296. 33; 4. 2. 16; 4. 17. 2, 6-7, 28; 4. 18. 1, 24, 35; 4. 19. 11; 4. 20. 31-32; 4. 21. 29; 4. 32. 18; 5. 73. 22; 5. 75. 9; 6. 50. 38; 7. 109. 11; 9. 60. 15-16; 10. 12. 2; 10. 16. 33; 11. 14. 12;

(10) Bhīṣma: 1. 94. 57, 62; 1. 96. 24; 1. 97. 9; 1. 99. 4, 9-10; 2. 38. 39; 2. 39. 8; 2. 41. 18; 3. 80. 53; 5. 172. 5; (5. 175. 19 if bhārata is a mistake for bhārataḥ; otherwise Akṛtavraṇa, see No. 1); 5. 176. 41; 5. 178. 7^2; 5. 184. 12; 6. 15. 15; 6. 54. 32; 6. 93. 37-38; 6. 105. 21; 6. 112. 88; 7. 3. 9, 19; 12. 50. 16-17, 31-32; 12. 51. 11; 12. 54. 33; 12. 59. 5; 12. 69. 2; 12. 79. 1; 12. 102. 1; 12. 108. 5, 7; 12. 109. 1; 12. 110. 1; 12. 115. 1; 12. 116. 13; 12. 120. 1; 12. 122. 51; 12. 124. 3; 12. 128, 1; 12. 129. 2; 12. 138. 1; 12. 139. 3; 12. 141. 5; 12. 158. 1, 3; 12. 189. 3; 12. 203. 1; 12. 213. 1; 12. 215. 1; 12. 252. 3, 14; 12. 263. 1; 12. 266. 1; 12. 289. 42; 13. 8. 1; 13. 25. 1, 6; 13. 49. 19; 13. 57. 2, 5; 13. 61. 2; 13. 62. 23, 30, 36, 38; 13. 63. 17; 13. 66. 1; 13. 76. 2; 13. 109. 31;

(11) Māndhātṛ (?): 12. 92. 54; 12. 122. 51;

(12) Yudhiṣṭhira: 1. 155. 4; 2. 5. 12, 17, 64, 95; 2. 6. 10; 2. 7. 4, 19; 2. 8. 32; 2. 9. 6, 21; 2. 10. 9, 17; 2. 11. 9, 16, 22, 27, 39, 62, 66; 2. 13. 1, 14, 40, 60; 2. 17. 10, 23; 2. 33. 22; 2. 34. 11; 2. 37. 11; 2. 60. 7: 2. 65. 5, 11; 2. 67. 2, 13, 20; 2. 69. 11, 20; 3. 2 77; 3. 3. 12; 3. 15. 5; 3. 18. 23; 3. 21. 20, 25, 34; 3. 22. 10, 26; 3. 23. 4, 8; 3. 28. 7, 13, 26; 3. 31. 4, 11 23, 28; 3. 33. 2, 6, 47, 54-55; 3. 34. 8, 79, 84; 3. 37. 23; 3. 48. 25; 3. 50. 6; 3. 51. 1; 3. 52. 1; 3. 54. 10, 13, 22, 25^2, 27; 3. 56. 16; 3. 60. 28, 30; 3. 61. 112; 3. 62. 42; 3. 65. 31; 3. 66. 11; 3. 71. 16, 21; 3. 72, 29; 3. 73. 23; 3. 80. 11, 17, 53, 85, 113, 120, 125; 3. 81. 4, 47, 49, 58, 64-65, 68, 73, 80, 117, 124; 3 82. 9-10, 13, 15, 17, 43, 46, 55-56, 64, 71, 77-78, 106, 118; 3. 83. 5, 35, 38, 44, 74, 77, 100; 3. 85. 4; 3. 86. 1^2, 9, 12; 3. 87. 2, 13; 3. 88. 4; 3. 89. 22; 3. 91. 8; 3. 92. 7; 3. 93. 17, 21; 3. 94. 20; 3. 97. 15, 23; 3. 103. 9; 3. 104. 7; 3. 106. 23; 3. 109. 15, 17; 3. 111. 1; 3. 115. 10; 3. 116. 18; 3. 117. 6; 3. 121. 13; 3. 125. 12; 3. 126. 32; 3. 128. 6-7; 3. 129. 11, 17; 3. 130. 1, 11, 18; 3. 135. 13-14, 23; 3. 137. 2, 5, 13; 3. 139. 7, 15; 3. 140. 1, 10; 3. 141. 8-9, 21; 3. 144. 6; 3. 154. 26; 3. 159. 2, 21; 3. 160. 22, 37; 3. 163. 27; 3. 164. 1, 3, 18, 40, 53, 57; 3. 166. 14, 2; 3. 167. 1, 19; 3. 168. 11; 3. 169. 8; 3. 170. 30, 41, 49; 3. 171. 9; 3. 173. 12-13; 3. 178. 2; 3. 186. 44, 59-60, 74, 76, 83, 90, 94; 3. 188. 34, 37; 3. 189. 7; 3. 192. 8; 3. 195. 34; 3. 196. 18; 3. 197. 1; 3. 202. 1; 3. 203. 1; 3. 207. 18; 3. 209. 17; 3. 210. 4; 3. 212. 23; 3. 244. 5; 3. 245. 16; 3. 261. 8; 3. 263. 26; 3. 266. 31; 3. 274. 8; 3. 278. 1; 3. 279. 22; 3. 296. 4; 3. 298. 17; 4. 2. 26; 4. 3. 16; 4. 5. 14; 4. 17. 28; 5. 8. 21, 37; 5. 9. 2, 51; 5. 12. 10; 5. 14. 8; 5. 18. 12; 5. 23. 5; 5. 70. 5; 5. 71. 13, 33; 5. 130. 11; 5. 148. 6, 10; 5. 149. 41; 5. 154. 30; 6. 21. 17; 6. 41. 13, 33; 6. 111. 14; 7. 86. 35; 7. 87. 44; 7. 124. 21; 7. 158. 60; 8. 31. 32; 8. 47. 12; 8. 49. 81, 83; 9. 6. 24, 27-28; 9. 30. 6, 35, 47; 9. 32. 13; 9. 61. 22; 10. 10. 5; 10. 12. 2, 11, 23; 10. 17. 9; 10. 18. 7; 11. 11. 9; 11. 17. 15; 11. 26. 21; 12. 2. 2; 12. 3. 8; 12. 4. 3, 8, 10-11; 12. 5. 5; 12. 10. 14; 12. 12. 5, 12; 12. 13. 1, 6, 11; 12. 14. 14, 26-27; 12. 15. 17, 54^2; 12. 18. 2; 12. 20. 6; 12. 21. 6; 12. 25. 5-6; 12. 29. 38; 12. 30. 28; 12. 32. 11, 20, 22, 24; 12. 34. 17, 21, 34; 12. 35. 12, 32; 12. 36. 1, 12, 24; 12. 39. 40, 44; 12. 43. 17; 12. 49. 5, 38; 12. 54. 8; 12. 56. 22, 58; 12. 57. 40; 12. 59. 15; 12. 60. 13, 27, 36, 43; 12. 66. 11-13, 19, 35; 12. 68. 2; 12. 69. 30; 12. 70. 2; 12. 72. 6, 22; 12. 76. 2, 6, 8; 12. 79. 7; 12. 83. 1, 3, 67; 12. 84. 3; 12. 87. 2; 12. 88. 7, 18; 12. 89. 26; 12. 90. 18, 25; 12. 92. 55; 12. 97. 21; 12. 101. 4, 10, 21; 12. 103. 5, 17, 34, 40; 12. 108. 24; 12. 109. 9, 17; 12. 110. 4; 12. 113. 18; 12. 114. 2; 12. 118. 28; 12. 121. 28; 12. 122. 55; 12. 124. 5; 12. 125. 24; 12. 128. 8, 13, 20, 44-45; 12. 131. 10, 16; 12. 134. 3; 12. 136. 12, 15-16, 208, 211; 12. 138. 2; 12. 139. 40; 12. 140. 8, 15, 19; 12. 141. 26; 12. 151. 34; 12. 152. 24; 12. 153. 9; 12. 154. 36; 12. 156. 3, 7, 22-23; 12. 157. 14; 12. 163. 1; 12. 164. 10; 12. 165. 18-19; 12. 167. 18; 12. 171. 2; 12. 187. 11, 26, 28; 12. 188. 20; 12. 200. 20, 23; 12. 214. 6; 12. 217. 1; 12. 218. 37; 12. 221. 12; 12. 222. 3; 12. 253. 20; 12. 256. 22; 12. 258. 69; 12, 263. 40; 12. 265. 8, 17, 22; 12. 270. 14; 12. 273. 3, 11, 21, 41; 12. 274. 4-5, 12, 57; 12. 275. 2; 12. 290. 12, 41, 50, 60, 69, 7172, 84, 87, 92-93; 12. 297. 49; 12. 298. 3; 12. 308. 3; 12. 311. 20; 12. 312. 4, 39, 46; 12. 313. 1; 12. 316. 4; 12. 319. 1; 12. 320. 9, 13, 38; 12. 324. 2, 27; 12. 326. 107; 12. 336. 13, 35; 12. 353. 8; 13. 2. 6, 18, 75, 95; 13. 4. 21; 13. 9. 4, 7, 18; 13. 10. 11-12, 35; 13. 14. 41; 13. 15. 6, 27; 13. 16. 9; 13. 18. 59; 13. 19. 10; 13. 24. 5, 7, 18, 21, 37^2, 39, 46, 63, 65, 82, 84, 88, 92, 98, 101; 13. 30. 16; 13. 31. 8, 19, 29; 13. 33. 2; 13. 37. 9; 13. 40. 27; 13. 42. 6, 12, 15; 13. 44. 23; 13. 46. 14; 13. 47. 10, 15, 19, 21, 54; 13. 49. 5, 7; 13. 52. 7, 22, 27; 13. 53. 8, 51; 13. 54. 3, 8, 33; 13. 57. 7. 26; 13. 58. 14; 13. 59. 4. 13. 60. 13-14, 17-18, 21, 23; 13. 62. 4; 13. 65. 37-38, 53, 56; 13. 76. 27; 13. 80. 28; 13. 81. 25; 13. 82. 47; 13. 90. 43-44, 47; 13. 92. 3, 7; 13. 93. 6; 13. 94. 3, 10; 13. 98. 16, 21; 13. 99. 26; 13. 100. 2; 13. 101. 2; 13. 102. 13; 13. 103. 19; 13. 104. 2; 13. 106. 5; 13. 107. 97, 114, 117-119, 132, 135, 140; 13. 108. 2-3, 16, 18; 13. 109. 9, 14; 13. 110. 137; 13. 111. 15; 13. 112. 32, 41, 43, 58, 60, 72, 82-83, 101, 106, 111; 13. 113. 28; 13. 116. 18; 13. 117. 6, 19, 26, 34; 13. 137. 2; 13. 143. 16; 13. 145. 15, 29; 13. 147. 6; 13. 153. 48; 14. 2. 20; 14. 3. 3, 8; 14. 4. 5; 14. 5. 6; 14. 6. 1; 14. 13. 1, 5, 8; 14. 70. 2425; 15. 8. 10; 15. 9. 18; 15. 10. 2; 15. 11. 8-9; 15. 12. 6, 15; 15. 33. 6; 15. 45. 14; 15. 47. 1; 17. 3. 17, 21; 18. 2. 35; 18. 3. 32;

(13) Vidura 1. 192. 18 (? or Janamejaya ?); 1. 198. 4; 2. 57. 11; 3. 6. 17;

(14) Śaṁtanu 1. 93. 42, 46; 1. 94. 33;

(15) Any one of the Bhāratas (unspecified) 1. 195. 6;


B. The most excellent, best or noblest among the Bharatas, the great warrior among them; (i) bharataprabarha (pl.):

(1) Pāṇḍavas 3. 25. 25;

(2) Yudhiṣṭhira 3. 24. 7; (ii) bharatapravīra: Bhīma 3. 35. 18; (iii) bharatarṣabha (lit. bull of the Bharatas):

(1) Arjuna 1. 158. 54; 1. 165. 3, 25, 39; 1. 172. 10; 1. 206. 6; 1. 207. 5, 21; 1. 208. 1; 1. 212. 2; 2. 23. 6; 3. 38. 11; 3. 168. 15 (?); 5. 160. 1; 6. 22. 16; 6. 25. 41; 6. 29. 11, 16; 6. 30. 23; 6. 35. 26; 6. 36. 12; 6. 39. 12; 6. 40. 36; 6. 102. 34; 7. 50. 65; 7. 78. 7; 8. 43. 20, 45, 49, 51; 8. 43. 74; 8. 49. 25; 8. 51. 108; 8. 65. 24; 14. 15. 30; 14. 16. 15; 14. 19. 52, 58; 14. 80. 18; 16. 9. 6, 36;

(2) Janamejaya 1. 55. 5; 1. 56. 33; 1. 58. 9, 16, 23, 25; 1. 61. 83, 88^2; 1. 73. 1; 1. 89. 52; 1. 93. 8; 1. 94. 5, 39, 66, 74; 1. 95. 4; 1. 96. 39; 1. 101. 4; 1. 105. 12; 1. 106. 6; 1. 111. 4; 1. 122. 46; 1. 123. 51, 68; 1. 128. 5; 1. 132. 2; 1. 133. 6; 1. 134. 8; 1. 138. 13; 1. 139. 11; 1. 145. 7; 1. 151. 21; 1. 164. 1; 1. 176. 30; 1. 216. 33; 1. 225. 19; 2. 1. 8; 2. 20. 30; 2. 22. 6, 37, 55; 2. 23. 17; 2. 28. 55; 2. 30. 36, 53; 2. 42. 45; 2. 43. 1; 2. 60. 14; 2. 66. 3; 3. 23. 50; 3. 48. 1; 3. 109. 1; 3. 153. 1, 21; 3. 157. 19; 3. 159. 25; 3. 182. 21; 3. 192. 1; 3. 240. 31; 3. 241. 23; 3. 243. 6; 3. 245. 1; 3. 275. 62; 3. 296. 29; 4. 5. 15; 4. 30. 29; 4. 36. 46; 4. 53. 58, 63; 4. 57. 13; 4. 58. 13; 4. 67. 38; 5. 18. 21; 5. 19. 26; 5. 46. 7; 5. 82. 15; 5. 87. 7; 5. 123. 1; 5. 129. 15; 5. 155. 34; 5. 156. 2; 6. 1. 26; 6. 5. 2; 6. 17. 12-13; 6. 22. 1; 6. 103. 54; 6. 105. 29; 7. 168. 2; 8. 3. 4; 9. 1. 49-50; 9. 2. 50; 9. 34. 19, 26; 9. 40. 20; 9. 44. 34; 9. 45. 29, 32, 36, 42, 63, 92; 9. 50. 24; 9. 62. 7; 10. 13. 10; 14. 56. 19; 14. 57. 56; 14. 58. 14; 14. 68. 5, 24; 14. 69. 7; 14. 72. 16; 14. 75. 1; 14. 77. 46; 14. 78. 13; 14. 83. 11; 14. 87. 14; 14. 90. 26; 14. 91. 3, 37; 15. 13. 4, 21; 15. 16. 26; 15. 20. 17; 15. 22. 7; 15. 25. 2; 15. 29. 18; 15. 30. 13, 18; 15. 32. 1; 15. 41. 9; 15. 47. 10; 16. 8. 28; 17. 1. 20; 18. 5. 7, 9, 38 (?);

(3) Duryodhana 2. 50. 2, 4, 15; 2. 57. 15; 3. 8. 8; 3. 11. 27; 4. 24. 16; 5. 7. 27; 5. 31. 22; 5. 48. 27; 5. 54. 22; 5. 60. 5; 5. 122. 9, 13, 17, 27, 31-32, 37, 51; 5. 123. 17, 19; 5. 124. 13, 15; 5. 127. 21, 45, 53; 5. 160. 26; 5. 169. 21; 5. 170. 10, 12; 5. 171. 8; 5. 172. 18; 5. 179. 15; 5. 180. 27, 36; 5. 183. 9; 5. 190. 18; 5. 192. 8; 5. 193. 1, 60; 6. 63. 2; 6. 105. 25; 7. 16. 12; 7. 164. 31; 8. 22. 52; 9. 3. 40; 9. 54. 28; 9. 64. 14;

(4) Dhṛtarāṣṭra 1. 195. 7; 1. 196. 8; 2. 45. 4, 28; 2. 50. 16; 2. 55. 14; 2. 63. 28; 2. 66. 17, 21; 2. 71. 12; 2. 72. 35; 3. 6. 15; 3. 48. 22; 5. 33. 21, 25, 34 55; 5. 34. 47; 5. 35. 67; 5. 36. 58; 5. 39. 17, 21; 5. 48. 41; 5. 49. 31, 43; 5. 53. 3, 14; 5. 54. 7, 24, 41, 50; 5. 57. 12; 5. 60. 5; 5. 62. 18-19; 5. 93. 10, 12, 21, 29, 36-39, 43, 47, 50; 5. 164. 7; 5. 166. 22; 6. 2. 13; 6. 5. 9; 6. 8. 17, 20, 26; 6. 9. 17; 6. 10. 56; 6. 11. 3, 7; 6. 12. 11; 6. 14. 3; 6. 17. 12, 19; 6. 19. 22, 38-39, 44; 6. 22. 21; 6. 42. 21; 6. 43. 4; 6. 44. 4, 48; 6. 45. 3, 6, 26, 51, 63; 6. 46. 1, 46; 6. 48. 28, 57; 6. 50. 33, 61, 108, 110; 6. 51. 10; 6. 57. 24; 6. 60. 15, 72; 6. 64. 18; 6. 66. 6-7, 15; 6. 67. 8, 16, 2728; 6. 70. 30; 6. 73. 1; 6. 78. 30; 6. 86. 84; 6. 88. 2, 33; 6. 92. 27; 6. 95. 49; 6. 97. 36; 6. 98. 38; 6. 101. 3, 21; 6. 102. 15; 6. 104. 7, 21, 23; 6. 105. 5, 13, 29; 6. 106. 3; 6. 110. 31; 6. 112. 78, 84, 88; 6. 113. 21; 6. 114. 19, 102; 6. 116. 9; 7. 18. 8; 7. 40. 11; 7. 50. 2; 7. 54. 8; 7. 62. 2; 7. 70. 34; 7. 74. 31, 33; 7. 77. 23; 7. 80. 7, 25; 7. 81. 41; 7. 84. 26; 7. 90. 1, 43; 7. 93. 21; 7. 96. 28; 7. 101. 48; 7. 102. 99; 7. 104. 23; 7. 107. 39; 7. 109. 12; 7. 111. 23; 7. 112. 5; 7. 117. 51; 7. 119. 22; 7. 125. 8; 7. 129. 12, 24; 7. 131. 110; 7. 133. 44; 7. 134. 19, 52; 7. 135. 24, 48; 7. 137. 7; 7. 139. 29; 7. 141. 54; 7. 142. 13, 31, 38, 41; 7. 144. 10; 7. 145. 8; 7. 146. 17, 35, 41; 7. 150. 66; 7. 159. 30; 7. 162. 7; 7. 164. 30; 7. 165. 85; 7. 170. 20; 7. 173. 3; 8. 6. 3; 8. 7. 3, 38; 8. 8. 45; 8. 18. 5; 8. 22. 28; 8. 27. 16; 8. 31. 3; 8. 32. 19; 8. 33. 64; 8. 34. 5; 8. 35. 32; 8. 40. 37; 8. 44. 31, 45; 8. 46. 2; 8. 50. 11, 18; 8. 55. 30, 73; 8. 59. 20; 8. 63. 23, 30; 9. 1. 25, 36; 9. 6. 20; 9. 7. 29, 37-38, 40; 9. 8. 42, 46; 9. 9. 49; 9. 11. 30; 9. 13. 3, 22; 9. 14. 5; 9. 16. 67; 9. 20. 7; 9. 21. 9, 31; 9. 22. 29, 43; 9. 23. 3; 9. 26. 41, 50; 9. 29. 38-39, 47; 9. 57. 40, 49, 57; 9. 61. 8, 33; 9. 62. 50; 10. 8. 107; 11. 5. 16; 11. 7. 6; 11. 10. 4; 11. 11. 24; 12. 92. 53; 15. 16. 23; 15. 18. 8; 15. 35. 23;

(5) Nakula 2. 29. 19; 12. 160. 86;

(6) Pāṇḍavas (pl.) 1. 119. 3; 1. 124. 21; 1. 133. 9; 1. 138. 6; 1. 144. 7; 1. 145. 8; 1. 174. 9; 2. 67. 6; 3. 6. 1; 3. 12. 71; 3. 25, 6; 3. 37. 39; 3. 155. 19, 23; 3. 156. 20; 3. 157. 8; 3. 159. 27; 3. 174. 1-2; 3. 222. 52; 5. 129. 32; 14. 52. 1;

(7) Unspecified (pl.) 11. 16. 19;

(8) Pāṇḍu 1. 110. 26; 1. 111. 10; 1. 112. 34; 1. 119. 4;

(9) Bhīmasena 1. 138. 10; 2. 26. 11; 2. 27. 23; 3. 146. 52; 3. 149. 24, 43; 3. 157. 35, 38; 4. 19. 13; 9. 54. 28; 15. 17. 14;

(10) Bhīṣma 1. 94. 80; 2. 21. 21; 2. 45. 55; 3. 80. 52; 5. 179. 6; 5. 184. 10; 5. 186. 6; 6. 15. 47, 54; 6. 22. 16; 6. 103. 62; 6. 115. 12, 29; 7. 2. 35; 12. 54. 39; 12. 59. 11; 12. 60. 3; 12. 68. 1; 12. 78. 1; 12. 79. 3; 12. 88. 1; 12. 98. 1; 12. 101. {??}; 12. 110. 1; 12. 116. 13; 12. 120. 2; 12. 121. 5; 12. 136. 1, 7; 12. 152. 1; 12. 157. 1; 12. 201. 1; 12. 202. 2; 12. 219. 2; 12. 272. 4-5, 17; 12. 307. 1; 13. 3. 17, 19; 13. 7. 1; 13. 11. 1; 13. 19. 1; 13. 26. 1-2; 13. 32. 1; 13. 58. 4; 13. 62. 42; 13. 83. 22, 25; 13. 97. 1; 13. 99. 1; 13. 100. 1; 13. 101. 1; 13. 104. 1; 13. 108. 1; 13. 109. 33; 13. 126. 3;

(11) Māndhātṛ 12. 92. 6, 53;

(12) Yudhiṣṭhira 1. 214. 3; 2. 5. 13, 34, 44, 47, 109-110; 2. 6. 12; 2. 9. 25; 2. 11. 3, 60, 63; 2. 13. 3, 5, 43; 2. 14. 12, 17; 2. 16. 16, 31; 2. 33. 12; 2. 34. 6; 2. 50. 15; 2. 58. 18; 2. 67. 8, 20; 2. 69. 7; 3. 14. 17; 3. 15. 2; 3. 16. 9; 3. 18. 1; 3. 20. 11; 3. 21. 10; 3. 23. 50; 3. 25. 6; 3. 33. 5, 56; 3. 34. 9, 18; 3. 74. 6; 3. 78. 6; 3. 80. 65, 79, 84, 86, 88, 94, 110, 112, 122; 3. 81. 20, 132, 153; 3. 82. 22, 67, 81, 83, 104, 117, 124; 3. 83. 60; 3. 85. 2, 9; 3. 86. 4; 3. 89. 19; 3. 93. 23; 3. 104. 8; 3. 105. 1, 9; 3. 106. 40; 3. 110. 1; 3. 114. 8; 3. 115. 30; 3. 155. 9; 3. 158. 44; 3. 163. 29; 3. 164. 20, 38; 3. 166. 16; 3. 168. 15 (? Arjuna); 3. 170. 26, 40; 3. 171. 13; 3. 178. 19; 3. 185. 42, 4647, 52; 3. 186. 24, 59; 3. 188. 9; 3. 189. 27; 3. 194. 8; 3. 195. 7, 20; 3. 197. 7; 3. 258. 1; 3. 275. 62; 3. 276. 7, 12; 3. 277. 22; 3. 280. 9; 3. 297. 21, 74; 3. 298. 6; 4. 1. 7; 4. 64. 37; 5. 9. 9, 38, 49; 5. 10. 31; 5. 16. 11; 5. 154. 8; 6. 103. 79; 7. 158. 55; 8. 45. 62; 8. 49. 1; 9. 30. 43; 9. 31. 58; 9. 32. 5; 10. 12. 3, 16; 10. 17. 8; 12. 4. 1; 12. 10. 2; 12. 11. 1; 12. 12. 13; 12. 16. 23; 12. 22. 8, 15; 12. 32. 4; 12. 37. 43; 12. 39. 47; 12. 49. 40, 61; 12. 59. 33, 46, 60; 12. 69. 11; 12. 92. 6, 53; 12. 97. 2; 12. 98. 1; 12. 113. 12; 12. 114. 1; 12. 116. 13; 12. 128. 5-6; 12. 136. 117; 12. 139. 57; 12. 140. 33; 12. 150. 6; 12. 200. 32, 35, 41, 45; 12. 223. 2; 12. 263. 17; 12. 265. 3; 12. 273. 8, 12, 19, 45; 12. 274. 41; 12. 289. 26, 30, 50; 12. 290. 35, 80, 101; 12. 320. 39; 13. 2. 26; 13. 4. 60; 13. 8. 12; 13. 10. 5, 9, 12, 23-26, 32, 36, 40; 13. 24. 12, 23-24, 28, 30, 34, 59, 7576, 81, 95; 13. 26. 35; 13. 33. 12; 13. 34. 16, 19; 13. 40. 3; 13. 43. 23; 13. 44. 14, 16; 13. 47. 26, 52-53; 13. 49. 17; 13. 50. 3, 9; 13. 51. 41; 13. 53. 12; 13. 57. 9, 43; 13. 58. 37; 13. 65. 47, 61; 13. 66. 3; 13. 73. 11; 13. 74. 32; 13. 80. 11, 26; 13. 83. 16, 20, 22; 13. 98. 19; 13. 103. 23; 13. 104. 29; 13. 107. 122; 13. 108. 19; 13. 109. 8, 10, 54; 13. 114. 2; 13. 116. 51; 13. 125. 3; 13. 144. 2, 49, 51; 13. 146. 5; 14. 11. 19; 14. 12. 11; 15. 5. 21; 15. 7. 11; 15. 10. 8; 15. 11. 11; 15. 16. 17; 15. 29. 13; 15. 33. 5; 15. 44. 22; 15. 45. 35; 15. 47. 5; 17. 3. 5-6;

(13) Vikarṇa 2. 61. 32;

(14) Vidura 3. 7. 19; 9. 1. 43;

(15) Śaṁtanu 1. 93. 11, 32; 5. 170. 4;

(16) Unspecified (all Bharata heroes in the Sabhā) (pl.) 2. 67. 14; (iv) bharataśārdūla (lit. tiger of the Bharatas):

(1) Janamejaya (Pārikṣita) 1. 47. 1; 17. 1. 42;

(2) Duryodhana 5. 185. 6; 9. 54. 29;

(3) Dhṛtarāṣṭra 9. 62. 51;

(4) Bhīmasena 2. 26. 2; 7. 107. 17; 9. 54. 29;

(5) Bhīṣma 6. 91. 6;

(6) Yudhiṣṭhira 3. 106. 6; 3. 259. 4; 12. 59. 68; 13. 61. 93; (v) bharataśreṣṭha:

(1) Arjuna 1. 169. 2; 1. 173. 4, 24; 3. 170. 9; 6. 39. 12; 8. 12. 35; 8. 43. 55; 8. 50. 21; 8. 51. 91; 8. 59. 6; 14. 50. 49; 14. 77. 25; 14. 84. 16;

(2) Janamejaya 1. 89. 19; 2. 66. 3; 3. 284. 4; 3. 294. 7; 9. 1. 9, 22; 9. 35. 29; 9. 47. 53; 9. 48. 21; 9. 51. 23; 14. 74. 2; 14. 76. 20; 15. 40. 21; 17. 1. 41;

(3) Duryodhana 3. 228. 23; 3. 243. 9; 5. 94. 44; 5. 123. 7; 5. 136. 9; 5. 147. 6; 5. 162. 23; 5. 171. 1; 5. 172. 17; 5. 175. 8; 5. 176. 15; 5. 181. 15; 5. 183. 19; 5. 193. 21; 6. 93. 7; 7. 11. 11; 8. 40. 27; 9. 56. 57; 9. 64. 11;

(4) Dhṛtarāṣṭra 5. 93. 52; 5. 94. 44; 5. 162. 23; 6. 5. 19; 6. 10. 72; 6. 12. 9; 6. 13. 33, 48; 6. 53. 20; 6. 61. 23; 6. 74. 34; 6. 77. 1; 6. 78. 17; 6. 83. 33; 6. 87. 19, 21; 6. 89. 1; 6. 91. 71; 6. 114. 22; 7. 1. 27; 7. 18. 37; 7. 19. 3; 7. 40. 20; 7. 62. 3; 7. 78. 44; 7. 81. 18-19; 7. 84. 17; 7. 86. 2; 7. 107. 29; 7. 108. 18; 7. 112. 43; 7. 114. 94; 7. 117. 22; 7. 120. 38; 7. 131. 101; 7. 139. 28; 7. 141. 43; 7. 144. 20, 37; 7. 146. 39; 8. 39. 5, 28; 8. 40. 7; 8. 55. 33; 9. 7. 12; 9. 13. 17; 9. 18. 10; 9. 24. 3; 9. 28. 11, 23, 72; 9. 56. 55;

(5) Nakula 8. 40 10; 9. 9. 42;

(6) Pāṇḍavas (pl.) 3. 49. 3; 3. 179. 17; 3. 244. 16; 3. 248. 1; Pāṇḍavas and Kauravas (?) 7. 1. 21;

(7) Bhīmasena 4. 18. 26; 8. 35. 24; 9. 32. 34;

(8) Bhīṣma 5. 48. 43; 5. 86. 23; 5. 170. 1; 5. 186. 6; 6. 95. 14; 6. 105. 28; 6. 115. 43; 6. 116. 21; 7. 1. 24; 7. 3. 13; 9. 32. 40; 12. 56. 8; 12. 200. 2, 5; 13. 23. 1; 13. 27. 3; 13. 102. 1; 13. 109. 33; 13. 125. 1;

(9) Yudhiṣṭhira 2. 16. 49; 3. 14. 12; 3. 15. 4; 3. 16 2, 7; 3. 17. 12; 3. 21. 7; 3. 23. 1; 3. 66. 21; 3. 79. 8; 3. 86. 7; 3. 104. 8; 3. 187. 49; 3. 188. 53; 3. 196. 1, 14; 3. 213. 41; 3. 256. 22; 3. 261. 26; 6. 46. 27; 7. 158. 23, 59; 8. 50. 10; 9. 30. 7; 9. 31. 20; 9. 55. 23; 12. 22. 5; 12. 25. 3; 12. 59. 141; 12. 88. 7; 12. 142. 36; 12. 149. 115; 12. 150. 1; 12. 158. 13; 12. 200. 19; 12. 201. 2; 12. 278. 38; 12. 353. 4; 13. 4. 2; 13. 9. 5, 24; 13. 10. 8, 17; 13. 23. 7; 13. 26. 36; 13. 34. 12; 13. 90. 18; 13. 98. 18. 22; 13. 147. 21; 14. 91. 8, 41; 17. 3. 21; 18. 3. 37;

(10) Sahadeva 8. 40. 10; (vi) bharatasattama:

(1) Arjuna 1. 209. 1; 6. 40. 4; 7. 50. 68; 9. 61. 9; 14. 82. 32;

(2) Janamejaya 1. 45. 27; 1. 54. 10; 1. 57. 49; 1. 59. 6; 1. 62. 3; 1. 92. 36; 1. 114. 14; 1. 119. 12; 1. 121. 7; 1. 213. 80; 1. 214. 12; 2. 3. 10; 2. 19. 33; 2. 46. 5; 5. 48. 12; 8. 3. 2; 9. 44. 40; 9. 50. 16; 11. 11. 5; 14. 51. 5; 14. 63. 7; 14. 73. 23; 14. 92. 3; 14. 95. 11; 15. 16. 12; 17. 1. 30;

(3) Duryodhana 5. 57. 2; 5. 122. 57; 5. 123. 17; 5. 137. 9; 5. 145. 35; 5. 179. 13; 5. 182. 1; 5. 185. 17 (bhāratasattama); 6. 61. 31; 7. 166. 33;

(4) Dhṛtarāṣṭra 5. 181. 36; 6. 9. 14; 6. 10. 63; 6. 12. 30; 6. 91. 9, 47; 7. 137. 41; 7. 144. 40; 8. 18. 9; 8. 23. 54; 9. 6. 5; 9. 21. 42; 9 22. 45, 88; 9. 24. 11; 10. 8. 87; 10. 9. 18; 15. 16. 12;

(5) Parikṣit 1. 38. 18;

(6) Pāṇḍavas (pl.) 1. 204 26; 3 156. 21; 3. 157. 13; 5. 56. 47; 14. 70. 6; 17. 1. 44;

(7) Pāṇḍu 1. 112. 33; 1. 116. 26;

(8) Bhīṣma 12. 136. 2; 12. 146. 1; 13. 38. 1; 13. 62. 1; 13. 83. 28; 13. 149. 3;

(9) Māndhātṛ 12. 91. 18;

(10) Yudhiṣṭhira 1. 214. 12; 2. 13. 60; 2. 16. 15; 3. 28. 33; 3. 37. 26; 3. 80. 38, 81, 100; 3. 81. 35, 46, 51, 63, 74, 91, 93, 120, 130, 172; 3. 82. 56, 67; 3. 85. 14; 3. 88. 11; 3. 129. 11; 3. 156. 27; 3. 192. 23; 3. 195. 26; 3. 197. 9, 17; 3. 209. 8; 3. 280. 15; 4. 66. 29 (bhāratasattama); 7. 137. 45; 7. 158. 57; 8. 43. 17; 9. 55. 22; 12. 13. 13; 12. 14. 35; 12. 59. 17 (bhāratasattama); 12. 62. 2; 12. 64. 2; 12. 91. 18; 12. 108. 22; 12. 141. 2; 12. 145. 12; 12. 159. 3; 12. 165. 12; 12. 168. 3; 12. 202. 20; 12. 273. 13, 20; 12. 322. 14; 12. 340. 3; 13. 9. 21; 13. 40. 40; 13. 50. 13; 13. 51. 43; 13. 53. 52; 13. 56. 15; 13. 58. 40; 13. 65. 29; 13. 67. 27; 13. 69. 30; 13. 80. 3; 13. 81. 2; 13. 83. 28; 13. 96. 2; 13. 98. 22; 13. 109. 5; 13. 110. 135; 14. 51. 5; 15. 30. 1; 15. 47. 3; 17. 1. 13;

(11) Vikarṇa 11. 19. 6;

(12) Śaṁtanu 1. 93. 5, 7;

(13) Sahadeva 2. 28. 34; (vii) bharatasiṁha (lit. lion of the Bharatas):

(1) Pāṇḍu 1. 110. 39;

(2) Bhīṣma 6. 82. 20;

(3) Yudhiṣṭhira 3. 19. 24;

(4) Unspecified (pl.) 14. 69. 5 (striyo bharatasiṁhānām);


C. Protector of the Bhāratas, of the dynasty of Bharata: bhāratagoptṛ: Śaṁtanu 1. 94. 3; (āsīd bharatavaṁśasya goptā sādhujanasya ca) 1. 94. 7;


D. Foremost of the Bhāratas: (i) bhāratamukhya (i) Janamejaya 1. 183 5;

(2) Duryodhana 5. 30. 47; (ii) bhāratāgrya:

(1) Arjuna 15. 21. 7;

(2) Janamejaya 1. 50. 1-7;

(3) Duryodhana 5. 26. 28;

(4) Dhṛtarāṣṭra 5. 32. 16;

(5) Pāṇḍavas (pl.) 5. 1. 11;


E. Foremost chariot-fighter of Bhā¤ratas: bhāratarathaśreṣṭha:

(1) Arjuna 7. 31. 51;

(2) Citrasena (son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra) bharatānāṁ mahārathaḥ 7. 143. 8;


F. The delighter of all Bhāratas: sarvabhārataharṣaṇa: Arjuna 7. 31. 51;


G. Teacher of Bhāratas: (i) bhāratācārya:

(1) Droṇa 4. 46. 9; 10. 12. 13; (ii) Son of the teacher of Bhāratas: bhāratācāryaputra: Aśvatthāman 10. 12. 34;


H. An outcaste of Bhāratas: Duḥśāsana bhāratāpasada: 2. 61. 46;


I. The elevator of Bharatas:

(1) Duryodhana: bharatāṇāṁ kulodvaha 3. 240. 1;

(2) Bhīṣma 13. 154. 7 (kulodvahaḥ);


J. The Chief of Bhāratas: patiṁ…bhāratānāṁ: Duryodhana 8. 68. 59;


K. The grand-father of Bhā¤ratas: bharatānāṁ pitāmahaḥ:

(1) Bhīṣma 4. 27. 1; 6. 14. 3; 6. 65. 28; 10. 14. 12; 12. 47. 1; pitāmahaṁ 6. 82. 25; 6. 99. 7; 6. 112. 63; pitāmahe 6. 115. 15; 12. 54. 6; (bhāratānām) 5. 31. 8; 5. 154. 1; 6. 110. 39;

(2) Vyāsa 6. 2. 2;


L. The foremost of the Bharatas: bharatānām amadhyame (lit. who is not the middle one of Bharatas). 6. 114. 102; 6. 115. 14, 42 (amadhyamam); 7. 3. 7;


M. The destroyer of the line of Bhāratas: bhāratānāṁ kulaghnaḥ; Duryodhana 2. 55. 2.


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Vedic Index of Names and Subjects

पृष्ठभागोऽयं यन्त्रेण केनचित् काले काले मार्जयित्वा यथास्रोतः परिवर्तयिष्यते। तेन मा भूदत्र शोधनसम्भ्रमः। सज्जनैः मूलमेव शोध्यताम्।

Bharata is the name of a people of great importance in the Rigveda and the later literature. In the Rigveda they appear prominently in the third and seventh Maṇḍalas in connexion with Sudās and the Tṛtsus, while in the sixth Maṇḍala they are associated with Divodāsa. In one passage the Bharatas are, like the Tṛtsus, enemies of the Pūrus: there can be little doubt that Ludwig's view of the identity of the Bharatas and and Tṛtsus is practically correct. More precisely Oldenberg considers that the Tṛtsus are the Vasiṣṭhas, the family singers of the Bharatas; while Geldner recognizes, with perhaps more probability, in the Tṛtsus the royal family of the Bharatas. That the Tṛtsus and Bharatas were enemies, as Zimmer holds, is most improbable even on geographical grounds, for the Tṛtsus in Zimmer's view occupied the country to the east of the Paruṣṇī (Ravi), and the Bharatas must therefore be regarded as coming against the Tṛtsus from the west, whereas the Rigveda recognizes two Bharata chiefs on the Sarasvatī, Āpayā, and Dṛṣadvatī--that is, in the holy land of India, the Madhyadeśa. Hillebrandt sees in the connexion of the Tṛtsus and the Bharatas a fusion of two tribes; but this is not supported by any evidence beyond the fact that in his opinion some such theory is needed to explain Divodāsa's appearing in connexion with the Bharadvāja family, while Sudās, his son,

^4 Translation of the Rigveda, 3, 172 et seq. or perhaps grandson (cf. Pijavana), is connected with the Vasiṣṭhas and the Viśvāmitras.

In the later literature the Bharatas appear as especially famous. The Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa mentions Bharata Dauḥṣanti as a king, sacrificer of the Aśvamedha (‘horse sacrifice’) and Śatānīka Sātrājita, as another Bharata who offered that sacrifice. The Aitareya Brāhmaṇa mentions Bharata Dauḥṣanti as receiving the kingly coronation from Dīrghatamas Māmateya, and Śatānīka as being consecrated by Somaśuṣman Vājaratnāyana, a priest whose name is of quite late origin. The geographical position of the Bharata people is clearly shown by the fact that the Bharata kings win victories over the Kāśis, and make offerings on the Yamunā (Jumna) and Gaṅgā (Ganges). Moreover, in the formula of the king's proclamation for the people, the variants recorded include Kuravaḥ, Pañcālāḥ, Kuru-Pañcālāḥ, and Bharatāḥ; and the Mahābhārata consistently recognizes the royal family of the Kurus as a Bharata family. It is therefore extremely probable that Oldenberg is right in holding that the Bharatas in the times of the Brāhmaṇas were merging in the Kuru-Pañcāla people.

The ritual practices of the Bharatas are repeatedly mentioned in the Pañcaviṃśa Brāhmaṇa, the Aitareya Brāhmaṇa, the Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa, and the Taittirīya Āraṇyaka. Already in the Rigveda there is mention made of Agni Bhārata (‘of the Bharatas’). In the Āprī hymns occurs a goddess Bhāratī, the personified divine protective power of the Bharatas: her association in the hymns with Sarasvatī reflects the connexion of the Bharatas with the Sarasvatī in the Rigveda. Again, in the Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa Agni is referred to as brāhmaṇa Bhārata, ‘priest of the Bharatas,’ and is invited to dispose of the offering Manuṣvat Bharatavat, ‘like Manu,’ ‘like Bharata.’

In one or two passages Sudās or Divodāsa and, on the other hand, Purukutsa or Trasadasyu appear in a friendly relation. Possibly this points, as Oldenberg suggests, to the union of Bharatas and Pūrus with the Kurus.

A Bharata is referred to in the fifth Maṇḍala of the Rigveda: who he was is uncertain.